{"id":18146,"date":"2024-07-20T18:42:25","date_gmt":"2024-07-20T14:12:25","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/cafetadris.com\/blog\/?p=18146"},"modified":"2024-07-27T16:04:21","modified_gmt":"2024-07-27T11:34:21","slug":"%d9%85%d8%b9%d8%b1%d9%81%db%8c-%d8%ac%d8%a7%d9%85%d8%b9-%d8%b1%d9%88%d8%b4%d9%87%d8%a7%db%8c-%d9%86%d9%85%d8%a7%db%8c%d8%b4-%da%af%d8%b1%d8%a7%d9%81-%d8%a7%d8%b2-%d9%85%d8%a7%d8%aa%d8%b1","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/cafetadris.com\/blog\/%d9%85%d8%b9%d8%b1%d9%81%db%8c-%d8%ac%d8%a7%d9%85%d8%b9-%d8%b1%d9%88%d8%b4%d9%87%d8%a7%db%8c-%d9%86%d9%85%d8%a7%db%8c%d8%b4-%da%af%d8%b1%d8%a7%d9%81-%d8%a7%d8%b2-%d9%85%d8%a7%d8%aa%d8%b1\/","title":{"rendered":"\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u06cc \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639 \u0631\u0648\u0634\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0646\u0645\u0627\u06cc\u0634 \u06af\u0631\u0627\u0641 \u062f\u0631 \u067e\u0627\u06cc\u062a\u0648\u0646: \u0627\u0632 \u0645\u0627\u062a\u0631\u06cc\u0633 \u0645\u062c\u0627\u0648\u0631\u062a \u062a\u0627 \u0631\u0648\u0634\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0647\u0646\u062f\u0633\u06cc"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p>\u062f\u0631 \u062f\u0646\u06cc\u0627\u06cc \u067e\u06cc\u0686\u06cc\u062f\u0647 \u0648 \u067e\u0631 \u0627\u0632 \u0627\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0637\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0645\u0631\u0648\u0632\u060c \u06af\u0631\u0627\u0641\u200c\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0647 \u0639\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0628\u0632\u0627\u0631\u06cc \u0642\u062f\u0631\u062a\u0645\u0646\u062f \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u0646\u0645\u0627\u06cc\u0634 \u0648 \u062a\u062d\u0644\u06cc\u0644 \u0631\u0648\u0627\u0628\u0637 \u0628\u06cc\u0646 \u0627\u062c\u0632\u0627 \u0645\u0637\u0631\u062d \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u0634\u0648\u0646\u062f. \u062f\u0631 \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0644\u0647\u060c \u0628\u0647 \u0628\u0631\u0631\u0633\u06cc \u0627\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0639 \u0646\u0645\u0627\u06cc\u0634\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u06af\u0631\u0627\u0641 (<a rel=\"noreferrer noopener\" href=\"https:\/\/www.geeksforgeeks.org\/graph-and-its-representations\/\" data-type=\"URL\" data-id=\"https:\/\/www.geeksforgeeks.org\/graph-and-its-representations\/\" target=\"_blank\">Graph Representation<\/a>) \u062e\u0648\u0627\u0647\u06cc\u0645 \u067e\u0631\u062f\u0627\u062e\u062a. \u0627\u06af\u0631 \u062a\u0627 \u0628\u0647 \u062d\u0627\u0644 \u0628\u0647 \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u0641\u06a9\u0631 \u06a9\u0631\u062f\u0647\u200c\u0627\u06cc\u062f \u06a9\u0647 \u0686\u06af\u0648\u0646\u0647 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0637\u0627\u062a \u067e\u06cc\u0686\u06cc\u062f\u0647 \u0631\u0627 \u0628\u0647 \u0635\u0648\u0631\u062a \u0633\u0627\u062f\u0647\u200c\u062a\u0631 \u0648 \u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644 \u0641\u0647\u0645\u200c\u062a\u0631 \u0646\u0634\u0627\u0646 \u062f\u0627\u062f\u060c \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0644\u0647 \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u0634\u0645\u0627\u0633\u062a. \u06af\u0631\u0627\u0641\u200c\u0647\u0627 \u0646\u0647 \u062a\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u062f\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0631\u0627\u06cc\u0627\u0646\u0647\u060c \u0628\u0644\u06a9\u0647 \u062f\u0631 \u0628\u0633\u06cc\u0627\u0631\u06cc \u0627\u0632 \u062d\u0648\u0632\u0647\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0639\u0644\u0645\u06cc \u0648 \u0635\u0646\u0639\u062a\u06cc \u06a9\u0627\u0631\u0628\u0631\u062f \u062f\u0627\u0631\u0646\u062f \u0648 \u062f\u0631\u06a9 \u0622\u0646\u200c\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0646\u062f \u0628\u0647 \u0645\u0627 \u062f\u0631 \u062d\u0644 \u0645\u0633\u0627\u0626\u0644 \u067e\u06cc\u0686\u06cc\u062f\u0647 \u06a9\u0645\u06a9 \u06a9\u0646\u062f.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u0646\u0638\u0631\u06cc\u0647 \u06af\u0631\u0627\u0641 \u0686\u06cc\u0633\u062a\u061f<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0646\u0638\u0631\u06cc\u0647 \u06af\u0631\u0627\u0641 (<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Graph_theory#:~:text=In%20mathematics%2C%20graph%20theory%20is,arcs%2C%20links%20or%20lines).\" data-type=\"URL\" data-id=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Graph_theory#:~:text=In%20mathematics%2C%20graph%20theory%20is,arcs%2C%20links%20or%20lines).\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Graph Theory<\/a>) \u0634\u0627\u062e\u0647\u200c\u0627\u06cc \u0627\u0632 \u0631\u06cc\u0627\u0636\u06cc\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0633\u062a \u06a9\u0647 \u0628\u0647 \u0645\u0637\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0647 \u06af\u0631\u0627\u0641\u200c\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u067e\u0631\u062f\u0627\u0632\u062f. \u06cc\u06a9 \u06af\u0631\u0627\u0641 \u0634\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0647\u200c\u0627\u06cc \u0627\u0632 \u0631\u0626\u0648\u0633 (\u06cc\u0627 \u06af\u0631\u0647\u200c\u0647\u0627) \u0648 \u06cc\u0627\u0644\u200c\u0647\u0627 (\u06cc\u0627 \u0644\u0628\u0647\u200c\u0647\u0627) \u0627\u0633\u062a \u06a9\u0647 \u0627\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0637\u0627\u062a \u0628\u06cc\u0646 \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u0631\u0626\u0648\u0633 \u0631\u0627 \u0646\u0634\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u062f\u0647\u062f. \u06af\u0631\u0627\u0641\u200c\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0646\u0646\u062f \u062c\u0647\u062a\u200c\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u06cc\u0627 \u0628\u062f\u0648\u0646 \u062c\u0647\u062a\u060c \u0648\u0632\u0646\u200c\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u06cc\u0627 \u0628\u062f\u0648\u0646 \u0648\u0632\u0646 \u0628\u0627\u0634\u0646\u062f. \u0646\u0638\u0631\u06cc\u0647 \u06af\u0631\u0627\u0641 \u0628\u0647 \u0645\u0627 \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u0627\u0645\u06a9\u0627\u0646 \u0631\u0627 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u062f\u0647\u062f \u06a9\u0647 \u0633\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0627\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0648 \u0634\u0628\u06a9\u0647\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u067e\u06cc\u0686\u06cc\u062f\u0647 \u0631\u0627 \u0628\u0647 \u0635\u0648\u0631\u062a \u0633\u0627\u062f\u0647\u200c\u062a\u0631\u06cc \u0645\u062f\u0644\u200c\u0633\u0627\u0632\u06cc \u0648 \u062a\u062d\u0644\u06cc\u0644 \u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u0645. \u0627\u0632 \u06a9\u0627\u0631\u0628\u0631\u062f\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0646\u0638\u0631\u06cc\u0647 \u06af\u0631\u0627\u0641 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0646 \u0628\u0647 \u0637\u0631\u0627\u062d\u06cc \u0634\u0628\u06a9\u0647\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u06a9\u0627\u0645\u067e\u06cc\u0648\u062a\u0631\u06cc\u060c \u062a\u062d\u0644\u06cc\u0644 \u0634\u0628\u06a9\u0647\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u06cc \u0648 \u0645\u062f\u0644\u200c\u0633\u0627\u0632\u06cc \u0633\u06cc\u0633\u062a\u0645\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0628\u06cc\u0648\u0644\u0648\u0698\u06cc\u06a9\u06cc \u0627\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0647 \u06a9\u0631\u062f.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u0622\u0634\u0646\u0627\u06cc\u06cc \u0628\u06cc\u0634\u062a\u0631 \u0628\u0627 \u0646\u0638\u0631\u06cc\u0647 \u06af\u0631\u0627\u0641 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0646\u06cc\u062f \u0645\u0637\u0644\u0628<mark style=\"background-color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0)\" class=\"has-inline-color has-vivid-cyan-blue-color\"> <\/mark><a rel=\"noreferrer noopener\" href=\"https:\/\/cafetadris.com\/blog\/%d9%86%d8%b8%d8%b1%db%8c%d9%87-%da%af%d8%b1%d8%a7%d9%81-%d9%be%d9%84%db%8c-%d8%a8%db%8c%d9%86-%d8%b1%db%8c%d8%a7%d8%b6%db%8c%d8%a7%d8%aa-%d9%88-%d8%af%d9%86%db%8c%d8%a7%db%8c-%d9%88%d8%a7%d9%82%d8%b9\/\" data-type=\"URL\" data-id=\"https:\/\/cafetadris.com\/blog\/%d9%86%d8%b8%d8%b1%db%8c%d9%87-%da%af%d8%b1%d8%a7%d9%81-%d9%be%d9%84%db%8c-%d8%a8%db%8c%d9%86-%d8%b1%db%8c%d8%a7%d8%b6%db%8c%d8%a7%d8%aa-%d9%88-%d8%af%d9%86%db%8c%d8%a7%db%8c-%d9%88%d8%a7%d9%82%d8%b9\/\" target=\"_blank\"><mark style=\"background-color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0)\" class=\"has-inline-color has-vivid-cyan-blue-color\">\u0646\u0638\u0631\u06cc\u0647 \u06af\u0631\u0627\u0641: \u067e\u0644\u06cc \u0628\u06cc\u0646 \u0631\u06cc\u0627\u0636\u06cc\u0627\u062a \u0648 \u062f\u0646\u06cc\u0627\u06cc \u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639\u06cc<\/mark><\/a> \u0631\u0627 \u0645\u0637\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0647 \u0646\u0645\u0627\u06cc\u06cc\u062f.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0639 \u0646\u0645\u0627\u06cc\u0634 \u06af\u0631\u0627\u0641<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>\u06cc\u06a9\u06cc \u0627\u0632 \u0645\u0647\u0645\u200c\u062a\u0631\u06cc\u0646 \u062c\u0646\u0628\u0647\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0645\u0637\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0647 \u06af\u0631\u0627\u0641\u200c\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0646\u062d\u0648\u0647 \u0646\u0645\u0627\u06cc\u0634 \u0622\u0646\u200c\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0633\u062a. \u0646\u0645\u0627\u06cc\u0634 \u06af\u0631\u0627\u0641 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0646\u062f \u062a\u0627\u062b\u06cc\u0631 \u0632\u06cc\u0627\u062f\u06cc \u0628\u0631 \u06a9\u0627\u0631\u0627\u06cc\u06cc \u0627\u0644\u06af\u0648\u0631\u06cc\u062a\u0645\u200c\u0647\u0627 \u0648 \u062a\u062d\u0644\u06cc\u0644\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641 \u062f\u0627\u0634\u062a\u0647 \u0628\u0627\u0634\u062f. \u0633\u0647 \u0646\u0648\u0639 \u0627\u0635\u0644\u06cc \u0646\u0645\u0627\u06cc\u0634 \u06af\u0631\u0627\u0641 \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u062f\u0627\u0631\u062f: \u0646\u0645\u0627\u06cc\u0634 \u0645\u0627\u062a\u0631\u06cc\u0633\u06cc\u060c \u0646\u0645\u0627\u06cc\u0634 \u0644\u06cc\u0633\u062a\u06cc \u0648 \u0646\u0645\u0627\u06cc\u0634 \u0647\u0646\u062f\u0633\u06cc.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u062f\u0631 \u0646\u0645\u0627\u06cc\u0634 \u0645\u0627\u062a\u0631\u06cc\u0633\u06cc\u060c \u0627\u0632 \u0645\u0627\u062a\u0631\u06cc\u0633\u200c\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u0646\u0634\u0627\u0646 \u062f\u0627\u062f\u0646 \u0627\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0637\u0627\u062a \u0628\u06cc\u0646 \u0631\u0626\u0648\u0633 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u0634\u0648\u062f. \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u0631\u0648\u0634 \u0628\u0647 \u062e\u0635\u0648\u0635 \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u06af\u0631\u0627\u0641\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0645\u062a\u0631\u0627\u06a9\u0645 \u0628\u0633\u06cc\u0627\u0631 \u06a9\u0627\u0631\u0622\u0645\u062f \u0627\u0633\u062a.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u0645\u0627\u062a\u0631\u06cc\u0633 \u0645\u062c\u0627\u0648\u0631\u062a<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0645\u0627\u062a\u0631\u06cc\u0633 \u0645\u062c\u0627\u0648\u0631\u062a (Adjacency Matrix) \u06cc\u06a9\u06cc \u0627\u0632 \u0631\u0648\u0634\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0646\u0645\u0627\u06cc\u0634 \u06af\u0631\u0627\u0641\u200c\u0647\u0627 \u062f\u0631 \u0646\u0638\u0631\u06cc\u0647 \u06af\u0631\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0633\u062a. \u062f\u0631 \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u0631\u0648\u0634\u060c \u06af\u0631\u0627\u0641 \u0628\u0647 \u0635\u0648\u0631\u062a \u06cc\u06a9 \u0645\u0627\u062a\u0631\u06cc\u0633 \u0645\u0631\u0628\u0639\u06cc \u0646\u0645\u0627\u06cc\u0634 \u062f\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u0634\u0648\u062f \u06a9\u0647 \u0646\u0634\u0627\u0646\u200c\u062f\u0647\u0646\u062f\u0647 \u0627\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0637\u0627\u062a (\u06cc\u0627\u0644\u200c\u0647\u0627) \u0628\u06cc\u0646 \u0631\u0627\u0633\u200c\u0647\u0627 (\u06af\u0631\u0647\u200c\u0647\u0627) \u0627\u0633\u062a. \u0645\u0627\u062a\u0631\u06cc\u0633 \u0645\u062c\u0627\u0648\u0631\u062a \u06af\u0631\u0627\u0641\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641 \u062a\u0641\u0627\u0648\u062a\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc\u06cc \u0628\u0627 \u0647\u0645 \u062f\u0627\u0631\u0646\u062f. \u0628\u0647\u200c\u0647\u0645\u06cc\u0646 \u062f\u0644\u06cc\u0644 \u062f\u0631\u0627\u062f\u0627\u0645\u0647 \u0627\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0639 \u0622\u0646 \u0631\u0627 \u0628\u0647\u200c\u062a\u0641\u06a9\u06cc\u06a9 \u0628\u0631\u0631\u0633\u06cc \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u0645:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u0645\u0627\u062a\u0631\u06cc\u0633 \u0645\u062c\u0627\u0648\u0631\u062a \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u06af\u0631\u0627\u0641\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0628\u06cc\u200c\u062c\u0647\u062a<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0641\u0631\u0636 \u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u062f \u06cc\u06a9 \u06af\u0631\u0627\u0641 \u0628\u062f\u0648\u0646 \u0648\u0632\u0646 \u0648 \u0628\u06cc\u200c\u062c\u0647\u062a G \u062f\u0627\u0631\u06cc\u0645 \u06a9\u0647 \u0634\u0627\u0645\u0644 n \u0631\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0633\u062a. \u0645\u0627\u062a\u0631\u06cc\u0633 \u0645\u062c\u0627\u0648\u0631\u062a \u06af\u0631\u0627\u0641 G \u06cc\u06a9 \u0645\u0627\u062a\u0631\u06cc\u0633 \u0645\u0631\u0628\u0639\u06cc \u0628\u0627 \u0627\u0628\u0639\u0627\u062f n\u00d7n \u0627\u0633\u062a \u06a9\u0647 \u0628\u0647 \u0635\u0648\u0631\u062a \u0632\u06cc\u0631 \u062a\u0639\u0631\u06cc\u0641 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u0634\u0648\u062f:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u0647\u0631 \u0633\u0637\u0631 \u0648 \u0633\u062a\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u0645\u0627\u062a\u0631\u06cc\u0633 \u0645\u0631\u0628\u0648\u0637 \u0628\u0647 \u06cc\u06a9 \u0631\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0632 \u06af\u0631\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0633\u062a.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0627\u06af\u0631 \u0628\u06cc\u0646 \u0631\u0626\u0648\u0633 i \u0648 j \u06cc\u0627\u0644\u06cc \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u062f\u0627\u0634\u062a\u0647 \u0628\u0627\u0634\u062f\u060c \u062f\u0631 \u062e\u0627\u0646\u0647\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc (i,j) \u0648 (j,i) \u0645\u0627\u062a\u0631\u06cc\u0633 \u0645\u062c\u0627\u0648\u0631\u062a \u0645\u0642\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u06f1 \u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u06af\u06cc\u0631\u062f.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0627\u06af\u0631 \u0628\u06cc\u0646 \u0631\u0626\u0648\u0633 i \u0648 j \u06cc\u0627\u0644\u06cc \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u0646\u062f\u0627\u0634\u062a\u0647 \u0628\u0627\u0634\u062f\u060c \u062f\u0631 \u062e\u0627\u0646\u0647\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc (i,j) \u0648 (j,i) \u0645\u0627\u062a\u0631\u06cc\u0633 \u0645\u062c\u0627\u0648\u0631\u062a \u0645\u0642\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u06f0 \u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u06af\u06cc\u0631\u062f.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter size-full is-resized\"><img fetchpriority=\"high\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/cafetadris.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/image-72.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-18154\" width=\"769\" height=\"345\" srcset=\"https:\/\/cafetadris.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/image-72.png 1000w, https:\/\/cafetadris.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/image-72-300x135.png 300w, https:\/\/cafetadris.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/image-72-768x345.png 768w, https:\/\/cafetadris.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/image-72-585x263.png 585w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 769px) 100vw, 769px\" \/><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n<p>\u062d\u0627\u0644 \u0641\u0631\u0636 \u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u062f \u06cc\u06a9 \u06af\u0631\u0627\u0641 \u0648\u0632\u0646\u200c\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0648 \u0628\u06cc\u200c\u062c\u0647\u062a G \u062f\u0627\u0631\u06cc\u0645 \u06a9\u0647 \u0634\u0627\u0645\u0644 n \u0631\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0633\u062a. \u0645\u0627\u062a\u0631\u06cc\u0633 \u0645\u062c\u0627\u0648\u0631\u062a \u06af\u0631\u0627\u0641 G \u06cc\u06a9 \u0645\u0627\u062a\u0631\u06cc\u0633 \u0645\u0631\u0628\u0639\u06cc \u0628\u0627 \u0627\u0628\u0639\u0627\u062f n\u00d7n \u0627\u0633\u062a \u06a9\u0647 \u0628\u0647 \u0635\u0648\u0631\u062a \u0632\u06cc\u0631 \u062a\u0639\u0631\u06cc\u0641 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u0634\u0648\u062f:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u0647\u0631 \u0633\u0637\u0631 \u0648 \u0633\u062a\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u0645\u0627\u062a\u0631\u06cc\u0633 \u0645\u0631\u0628\u0648\u0637 \u0628\u0647 \u06cc\u06a9 \u0631\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0632 \u06af\u0631\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0633\u062a.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0627\u06af\u0631 \u0628\u06cc\u0646 \u0631\u0626\u0648\u0633 i \u0648 j \u06cc\u0627\u0644\u06cc \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u062f\u0627\u0634\u062a\u0647 \u0628\u0627\u0634\u062f\u060c \u062f\u0631 \u062e\u0627\u0646\u0647\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc (i,j) \u0648 (j,i) \u0645\u0627\u062a\u0631\u06cc\u0633 \u0645\u062c\u0627\u0648\u0631\u062a \u0648\u0632\u0646 \u0622\u0646 \u06cc\u0627\u0644 \u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u06af\u06cc\u0631\u062f.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0627\u06af\u0631 \u0628\u06cc\u0646 \u0631\u0626\u0648\u0633 i \u0648 j \u06cc\u0627\u0644\u06cc \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u0646\u062f\u0627\u0634\u062a\u0647 \u0628\u0627\u0634\u062f\u060c \u062f\u0631 \u062e\u0627\u0646\u0647\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc (i,j) \u0648 (j,i) \u0645\u0627\u062a\u0631\u06cc\u0633 \u0645\u062c\u0627\u0648\u0631\u062a \u0645\u0642\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u06f0 \u06cc\u0627 \u0628\u06cc\u200c\u0646\u0647\u0627\u06cc\u062a \u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u06af\u06cc\u0631\u062f.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter size-large is-resized\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/cafetadris.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/image-73-1024x458.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-18155\" width=\"752\" height=\"336\" srcset=\"https:\/\/cafetadris.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/image-73-1024x458.png 1024w, https:\/\/cafetadris.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/image-73-300x134.png 300w, https:\/\/cafetadris.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/image-73-768x343.png 768w, https:\/\/cafetadris.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/image-73-585x262.png 585w, https:\/\/cafetadris.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/image-73.png 1029w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 752px) 100vw, 752px\" \/><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0646 \u062f\u0631 \u0645\u0627\u062a\u0631\u06cc\u0633 \u0645\u062c\u0627\u0648\u0631\u062a \u06af\u0631\u0627\u0641 \u0628\u06cc\u200c\u062c\u0647\u062a<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p>\u062f\u0631 \u06af\u0631\u0627\u0641\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0628\u06cc\u200c\u062c\u0647\u062a (Undirected Graphs)\u060c \u0686\u0648\u0646 \u06cc\u0627\u0644\u200c\u0647\u0627 \u062c\u0647\u062a \u0646\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0646\u062f\u060c \u06cc\u0627\u0644\u06cc \u06a9\u0647 \u0627\u0632 \u0631\u0627\u0633 i \u0628\u0647 \u0631\u0627\u0633 j \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u0631\u0648\u062f\u060c \u0647\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u06cc\u0627\u0644\u06cc \u0627\u0633\u062a \u06a9\u0647 \u0627\u0632 \u0631\u0627\u0633 j \u0628\u0647 \u0631\u0627\u0633 i \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u0631\u0648\u062f. \u0628\u0646\u0627\u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u0647\u0645\u0627\u0646\u200c\u0637\u0648\u0631 \u06a9\u0647 \u062f\u0631 \u062a\u0648\u0636\u06cc\u062d\u0627\u062a \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0627 \u0628\u0647 \u0622\u0646 \u0627\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0647 \u0634\u062f\u060c \u062f\u0631 \u0645\u0627\u062a\u0631\u06cc\u0633 \u0645\u062c\u0627\u0648\u0631\u062a \u06af\u0631\u0627\u0641\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0628\u06cc\u200c\u062c\u0647\u062a\u060c \u0631\u0627\u0628\u0637\u0647 A[i,j]=A[j,i] \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u0647\u0631 \u062f\u0648 \u0631\u0627\u0633\u06cc \u0628\u0631\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0633\u062a. \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u0648\u06cc\u0698\u06af\u06cc \u0645\u0648\u062c\u0628 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u0634\u0648\u062f \u06a9\u0647 \u0645\u0627\u062a\u0631\u06cc\u0633 \u0645\u062c\u0627\u0648\u0631\u062a \u06cc\u06a9 \u06af\u0631\u0627\u0641 \u0628\u06cc\u200c\u062c\u0647\u062a \u0647\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0631\u0647 \u0645\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0646 \u0628\u0627\u0634\u062f.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u0646\u062d\u0648\u0647 \u0633\u0627\u062e\u062a \u0648 \u06a9\u0627\u0631 \u0628\u0627 \u0645\u0627\u062a\u0631\u06cc\u0633 \u0645\u062c\u0627\u0648\u0631\u062a \u06af\u0631\u0627\u0641 \u0628\u06cc\u200c\u062c\u0647\u062a \u062f\u0631 \u067e\u0627\u06cc\u062a\u0648\u0646<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0647\u0645\u0627\u0646\u200c\u0637\u0648\u0631 \u06a9\u0647 \u0641\u0647\u0645\u06cc\u062f\u06cc\u062f\u060c \u06cc\u06a9\u06cc \u0627\u0632 \u0631\u0627\u0647\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0646\u0645\u0627\u06cc\u0634 \u06af\u0631\u0627\u0641 \u062f\u0631 \u06a9\u0627\u0645\u067e\u06cc\u0648\u062a\u0631 \u0645\u0627\u062a\u0631\u06cc\u0633 \u0645\u062c\u0627\u0648\u0631\u062a \u0627\u0633\u062a. \u062f\u0631 \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u0628\u062e\u0634 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u062e\u0648\u0627\u0647\u06cc\u0645 \u0645\u0627\u062a\u0631\u06cc\u0633 \u0645\u062c\u0627\u0648\u0631\u062a \u06af\u0631\u0627\u0641\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0628\u06cc\u200c\u062c\u0647\u062a \u0631\u0627 \u0628\u0633\u0627\u0632\u06cc\u0645. \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u0645\u0646\u0638\u0648\u0631 \u06cc\u06a9 \u06a9\u0644\u0627\u0633 \u0628\u0647 \u0646\u0627\u0645 Graph \u0627\u06cc\u062c\u0627\u062f \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u0645. \u062f\u0631 \u0645\u062a\u062f __init__ \u062a\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062f \u0631\u0627\u0633\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u06af\u0631\u0627\u0641<a> <\/a>(num_vertices) \u0631\u0627 \u0628\u0647\u200c\u0639\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0646 \u0648\u0631\u0648\u062f\u06cc \u062a\u0639\u06cc\u06cc\u0646 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u0645 \u0648 \u0645\u0627\u062a\u0631\u06cc\u0633 \u0645\u062c\u0627\u0648\u0631\u062a \u0631\u0627 \u0628\u0627 \u0627\u0628\u0639\u0627\u062f num_vertices \u00d7 num_vertices \u0627\u06cc\u062c\u0627\u062f \u0648 \u0622\u0646 \u0631\u0627 \u0628\u0627 \u0635\u0641\u0631 \u067e\u0631 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u0645. \u0645\u062a\u062f add_edge \u0631\u0627 \u0646\u06cc\u0632 \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u0627\u0641\u0632\u0648\u062f\u0646 \u06cc\u0627\u0644\u200c\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u06cc\u0646 \u0631\u0627\u0633\u200c\u0647\u0627 \u062a\u0639\u0631\u06cc\u0641 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u0645 \u06a9\u0647 \u0631\u0627\u0633\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0645\u0628\u062f\u0627 \u0648 \u0645\u0642\u0635\u062f \u06cc\u0627\u0644 \u0631\u0627 \u0628\u0647\u200c\u0639\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0646 \u0648\u0631\u0648\u062f\u06cc \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u067e\u0630\u06cc\u0631\u062f.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u062f\u0642\u062a \u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u062f \u06a9\u0647 \u0686\u0648\u0646 \u062f\u0631 \u062d\u0627\u0644 \u0633\u0627\u062e\u062a \u0645\u0627\u062a\u0631\u06cc\u0633 \u0645\u062c\u0627\u0648\u0631\u062a \u06af\u0631\u0627\u0641\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0628\u06cc\u200c\u062c\u0647\u062a \u0647\u0633\u062a\u06cc\u0645\u060c \u06cc\u0627\u0644\u200c\u0647\u0627 \u0631\u0627 \u0647\u0645 \u062f\u0631 \u062e\u0627\u0646\u0647 \u0645\u0631\u0628\u0648\u0637 \u0628\u0647 \u0631\u0627\u0633 \u0645\u0628\u062f\u0627 \u0648 \u0645\u0642\u0635\u062f \u0648 \u0647\u0645 \u062f\u0631 \u062e\u0627\u0646\u0647 \u0645\u062a\u0646\u0627\u0638\u0631 \u06a9\u0647 \u0645\u0631\u0628\u0648\u0637 \u0628\u0647 \u0631\u0627\u0633 \u0645\u0642\u0635\u062f \u0648 \u0645\u0628\u062f\u0627 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u060c \u0628\u0647 \u0645\u0627\u062a\u0631\u06cc\u0633 \u0627\u0636\u0627\u0641\u0647 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u0645. \u062f\u0631 \u067e\u0627\u06cc\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u062a\u062f display \u0631\u0627 \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u0686\u0627\u067e \u0645\u0627\u062a\u0631\u06cc\u0633 \u0645\u062c\u0627\u0648\u0631\u062a \u062a\u0639\u0631\u06cc\u0641 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u0645:<\/p>\n\n\n<p style=\"direction:ltr;text-align:left!important\">\n<code>class Graph:<\/code><br \/>\n<code>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;def __init__(self, num_vertices):<\/code><br \/>\n<code>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span style=\"color:green\"># Initialize the graph with a specified number of vertices<\/span><\/code><br \/>\n<code>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;self.num_vertices = num_vertices<\/code><br \/>\n<code>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span style=\"color:green\"># Create an adjacency matrix to represent the graph, initialized to all zeros<\/span><\/code><br \/>\n<code>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;self.adj_matrix = [[0] * num_vertices for _ in range(num_vertices)]<\/code><br \/>\n<code>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;def add_edge(self, from_vertex, to_vertex, weight=1):<\/code><br \/>\n<code>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span style=\"color:green\"># Add an edge between 'from_vertex' and 'to_vertex' with the specified weight<\/span><\/code><br \/>\n<code>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;self.adj_matrix[from_vertex][to_vertex] = weight<\/code><br \/>\n<code>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;self.adj_matrix[to_vertex][from_vertex] = weight<\/code><br \/>\n<code>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;def display(self):<\/code><br \/>\n<code>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span style=\"color:green\"># Display the adjacency matrix row by row<\/span><\/code><br \/>\n<code>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;for row in self.adj_matrix:<\/code><br \/>\n<code>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;print(row)<\/code><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u062f\u0631 \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u06a9\u0644\u0627\u0633\u060c \u0648\u0632\u0646 \u067e\u06cc\u0634\u200c\u0641\u0631\u0636 \u06cc\u0627\u0644\u200c\u0647\u0627 \u062f\u0631 \u0645\u062a\u062f add_edge \u0628\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0631 \u0628\u0627 \u06f1 \u062a\u0639\u06cc\u06cc\u0646 \u0634\u062f\u0647 \u0627\u0633\u062a. \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u0628\u062f\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u0639\u0646\u0627 \u0627\u0633\u062a \u06a9\u0647 \u0627\u06af\u0631 \u06af\u0631\u0627\u0641\u06cc \u06a9\u0647 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u062e\u0648\u0627\u0647\u06cc\u0645 \u0622\u0646 \u0631\u0627 \u0631\u0633\u0645 \u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u0645 \u0628\u062f\u0648\u0646 \u0648\u0632\u0646 \u0628\u0627\u0634\u062f\u060c \u0646\u06cc\u0627\u0632\u06cc \u0628\u0647 \u062a\u063a\u06cc\u06cc\u0631 \u0648\u0631\u0648\u062f\u06cc weight \u0646\u062f\u0627\u0631\u06cc\u0645 \u0648 \u062a\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0627 \u062a\u0639\u06cc\u06cc\u0646 \u0631\u0626\u0648\u0633 \u06cc\u0627\u0644 \u0645\u0648\u0631\u062f \u0646\u0638\u0631 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u0627\u062a\u0631\u06cc\u0633 \u0645\u062c\u0627\u0648\u0631\u062a \u06af\u0631\u0627\u0641 \u0631\u0627 \u062a\u0634\u06a9\u06cc\u0644 \u062f\u0627\u062f \u0648 \u0627\u0632 \u0622\u0646 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u06a9\u0631\u062f. \u0628\u0647\u200c\u0639\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644\u060c \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u062a\u0639\u0631\u06cc\u0641 \u06cc\u06a9 \u06af\u0631\u0627\u0641 \u0628\u062f\u0648\u0646 \u0648\u0632\u0646 \u0628\u0647 \u0634\u06a9\u0644 \u0632\u06cc\u0631 \u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u0645:<\/p>\n\n\n<p style=\"direction:ltr;text-align:left!important\">\n<code><span style=\"color:green\"># Create an unweighted graph with 4 vertices (Nodes)<\/span><\/code><br \/>\n<code>unweighted_graph = Graph(4)<\/code>\n<\/p>\n<p style=\"direction:ltr;text-align:left!important\">\n<code><span style=\"color:green\"># Add edges<\/span><\/code><br \/>\n<code>unweighted_graph.add_edge(0, 1)<\/code><br \/>\n<code>unweighted_graph.add_edge(0, 2)<\/code><br \/>\n<code>unweighted_graph.add_edge(1, 3)<\/code><br \/>\n<code>unweighted_graph.add_edge(2, 3)<\/code>\n<\/p>\n<p style=\"direction:ltr;text-align:left!important\">\n<code><span style=\"color:green\"># Display the adjacency matrix<\/span><\/code><br \/>\n<code>print(\"Adjacency Matrix:\")<\/code><br \/>\n<code>unweighted_graph.display()<\/code>\n<\/p>\n<p style=\"direction:ltr;text-align:left!important\">\n<strong>Adjacency Matrix:<\/strong><br \/>\n[0, 1, 1, 0]<br \/>\n[1, 0, 0, 1]<br \/>\n[1, 0, 0, 1]<br \/>\n[0, 1, 1, 0]<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0627\u06af\u0631 \u0628\u062e\u0648\u0627\u0647\u06cc\u0645 \u06af\u0631\u0627\u0641 \u0648\u0632\u0646\u200c\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0628\u0633\u0627\u0632\u06cc\u0645\u060c \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0646\u06cc\u0645 \u0648\u0632\u0646 \u06cc\u0627\u0644\u200c\u0647\u0627 \u0631\u0627 \u0628\u0647 \u0639\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0646 \u0648\u0631\u0648\u062f\u06cc \u0628\u0647 \u0645\u062a\u062f add_edge \u0628\u062f\u0647\u06cc\u0645:<\/p>\n\n\n<p style=\"direction:ltr;text-align:left!important\">\n<code><span style=\"color:green\"># Create a weighted graph with 4 vertices (Nodes)<\/span><\/code><br \/>\n<code>weighted_graph = Graph(4)<\/code>\n<\/p>\n<p style=\"direction:ltr;text-align:left!important\">\n<code><span style=\"color:green\"># Add edges<\/span><\/code><br \/>\n<code>weighted_graph.add_edge(0, 1, weight=3)<\/code><br \/>\n<code>weighted_graph.add_edge(0, 2, weight=4)<\/code><br \/>\n<code>weighted_graph.add_edge(1, 3, weight=5)<\/code><br \/>\n<code>weighted_graph.add_edge(2, 3, weight=2)<\/code>\n<\/p>\n<p style=\"direction:ltr;text-align:left!important\">\n<code><span style=\"color:green\"># Display the adjacency matrix<\/span><\/code><br \/>\n<code>print(\"Adjacency Matrix:\")<\/code><br \/>\n<code>weighted_graph.display()<\/code>\n<\/p>\n<p style=\"direction:ltr;text-align:left!important\">\n<strong>Adjacency Matrix:<\/strong><br \/>\n[0, 3, 4, 0]<br \/>\n[3, 0, 0, 5]<br \/>\n[4, 0, 0, 2]<br \/>\n[0, 5, 2, 0]<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u0645\u0627\u062a\u0631\u06cc\u0633 \u0645\u062c\u0627\u0648\u0631\u062a \u062f\u0631 \u06af\u0631\u0627\u0641\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u062c\u0647\u062a\u200c\u062f\u0627\u0631<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0641\u0631\u0636 \u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u062f \u06cc\u06a9 \u06af\u0631\u0627\u0641 \u0628\u062f\u0648\u0646 \u0648\u0632\u0646 \u0648 \u062c\u0647\u062a\u200c\u062f\u0627\u0631 G \u062f\u0627\u0631\u06cc\u0645 \u06a9\u0647 \u0634\u0627\u0645\u0644 n \u0631\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0633\u062a. \u0645\u0627\u062a\u0631\u06cc\u0633 \u0645\u062c\u0627\u0648\u0631\u062a \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u06af\u0631\u0627\u0641\u060c \u0645\u062c\u062f\u062f\u0627 \u06cc\u06a9 \u0645\u0627\u062a\u0631\u06cc\u0633 \u0645\u0631\u0628\u0639\u06cc n\u00d7n \u0627\u0633\u062a \u06a9\u0647 \u0628\u0647\u200c\u0635\u0648\u0631\u062a \u0632\u06cc\u0631 \u062a\u0639\u0631\u06cc\u0641 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u0634\u0648\u062f:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u0647\u0631 \u0633\u0637\u0631 \u0648 \u0633\u062a\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u0645\u0627\u062a\u0631\u06cc\u0633 \u0645\u0631\u0628\u0648\u0637 \u0628\u0647 \u06cc\u06a9 \u0631\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0632 \u06af\u0631\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0633\u062a.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0627\u06af\u0631 \u0627\u0632 \u0631\u0627\u0633 i \u0628\u0647 \u0631\u0627\u0633 j \u06cc\u0627\u0644\u06cc \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u062f\u0627\u0634\u062a\u0647 \u0628\u0627\u0634\u062f\u060c \u062a\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u062f\u0631 \u062e\u0627\u0646\u0647\u200c (i,j) \u0645\u0627\u062a\u0631\u06cc\u0633 \u0645\u062c\u0627\u0648\u0631\u062a \u0645\u0642\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u06f1 \u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u06af\u06cc\u0631\u062f.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0627\u06af\u0631 \u0627\u0632 \u0631\u0627\u0633 i \u0628\u0647 \u0631\u0627\u0633 j \u06cc\u0627\u0644\u06cc \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u0646\u062f\u0627\u0634\u062a\u0647 \u0628\u0627\u0634\u062f\u060c \u062a\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u062f\u0631 \u062e\u0627\u0646\u0647\u200c (i,j) \u0645\u0627\u062a\u0631\u06cc\u0633 \u0645\u062c\u0627\u0648\u0631\u062a \u0645\u0642\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u06f0 \u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u06af\u06cc\u0631\u062f.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter size-full is-resized\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/cafetadris.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/image-74.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-18156\" width=\"664\" height=\"362\" srcset=\"https:\/\/cafetadris.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/image-74.png 851w, https:\/\/cafetadris.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/image-74-300x164.png 300w, https:\/\/cafetadris.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/image-74-768x420.png 768w, https:\/\/cafetadris.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/image-74-585x320.png 585w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 664px) 100vw, 664px\" \/><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n<p>\u062d\u0627\u0644 \u0641\u0631\u0636 \u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u062f \u06cc\u06a9 \u06af\u0631\u0627\u0641 \u0648\u0632\u0646\u200c\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0648 \u062c\u0647\u062a\u200c\u062f\u0627\u0631 G \u062f\u0627\u0631\u06cc\u0645 \u06a9\u0647 \u0634\u0627\u0645\u0644 n \u0631\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0633\u062a. \u0645\u0627\u062a\u0631\u06cc\u0633 \u0645\u062c\u0627\u0648\u0631\u062a \u06af\u0631\u0627\u0641 G \u06cc\u06a9 \u0645\u0627\u062a\u0631\u06cc\u0633 \u0645\u0631\u0628\u0639\u06cc \u0628\u0627 \u0627\u0628\u0639\u0627\u062f n\u00d7n \u0627\u0633\u062a \u06a9\u0647 \u0628\u0647 \u0635\u0648\u0631\u062a \u0632\u06cc\u0631 \u062a\u0639\u0631\u06cc\u0641 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u0634\u0648\u062f:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u0647\u0631 \u0633\u0637\u0631 \u0648 \u0633\u062a\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u0645\u0627\u062a\u0631\u06cc\u0633 \u0645\u0631\u0628\u0648\u0637 \u0628\u0647 \u06cc\u06a9 \u0631\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0632 \u06af\u0631\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0633\u062a.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0627\u06af\u0631 \u0628\u06cc\u0646 \u0631\u0626\u0648\u0633 i \u0648 j \u06cc\u0627\u0644\u06cc \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u062f\u0627\u0634\u062a\u0647 \u0628\u0627\u0634\u062f\u060c \u062a\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u062f\u0631 \u062e\u0627\u0646\u0647\u200c (i,j) \u0645\u0627\u062a\u0631\u06cc\u0633 \u0645\u062c\u0627\u0648\u0631\u062a \u0648\u0632\u0646 \u0622\u0646 \u06cc\u0627\u0644 \u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u06af\u06cc\u0631\u062f.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0627\u06af\u0631 \u0628\u06cc\u0646 \u0631\u0626\u0648\u0633 i \u0648 j \u06cc\u0627\u0644\u06cc \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u0646\u062f\u0627\u0634\u062a\u0647 \u0628\u0627\u0634\u062f\u060c \u062a\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u062f\u0631 \u062e\u0627\u0646\u0647\u200c (i,j) \u0645\u0627\u062a\u0631\u06cc\u0633 \u0645\u062c\u0627\u0648\u0631\u062a \u0645\u0642\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u06f0 \u06cc\u0627 \u0628\u06cc\u200c\u0646\u0647\u0627\u06cc\u062a \u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u06af\u06cc\u0631\u062f.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter size-full is-resized\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/cafetadris.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/image-75.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-18157\" width=\"670\" height=\"373\" srcset=\"https:\/\/cafetadris.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/image-75.png 880w, https:\/\/cafetadris.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/image-75-300x167.png 300w, https:\/\/cafetadris.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/image-75-768x428.png 768w, https:\/\/cafetadris.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/image-75-585x326.png 585w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 670px) 100vw, 670px\" \/><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u0639\u062f\u0645 \u062a\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0646 \u062f\u0631 \u0645\u0627\u062a\u0631\u06cc\u0633\u200c \u0645\u062c\u0627\u0648\u0631\u062a \u06af\u0631\u0627\u0641 \u062c\u0647\u062a\u200c\u062f\u0627\u0631<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p>\u062f\u0631 \u06af\u0631\u0627\u0641\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u062c\u0647\u062a\u200c\u062f\u0627\u0631 (Directed Graphs)\u060c \u0647\u0631 \u06cc\u0627\u0644 \u062f\u0627\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u062c\u0647\u062a \u062e\u0627\u0635\u06cc \u0627\u0633\u062a\u060c \u06cc\u0639\u0646\u06cc \u0627\u06af\u0631 \u06cc\u0627\u0644\u06cc \u0627\u0632 \u0631\u0627\u0633 i \u0628\u0647 \u0631\u0627\u0633 j \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u062f\u0627\u0634\u062a\u0647 \u0628\u0627\u0634\u062f\u060c \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u0644\u0632\u0648\u0645\u0627\u064b \u0628\u0647 \u0645\u0639\u0646\u0627\u06cc \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u06cc\u0627\u0644\u06cc \u0627\u0632 \u0631\u0627\u0633 j \u0628\u0647 \u0631\u0627\u0633 i \u0646\u06cc\u0633\u062a. \u0628\u0646\u0627\u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u0647\u0645\u0627\u0646\u200c\u0637\u0648\u0631 \u06a9\u0647 \u062f\u0631 \u062a\u0648\u0636\u06cc\u062d\u0627\u062a \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0627 \u0627\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0647 \u0634\u062f\u060c \u0645\u0627\u062a\u0631\u06cc\u0633 \u0645\u062c\u0627\u0648\u0631\u062a \u062f\u0631 \u06af\u0631\u0627\u0641\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u062c\u0647\u062a\u200c\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u0639\u0645\u0648\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0645\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0646 \u0646\u06cc\u0633\u062a \u0648 \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u06cc\u0639\u0646\u06cc \u0631\u0627\u0628\u0637\u0647 A[i,j]=A[j,i] \u0644\u0632\u0648\u0645\u0627 \u062f\u0631 \u0622\u0646 \u0628\u0631\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0646\u0645\u06cc\u200c\u0628\u0627\u0634\u062f.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u0646\u062d\u0648\u0647 \u0633\u0627\u062e\u062a \u0648 \u06a9\u0627\u0631 \u0628\u0627 \u0645\u0627\u062a\u0631\u06cc\u0633 \u0645\u062c\u0627\u0648\u0631\u062a \u06af\u0631\u0627\u0641 \u062c\u0647\u062a\u200c\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u062f\u0631 \u067e\u0627\u06cc\u062a\u0648\u0646<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p>\u062f\u0631 \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u0628\u062e\u0634 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u062e\u0648\u0627\u0647\u06cc\u0645 \u0645\u0627\u062a\u0631\u06cc\u0633 \u0645\u062c\u0627\u0648\u0631\u062a \u06af\u0631\u0627\u0641\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u062c\u0647\u062a\u200c\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0631\u0627 \u0628\u0633\u0627\u0632\u06cc\u0645. \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u0645\u0646\u0638\u0648\u0631 \u06cc\u06a9 \u06a9\u0644\u0627\u0633 \u0628\u0647 \u0646\u0627\u0645 DirectedGraph \u0627\u06cc\u062c\u0627\u062f \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u0645. \u062f\u0631 \u0645\u062a\u062f __init__ \u062a\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062f \u0631\u0627\u0633\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u06af\u0631\u0627\u0641 (num_vertices) \u0631\u0627 \u0628\u0647\u200c\u0639\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0646 \u0648\u0631\u0648\u062f\u06cc \u062a\u0639\u06cc\u06cc\u0646 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u0645 \u0648 \u0645\u0627\u062a\u0631\u06cc\u0633 \u0645\u062c\u0627\u0648\u0631\u062a \u0631\u0627 \u0628\u0627 \u0627\u0628\u0639\u0627\u062f num_vertices \u00d7 num_vertices \u0627\u06cc\u062c\u0627\u062f \u0648 \u0622\u0646 \u0631\u0627 \u0628\u0627 \u0635\u0641\u0631 \u067e\u0631 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u0645. \u0645\u062a\u062f add_edge \u0631\u0627 \u0646\u06cc\u0632 \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u0627\u0641\u0632\u0648\u062f\u0646 \u06cc\u0627\u0644\u200c\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u06cc\u0646 \u0631\u0627\u0633\u200c\u0647\u0627 \u062a\u0639\u0631\u06cc\u0641 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u0645 \u06a9\u0647 \u0631\u0627\u0633\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0645\u0628\u062f\u0627 \u0648 \u0645\u0642\u0635\u062f \u06cc\u0627\u0644 \u0631\u0627 \u0628\u0647\u200c\u0639\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0646 \u0648\u0631\u0648\u062f\u06cc \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u067e\u0630\u06cc\u0631\u062f. \u062f\u0642\u062a \u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u062f \u06a9\u0647 \u0686\u0648\u0646 \u062f\u0631 \u062d\u0627\u0644 \u0633\u0627\u062e\u062a \u0645\u0627\u062a\u0631\u06cc\u0633 \u0645\u062c\u0627\u0648\u0631\u062a \u06af\u0631\u0627\u0641\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u062c\u0647\u062a\u200c\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0647\u0633\u062a\u06cc\u0645\u060c \u062f\u0631 \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u0645\u062a\u062f \u06cc\u0627\u0644\u200c\u0647\u0627 \u0631\u0627 \u0641\u0642\u0637 \u062f\u0631 \u062c\u0647\u062a \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u06cc\u0645 \u0628\u0647 \u0645\u0627\u062a\u0631\u06cc\u0633 \u0627\u0636\u0627\u0641\u0647 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u0645 \u0648 \u062f\u06cc\u06af\u0631 \u062f\u0631 \u062c\u0647\u062a \u0645\u0639\u06a9\u0648\u0633 (\u0627\u0632 \u0631\u0627\u0633 \u0645\u0642\u0635\u062f \u0628\u0647 \u0645\u0628\u062f\u0627) \u06cc\u0627\u0644\u06cc \u0628\u0647 \u0645\u0627\u062a\u0631\u06cc\u0633 \u0627\u0636\u0627\u0641\u0647 \u0646\u0645\u06cc\u200c\u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u0645. \u062f\u0631 \u067e\u0627\u06cc\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u062a\u062f display \u0631\u0627 \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u0686\u0627\u067e \u0645\u0627\u062a\u0631\u06cc\u0633 \u0645\u062c\u0627\u0648\u0631\u062a \u062a\u0639\u0631\u06cc\u0641 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u0645:<\/p>\n\n\n<p style=\"direction:ltr;text-align:left!important\">\n<code>class DirectedGraph:<\/code><br \/>\n<code>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;def __init__(self, num_vertices):<\/code><br \/>\n<code>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span style=\"color:green\"># Initialize the graph with a specified number of vertices<\/span><\/code><br \/>\n<code>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;self.num_vertices = num_vertices<\/code><br \/>\n<code>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span style=\"color:green\"># Create an adjacency matrix to represent the graph, initialized to all zeros<\/span><\/code><br \/>\n<code>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;self.adj_matrix = [[0] * num_vertices for _ in range(num_vertices)]<\/code><br \/>\n<code>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;def add_edge(self, from_vertex, to_vertex, weight=1):<\/code><br \/>\n<code>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span style=\"color:green\"># Add a directed edge from 'from_vertex' to 'to_vertex' with the specified weight<\/span><\/code><br \/>\n<code>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;self.adj_matrix[from_vertex][to_vertex] = weight<\/code><br \/>\n<code>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;def display(self):<\/code><br \/>\n<code>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span style=\"color:green\"># Display the adjacency matrix row by row<\/span><\/code><br \/>\n<code>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;for row in self.adj_matrix:<\/code><br \/>\n<code>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;print(row)<\/code><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u062f\u0631 \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u06a9\u0644\u0627\u0633 \u0646\u06cc\u0632 \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u062a\u0639\u0631\u06cc\u0641 \u06cc\u06a9 \u06af\u0631\u0627\u0641 \u0628\u062f\u0648\u0646 \u0648\u0632\u0646 \u0646\u06cc\u0627\u0632\u06cc \u0628\u0647 \u062a\u063a\u06cc\u06cc\u0631 \u0648\u0631\u0648\u062f\u06cc weight \u0646\u062f\u0627\u0631\u06cc\u0645 \u0648 \u0628\u0647 \u0634\u06a9\u0644 \u0632\u06cc\u0631 \u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u0645:<\/p>\n\n\n<p style=\"direction:ltr;text-align:left!important\">\n<code><span style=\"color:green\"># Create a directed graph with 4 vertices (Nodes)<\/span><\/code><br \/>\n<code>unweighted_graph = DirectedGraph(4)<\/code>\n<\/p>\n<p style=\"direction:ltr;text-align:left!important\">\n<code><span style=\"color:green\"># Add edges<\/span><\/code><br \/>\n<code>unweighted_graph.add_edge(0, 1)<\/code><br \/>\n<code>unweighted_graph.add_edge(1, 0)<\/code><br \/>\n<code>unweighted_graph.add_edge(1, 3)<\/code><br \/>\n<code>unweighted_graph.add_edge(3, 2)<\/code>\n<\/p>\n<p style=\"direction:ltr;text-align:left!important\">\n<code><span style=\"color:green\"># Display the adjacency matrix<\/span><\/code><br \/>\n<code>print(\"Adjacency Matrix:\")<\/code><br \/>\n<code>unweighted_graph.display()<\/code>\n<\/p>\n<p style=\"direction:ltr;text-align:left!important\">\n<strong>Adjacency Matrix:<\/strong><br \/>\n[0, 1, 0, 0]<br \/>\n[1, 0, 0, 1]<br \/>\n[0, 0, 0, 0]<br \/>\n[0, 0, 1, 0]<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0647\u0645\u0686\u0646\u06cc\u0646 \u0627\u06af\u0631 \u0628\u062e\u0648\u0627\u0647\u06cc\u0645 \u06af\u0631\u0627\u0641 \u0648\u0632\u0646\u200c\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0628\u0633\u0627\u0632\u06cc\u0645\u060c \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0646\u06cc\u0645 \u0648\u0632\u0646 \u06cc\u0627\u0644\u200c\u0647\u0627 \u0631\u0627 \u0628\u0647 \u0639\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0646 \u0648\u0631\u0648\u062f\u06cc \u0628\u0647 \u0645\u062a\u062f add_edge \u0628\u062f\u0647\u06cc\u0645:<\/p>\n\n\n<p style=\"direction:ltr;text-align:left!important\">\n<code><span style=\"color:green\"># Create a weighted directed graph with 4 vertices (Nodes)<\/span><\/code><br \/>\n<code>weighted_graph = DirectedGraph(4)<\/code>\n<\/p>\n<p style=\"direction:ltr;text-align:left!important\">\n<code><span style=\"color:green\"># Add edges<\/span><\/code><br \/>\n<code>weighted_graph.add_edge(0, 1, weight=3)<\/code><br \/>\n<code>weighted_graph.add_edge(1, 0, weight=4)<\/code><br \/>\n<code>weighted_graph.add_edge(1, 3, weight=5)<\/code><br \/>\n<code>weighted_graph.add_edge(2, 3, weight=2)<\/code><br \/>\n<code>weighted_graph.add_edge(3, 2, weight=-1)<\/code>\n<\/p>\n<p style=\"direction:ltr;text-align:left!important\">\n<code><span style=\"color:green\"># Display the adjacency matrix<\/span><\/code><br \/>\n<code>print(\"Adjacency Matrix:\")<\/code><br \/>\n<code>weighted_graph.display()<\/code>\n<\/p>\n<p style=\"direction:ltr;text-align:left!important\">\n<strong>Adjacency Matrix:<\/strong><br \/>\n[0, 3, 0, 0]<br \/>\n[4, 0, 0, 5]<br \/>\n[0, 0, 0, 2]<br \/>\n[0, 0, -1, 0]<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u0627\u0647\u0645\u06cc\u062a \u062a\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0646 \u062f\u0631 \u0645\u0627\u062a\u0631\u06cc\u0633 \u0645\u062c\u0627\u0648\u0631\u062a<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0646 \u062f\u0631 \u0645\u0627\u062a\u0631\u06cc\u0633 \u0645\u062c\u0627\u0648\u0631\u062a \u06cc\u06a9\u06cc \u0627\u0632 \u0648\u06cc\u0698\u06af\u06cc\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0645\u0647\u0645 \u0648 \u0627\u0633\u0627\u0633\u06cc \u062f\u0631 \u0646\u0638\u0631\u06cc\u0647 \u06af\u0631\u0627\u0641\u200c\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0633\u062a. \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u0648\u06cc\u0698\u06af\u06cc \u062a\u0623\u062b\u06cc\u0631 \u0628\u0633\u0632\u0627\u06cc\u06cc \u062f\u0631 \u062a\u062d\u0644\u06cc\u0644 \u0648 \u062f\u0631\u06a9 \u0633\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0627\u0631 \u06af\u0631\u0627\u0641\u200c\u0647\u0627 \u062f\u0627\u0631\u062f \u0648 \u0646\u0642\u0634 \u06a9\u0644\u06cc\u062f\u06cc \u062f\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u06af\u0648\u0631\u06cc\u062a\u0645\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641 \u0627\u06cc\u0641\u0627 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u06a9\u0646\u062f. \u062f\u0631 \u0627\u062f\u0627\u0645\u0647 \u0628\u0647 \u0628\u0631\u062e\u06cc \u0627\u0632 \u062f\u0644\u0627\u06cc\u0644 \u0627\u0647\u0645\u06cc\u062a \u062a\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0646 \u062f\u0631 \u0645\u0627\u062a\u0631\u06cc\u0633 \u0645\u062c\u0627\u0648\u0631\u062a \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u067e\u0631\u062f\u0627\u0632\u06cc\u0645:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u0633\u0627\u062f\u0647\u200c\u0633\u0627\u0632\u06cc \u062a\u062d\u0644\u06cc\u0644 \u06af\u0631\u0627\u0641\u200c\u0647\u0627<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p>&nbsp;\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0646 \u0645\u0627\u062a\u0631\u06cc\u0633 \u0645\u062c\u0627\u0648\u0631\u062a \u062f\u0631 \u06af\u0631\u0627\u0641\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0628\u062f\u0648\u0646 \u062c\u0647\u062a \u0628\u0627\u0639\u062b \u0633\u0627\u062f\u0647\u200c\u062a\u0631 \u0634\u062f\u0646 \u062a\u062d\u0644\u06cc\u0644 \u0648 \u0627\u0644\u06af\u0648\u0631\u06cc\u062a\u0645\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u06af\u0631\u0627\u0641 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u0634\u0648\u062f. \u0632\u06cc\u0631\u0627 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0632 \u062e\u0627\u0635\u06cc\u062a \u0645\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0646 \u0628\u0648\u062f\u0646 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u06a9\u0631\u062f \u062a\u0627 \u0628\u0631\u062e\u06cc \u0645\u062d\u0627\u0633\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0631\u0627 \u0628\u0647 \u0646\u0635\u0641 \u06a9\u0627\u0647\u0634 \u062f\u0627\u062f.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u062a\u0634\u062e\u06cc\u0635 \u0646\u0648\u0639 \u06af\u0631\u0627\u0641<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0628\u0627 \u0628\u0631\u0631\u0633\u06cc \u062a\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0646 \u0645\u0627\u062a\u0631\u06cc\u0633 \u0645\u062c\u0627\u0648\u0631\u062a\u060c \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0646 \u0628\u0647\u200c\u0631\u0627\u062d\u062a\u06cc \u0646\u0648\u0639 \u06af\u0631\u0627\u0641 \u0631\u0627 \u062a\u0634\u062e\u06cc\u0635 \u062f\u0627\u062f. \u0627\u06af\u0631 \u0645\u0627\u062a\u0631\u06cc\u0633 \u0645\u062c\u0627\u0648\u0631\u062a \u06cc\u06a9 \u06af\u0631\u0627\u0641 \u0645\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0646 \u0628\u0627\u0634\u062f\u060c \u06af\u0631\u0627\u0641 \u0628\u06cc\u200c\u062c\u0647\u062a \u0627\u0633\u062a \u0648 \u0627\u06af\u0631 \u063a\u06cc\u0631 \u0645\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0646 \u0628\u0627\u0634\u062f\u060c \u06af\u0631\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u062d\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0644\u0627\u064b \u062c\u0647\u062a\u200c\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0633\u062a.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u0635\u0631\u0641\u0647\u200c\u062c\u0648\u06cc\u06cc \u062f\u0631 \u062d\u0627\u0641\u0638\u0647<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p>\u062f\u0631 \u067e\u06cc\u0627\u062f\u0647\u200c\u0633\u0627\u0632\u06cc\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0639\u0645\u0644\u06cc\u060c \u062a\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0646 \u062f\u0631 \u0645\u0627\u062a\u0631\u06cc\u0633 \u0645\u062c\u0627\u0648\u0631\u062a \u0628\u0647 \u0635\u0631\u0641\u0647\u200c\u062c\u0648\u06cc\u06cc \u062f\u0631 \u062d\u0627\u0641\u0638\u0647 \u06a9\u0645\u06a9 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u06a9\u0646\u062f. \u0627\u0632 \u0622\u0646\u062c\u0627 \u06a9\u0647 \u0645\u0627\u062a\u0631\u06cc\u0633 \u0645\u062c\u0627\u0648\u0631\u062a \u0645\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0646 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u060c \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0646 \u062a\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0646\u06cc\u0645\u06cc \u0627\u0632 \u0645\u0627\u062a\u0631\u06cc\u0633 (\u0646\u06cc\u0645\u0647 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0627 \u06cc\u0627 \u067e\u0627\u06cc\u06cc\u0646) \u0631\u0627 \u0630\u062e\u06cc\u0631\u0647 \u06a9\u0631\u062f \u0648 \u062f\u0631 \u0635\u0648\u0631\u062a \u0646\u06cc\u0627\u0632\u060c \u0646\u06cc\u0645\u0647 \u062f\u06cc\u06af\u0631 \u0631\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0632\u0633\u0627\u0632\u06cc \u06a9\u0631\u062f. \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u0645\u0648\u0636\u0648\u0639 \u0628\u0647\u200c\u0648\u06cc\u0698\u0647 \u062f\u0631 \u06af\u0631\u0627\u0641\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0628\u0632\u0631\u06af \u0628\u0627 \u062a\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062f \u0632\u06cc\u0627\u062f\u06cc \u0631\u0627\u0633 \u0648 \u06cc\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0647\u0645\u06cc\u062a \u062f\u0627\u0631\u062f.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u0639\u0645\u0644\u06cc\u0627\u062a\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0645\u0647\u0645 \u0628\u0627 \u0645\u0627\u062a\u0631\u06cc\u0633 \u0645\u062c\u0627\u0648\u0631\u062a<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0639\u0645\u0644\u06cc\u0627\u062a\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u06cc \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0646\u0646\u062f \u0628\u0627 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0627\u0632 \u0645\u0627\u062a\u0631\u06cc\u0633 \u0645\u062c\u0627\u0648\u0631\u062a \u0627\u0646\u062c\u0627\u0645 \u0634\u0648\u0646\u062f \u06a9\u0647 \u0647\u0631 \u06cc\u06a9 \u0627\u0632 \u0622\u0646\u200c\u0647\u0627 \u062f\u0631 \u06a9\u0627\u0631\u0628\u0631\u062f\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0639\u0645\u0644\u06cc \u0648 \u062a\u0626\u0648\u0631\u06cc \u0627\u0647\u0645\u06cc\u062a \u0648\u06cc\u0698\u0647\u200c\u0627\u06cc \u062f\u0627\u0631\u0646\u062f. \u062f\u0631 \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u0642\u0633\u0645\u062a \u0628\u0647 \u0628\u0631\u0631\u0633\u06cc \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u06cc\u0627\u062a\u200c\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u067e\u0631\u062f\u0627\u0632\u06cc\u0645:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u067e\u06cc\u062f\u0627 \u06a9\u0631\u062f\u0646 \u0647\u0645\u0633\u0627\u06cc\u06af\u0627\u0646 \u06cc\u06a9 \u0631\u0627\u0633<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u067e\u06cc\u062f\u0627 \u06a9\u0631\u062f\u0646 \u0647\u0645\u0633\u0627\u06cc\u06af\u0627\u0646 \u06cc\u06a9 \u0631\u0627\u0633 V \u062f\u0631 \u06cc\u06a9 \u06af\u0631\u0627\u0641 \u0628\u062f\u0648\u0646 \u0648\u0632\u0646\u060c \u06a9\u0627\u0641\u06cc \u0627\u0633\u062a \u0633\u0637\u0631 V \u0631\u0627 \u062f\u0631 \u0645\u0627\u062a\u0631\u06cc\u0633 \u0645\u062c\u0627\u0648\u0631\u062a \u0628\u0631\u0631\u0633\u06cc \u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u0645. \u0633\u062a\u0648\u0646\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc\u06cc \u06a9\u0647 \u0645\u0642\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u06f1 \u062f\u0627\u0631\u0646\u062f \u0646\u0634\u0627\u0646\u200c\u062f\u0647\u0646\u062f\u0647 \u0647\u0645\u0633\u0627\u06cc\u06af\u0627\u0646 \u0631\u0627\u0633 V \u0647\u0633\u062a\u0646\u062f. \u062f\u0631 \u0645\u0627\u062a\u0631\u06cc\u0633\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0648\u0632\u0646\u200c\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0646\u06cc\u0632 \u062f\u0631\u0635\u0648\u0631\u062a\u06cc \u06a9\u0647 \u0633\u062a\u0648\u0646\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0645\u0631\u0628\u0648\u0637 \u0628\u0647 \u0633\u0637\u0631 V \u062f\u0627\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u0639\u062f\u062f\u06cc \u063a\u06cc\u0631 \u0627\u0632 \u06f0 \u06cc\u0627 \u0628\u06cc\u200c\u0646\u0647\u0627\u06cc\u062a \u0628\u0627\u0634\u0646\u062f\u060c \u0647\u0645\u0633\u0627\u06cc\u0647 \u0622\u0646 \u0631\u0627\u0633 \u0645\u062d\u0633\u0648\u0628 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u0634\u0648\u0646\u062f. &nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h5 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u0646\u062d\u0648\u0647 \u067e\u06cc\u062f\u0627 \u06a9\u0631\u062f\u0646 \u0647\u0645\u0633\u0627\u06cc\u06af\u0627\u0646 \u06cc\u06a9 \u0631\u0627\u0633 \u06af\u0631\u0627\u0641 \u062f\u0631 \u067e\u0627\u06cc\u062a\u0648\u0646<\/h5>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u067e\u06cc\u062f\u0627 \u06a9\u0631\u062f\u0646 \u0647\u0645\u0633\u0627\u06cc\u06af\u0627\u0646 \u06cc\u06a9 \u0631\u0627\u0633 \u06af\u0631\u0627\u0641 \u0628\u0647\u200c \u06a9\u0645\u06a9 \u0645\u0627\u062a\u0631\u06cc\u0633 \u0645\u062c\u0627\u0648\u0631\u062a\u060c \u062a\u0627\u0628\u0639 find_neighbors \u0631\u0627 \u0627\u06cc\u062c\u0627\u062f \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u0645. \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u062a\u0627\u0628\u0639 \u06cc\u06a9 \u0645\u0627\u062a\u0631\u06cc\u0633 \u0645\u062c\u0627\u0648\u0631\u062a (matrix) \u0648 \u0634\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0647 \u0631\u0627\u0633 (node) \u0645\u0648\u0631\u062f \u0646\u0638\u0631 \u0631\u0627 \u0628\u0647\u200c \u0639\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0646 \u0648\u0631\u0648\u062f\u06cc \u062f\u0631\u06cc\u0627\u0641\u062a \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u06a9\u0646\u062f \u0648 \u0644\u06cc\u0633\u062a\u06cc \u0627\u0632 \u0647\u0645\u0633\u0627\u06cc\u06af\u0627\u0646 \u0622\u0646 \u0631\u0627\u0633 \u0631\u0627 \u0628\u0631\u0645\u06cc\u200c\u06af\u0631\u062f\u0627\u0646\u062f. \u062f\u0631 \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u062a\u0627\u0628\u0639&nbsp;\u0628\u0627 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0627\u0632 \u062d\u0644\u0642\u0647 for \u0648 \u062a\u0627\u0628\u0639 enumerate\u060c \u0647\u0631 \u062f\u0631\u0627\u06cc\u0647 \u062f\u0631 \u0633\u0637\u0631 \u0645\u0631\u0628\u0648\u0637 \u0628\u0647 \u0631\u0627\u0633 \u0645\u0648\u0631\u062f \u0646\u0638\u0631 (matrix[node]) \u0628\u0631\u0631\u0633\u06cc \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u0634\u0648\u062f. \u0627\u06af\u0631 \u0645\u0642\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u062f\u0631\u0627\u06cc\u0647 \u063a\u06cc\u0631 \u0635\u0641\u0631 \u0628\u0627\u0634\u062f\u060c \u0628\u0647 \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u0645\u0639\u0646\u0627 \u0627\u0633\u062a \u06a9\u0647 \u06cc\u06a9 \u06cc\u0627\u0644 \u0628\u06cc\u0646 \u0631\u0627\u0633 \u0645\u0648\u0631\u062f \u0646\u0638\u0631 \u0648 \u0631\u0627\u0633 \u062f\u0631 \u062d\u0627\u0644 \u0628\u0631\u0631\u0633\u06cc \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u062f\u0627\u0631\u062f:<\/p>\n\n\n<p style=\"direction:ltr;text-align:left!important\">\n<code>def find_neighbors(matrix, node):<\/code><br \/>\n<code>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span style=\"color:green\"># Initialize an empty list to store the neighbors<\/span><\/code><br \/>\n<code>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;neighbors = []<\/code><br \/>\n<code>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span style=\"color:green\"># Iterate over each value in the row corresponding to the given node<\/span><\/code><br \/>\n<code>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;for i, val in enumerate(matrix[node]):<\/code><br \/>\n<code>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span style=\"color:green\"># If the value is not zero, it means there is an edge between 'node' and 'i'<\/span><\/code><br \/>\n<code>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;if val != 0:<\/code><br \/>\n<code>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span style=\"color:green\"># Add the node 'i' to the neighbors list<\/span><\/code><br \/>\n<code>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;neighbors.append(i)<\/code><br \/>\n<code>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span style=\"color:green\"># Return the list of neighbors<\/span><\/code><br \/>\n<code>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;return neighbors<\/code>\n<\/p>\n<p style=\"direction:ltr;text-align:left!important\">\n<code><span style=\"color:green\"># Create a graph with 4 vertices (Nodes)<\/span><\/code><br \/>\n<code>graph = Graph(4)<\/code>\n<\/p>\n<p style=\"direction:ltr;text-align:left!important\">\n<code><span style=\"color:green\"># Add edges<\/span><\/code><br \/>\n<code>graph.add_edge(0, 1)<\/code><br \/>\n<code>graph.add_edge(0, 2)<\/code><br \/>\n<code>graph.add_edge(1, 3)<\/code><br \/>\n<code>graph.add_edge(2, 3)<\/code>\n<\/p>\n<p style=\"direction:ltr;text-align:left!important\">\n<code>neighbors_of_0 = find_neighbors(graph.adj_matrix, 0)<\/code><br \/>\n<code>print(\"Neighbors of Node 0:\", neighbors_of_0)<\/code>\n<\/p>\n<p style=\"direction:ltr;text-align:left!important\">\n<strong>Neighbors of Node 0:<\/strong> [1, 2]<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u0645\u062d\u0627\u0633\u0628\u0647 \u062a\u0648\u0627\u0646\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0645\u0627\u062a\u0631\u06cc\u0633 \u0645\u062c\u0627\u0648\u0631\u062a<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p>\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0646\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641 \u0645\u0627\u062a\u0631\u06cc\u0633 \u0645\u062c\u0627\u0648\u0631\u062a \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0646\u0646\u062f \u0627\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0628\u06cc\u0634\u062a\u0631\u06cc \u062f\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0647 \u0645\u0633\u06cc\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0648 \u0627\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0637\u0627\u062a \u062f\u0631 \u06af\u0631\u0627\u0641 \u0628\u062f\u0647\u0646\u062f. \u0628\u0647 \u0639\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644\u060c \u062a\u0648\u0627\u0646 \u062f\u0648\u0645 \u0645\u0627\u062a\u0631\u06cc\u0633 \u0645\u062c\u0627\u0648\u0631\u062a \u062a\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062f \u0645\u0633\u06cc\u0631\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0637\u0648\u0644 \u06f2 \u0628\u06cc\u0646 \u0631\u0626\u0648\u0633 \u0631\u0627 \u0646\u0634\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u062f\u0647\u062f. \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u0645\u062d\u0627\u0633\u0628\u0647 \u062a\u0648\u0627\u0646\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0645\u0627\u062a\u0631\u06cc\u0633 \u0645\u062c\u0627\u0648\u0631\u062a\u060c \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0632 \u0636\u0631\u0628 \u0645\u0627\u062a\u0631\u06cc\u0633\u06cc \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u06a9\u0631\u062f.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h5 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u0646\u062d\u0648\u0647 \u0645\u062d\u0627\u0633\u0628\u0647 \u062a\u0648\u0627\u0646 \u062f\u0648\u0645 \u0645\u0627\u062a\u0631\u06cc\u0633 \u0645\u062c\u0627\u0648\u0631\u062a \u062f\u0631 \u067e\u0627\u06cc\u062a\u0648\u0646<\/h5>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0628\u0627\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0627\u0632 \u06a9\u062a\u0627\u0628\u062e\u0627\u0646\u0647 numpy \u062f\u0631 \u067e\u0627\u06cc\u062a\u0648\u0646 \u0628\u0647\u200c \u0631\u0627\u062d\u062a\u06cc \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0646 \u062a\u0648\u0627\u0646\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641 \u06cc\u06a9 \u0645\u0627\u062a\u0631\u06cc\u0633 \u0631\u0627 \u0645\u062d\u0627\u0633\u0628\u0647 \u06a9\u0631\u062f. \u0645\u0627 \u0646\u06cc\u0632 \u062f\u0631 \u0627\u06cc\u0646\u062c\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u06a9\u0645\u06a9 \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u06a9\u062a\u0627\u0628\u062e\u0627\u0646\u0647 \u062a\u0648\u0627\u0646 \u062f\u0648\u0645 \u0645\u0627\u062a\u0631\u06cc\u0633 \u0645\u062c\u0627\u0648\u0631\u062a \u06af\u0631\u0627\u0641 \u0645\u0648\u0631\u062f\u0646\u0638\u0631 \u062e\u0648\u062f \u0631\u0627 \u0645\u062d\u0627\u0633\u0628\u0647 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u0645:<\/p>\n\n\n<p style=\"direction:ltr;text-align:left!important\">\n<code>import numpy as np<\/code>\n<\/p>\n<p style=\"direction:ltr;text-align:left!important\">\n<code><span style=\"color:green\"># Create a graph with 3 vertices (Nodes)<\/span><\/code><br \/>\n<code>graph = Graph(3)<\/code>\n<\/p>\n<p style=\"direction:ltr;text-align:left!important\">\n<code><span style=\"color:green\"># Add edges to the graph<\/span><\/code><br \/>\n<code>graph.add_edge(0, 1)<\/code><br \/>\n<code>graph.add_edge(1, 2)<\/code>\n<\/p>\n<p style=\"direction:ltr;text-align:left!important\">\n<code><span style=\"color:green\"># Display the adjacency matrix of the graph<\/span><\/code><br \/>\n<code>print(\"Adjacency Matrix:\")<\/code><br \/>\n<code>graph.display()<\/code>\n<\/p>\n<p style=\"direction:ltr;text-align:left!important\">\n<code><span style=\"color:green\"># Convert the adjacency matrix to a NumPy array<\/span><\/code><br \/>\n<code>np_graph = np.array(graph.adj_matrix)<\/code><br \/>\n<code><span style=\"color:green\"># Compute the square of the adjacency matrix<\/span><\/code><br \/>\n<code>graph_squared = np.linalg.matrix_power(np_graph, 2)<\/code>\n<\/p>\n<p style=\"direction:ltr;text-align:left!important\">\n<code><span style=\"color:green\"># Display the squared adjacency matrix<\/span><\/code><br \/>\n<code>print(\"\\nAdjacency Matrix Squared:\")<\/code><br \/>\n<code>print(graph_squared)<\/code>\n<\/p>\n<p style=\"direction:ltr;text-align:left!important\">\n<strong>Adjacency Matrix:<\/strong><br \/>\n[0, 1, 0]<br \/>\n[1, 0, 1]<br \/>\n[0, 1, 0]\n<\/p>\n<p style=\"direction:ltr;text-align:left!important\">\n<strong>Adjacency Matrix Squared:<\/strong><br \/>\n[1, 0, 1]<br \/>\n[0, 2, 0]<br \/>\n[1, 0, 1]<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0645\u0627\u062a\u0631\u06cc\u0633\u06cc \u06a9\u0647 \u0645\u0627 \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u0645\u0646\u0638\u0648\u0631 \u062a\u0639\u0631\u06cc\u0641 \u06a9\u0631\u062f\u06cc\u0645\u060c \u0646\u0634\u0627\u0646\u200c\u062f\u0647\u0646\u062f\u0647 \u06cc\u06a9 \u06af\u0631\u0627\u0641 \u0628\u06cc\u200c\u062c\u0647\u062a \u0627\u0633\u062a \u06a9\u0647 \u062f\u0631\u0622\u0646 \u06cc\u06a9\u200c\u06cc\u0627\u0644 \u0628\u06cc\u0646 \u0631\u0627\u0633 \u06f0 \u0648 \u06f1 \u0648 \u0646\u06cc\u0632 \u06cc\u06a9 \u06cc\u0627\u0644 \u0628\u06cc\u0646 \u0631\u0627\u0633 \u06f1 \u0648 \u06f2 \u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u062f\u0627\u0631\u062f. \u0645\u0627\u062a\u0631\u06cc\u0633 \u0645\u062c\u0627\u0648\u0631\u062a \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u06af\u0631\u0627\u0641 \u0631\u0627 \u0628\u0647 \u062a\u0648\u0627\u0646 \u062f\u0648 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u0631\u0633\u0627\u0646\u06cc\u0645 \u0628\u0647\u200c\u0627\u06cc\u0646\u200c\u062a\u0631\u062a\u06cc\u0628 \u0645\u0633\u06cc\u0631\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0628\u0647 \u0637\u0648\u0644 \u062f\u0648 \u06cc\u0627\u0644 \u0628\u06cc\u0646 \u0631\u0626\u0648\u0633 \u06af\u0631\u0627\u0641 \u0631\u0627 \u067e\u06cc\u062f\u0627 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u0645. \u062a\u0641\u0633\u06cc\u0631 \u0645\u0627\u062a\u0631\u06cc\u0633 \u0647\u0645\u0633\u0627\u06cc\u06af\u06cc \u062a\u0648\u0627\u0646 \u062f\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u06af\u0631\u0627\u0641 \u0628\u0647\u200c\u0634\u0631\u062d \u0632\u06cc\u0631 \u0627\u0633\u062a:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u062f\u0631\u0627\u06cc\u0647 (\u06f0,\u06f0) \u0645\u0642\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u06f1 \u062f\u0627\u0631\u062f \u061b \u0628\u0647 \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u0645\u0639\u0646\u0627 \u06a9\u0647 \u06cc\u06a9 \u0645\u0633\u06cc\u0631 \u0628\u0647 \u0637\u0648\u0644 \u062f\u0648 \u06cc\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0632 \u0631\u0627\u0633 \u06f0 \u0628\u0647 \u062e\u0648\u062f\u0634 \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u062f\u0627\u0631\u062f. \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u0645\u0633\u06cc\u0631 \u0627\u0632 \u0631\u0627\u0633 \u06f0 \u0628\u0647 \u06f1 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u0631\u0648\u062f \u0648 \u0633\u067e\u0633 \u0628\u0647 \u0631\u0627\u0633 \u06f0 \u0628\u0631\u0645\u06cc\u200c\u06af\u0631\u062f\u062f.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u062f\u0631\u0627\u06cc\u0647 (\u06f2,\u06f0) \u0645\u0642\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u06f1 \u062f\u0627\u0631\u062f\u061b \u0628\u0647 \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u0645\u0639\u0646\u0627 \u06a9\u0647 \u06cc\u06a9 \u0645\u0633\u06cc\u0631 \u0628\u0647 \u0637\u0648\u0644 \u062f\u0648 \u06cc\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0632 \u0631\u0627\u0633 \u06f0 \u0628\u0647 \u0631\u0627\u0633 \u06f2 \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u062f\u0627\u0631\u062f. \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u0645\u0633\u06cc\u0631 \u0627\u0632 \u0631\u0627\u0633 \u06f0 \u0628\u0647 \u0631\u0627\u0633 \u06f1 \u0648 \u0633\u067e\u0633 \u0628\u0647 \u0631\u0627\u0633 \u06f2 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u0631\u0648\u062f.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u062f\u0631\u0627\u06cc\u0647 (\u06f1,\u06f1) \u0645\u0642\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u06f2 \u062f\u0627\u0631\u062f\u061b \u0628\u0647 \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u0645\u0639\u0646\u0627 \u06a9\u0647 \u062f\u0648 \u0645\u0633\u06cc\u0631 \u0628\u0647 \u0637\u0648\u0644 \u062f\u0648 \u06cc\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0632 \u0631\u0627\u0633 \u06f1 \u0628\u0647 \u062e\u0648\u062f\u0634 \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u062f\u0627\u0631\u062f. \u06cc\u06a9\u06cc \u0627\u0632 \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u0645\u0633\u06cc\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0632 \u0631\u0627\u0633 \u06f1 \u0628\u0647 \u06f0 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u0631\u0648\u062f \u0648 \u0633\u067e\u0633 \u0628\u0647 \u0631\u0627\u0633 \u06f1 \u0628\u0631\u0645\u06cc\u200c\u06af\u0631\u062f\u062f. \u0647\u0645\u0686\u0646\u06cc\u0646 \u06cc\u06a9 \u0645\u0633\u06cc\u0631 \u0627\u0632 \u0631\u0627\u0633 \u06f1 \u0628\u0647 \u06f2 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u0631\u0648\u062f \u0648 \u0633\u067e\u0633 \u0628\u0647 \u0631\u0627\u0633 \u06f1 \u0628\u0631\u0645\u06cc\u200c\u06af\u0631\u062f\u062f.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u062f\u0631\u0627\u06cc\u0647 (\u06f0,\u06f2) \u0645\u0642\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u06f1 \u062f\u0627\u0631\u062f\u061b \u0628\u0647 \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u0645\u0639\u0646\u0627 \u06a9\u0647 \u06cc\u06a9 \u0645\u0633\u06cc\u0631 \u0628\u0647 \u0637\u0648\u0644 \u062f\u0648 \u06cc\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0632 \u0631\u0627\u0633 \u06f2 \u0628\u0647 \u0631\u0627\u0633 \u06f0 \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u062f\u0627\u0631\u062f. \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u0645\u0633\u06cc\u0631 \u0627\u0632 \u0631\u0627\u0633 \u06f2 \u0628\u0647 \u0631\u0627\u0633 \u06f1 \u0648 \u0633\u067e\u0633 \u0628\u0647 \u0631\u0627\u0633 \u06f0 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u0631\u0648\u062f.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u062f\u0631\u0627\u06cc\u0647 (\u06f2,\u06f2) \u0645\u0642\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u06f1 \u062f\u0627\u0631\u062f\u061b \u0628\u0647 \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u0645\u0639\u0646\u0627 \u06a9\u0647 \u06cc\u06a9 \u0645\u0633\u06cc\u0631 \u0628\u0647 \u0637\u0648\u0644 \u062f\u0648 \u06cc\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0632 \u0631\u0627\u0633 \u06f2 \u0628\u0647 \u062e\u0648\u062f\u0634 \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u062f\u0627\u0631\u062f. \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u0645\u0633\u06cc\u0631 \u0627\u0632 \u0631\u0627\u0633 \u06f2 \u0628\u0647 \u06f1 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u0631\u0648\u062f \u0648 \u0633\u067e\u0633 \u0628\u0647 \u0631\u0627\u0633 \u06f2 \u0628\u0631\u0645\u06cc\u200c\u06af\u0631\u062f\u062f.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u0627\u0644\u06af\u0648\u0631\u06cc\u062a\u0645\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0645\u0633\u06cc\u0631\u06cc\u0627\u0628\u06cc<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0627\u0644\u06af\u0648\u0631\u06cc\u062a\u0645\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc\u06cc \u0645\u0627\u0646\u0646\u062f \u0627\u0644\u06af\u0648\u0631\u06cc\u062a\u0645 \u0641\u0644\u0648\u06cc\u062f-\u0648\u0627\u0631\u0634\u0627\u0644 \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u06cc\u0627\u0641\u062a\u0646 \u06a9\u0648\u062a\u0627\u0647\u200c\u062a\u0631\u06cc\u0646 \u0645\u0633\u06cc\u0631 \u0628\u06cc\u0646 \u0647\u0645\u0647 \u062c\u0641\u062a \u0631\u0627\u0633\u200c\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0632 \u0645\u0627\u062a\u0631\u06cc\u0633 \u0645\u062c\u0627\u0648\u0631\u062a \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u06a9\u0646\u0646\u062f. \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u06af\u0648\u0631\u06cc\u062a\u0645 \u0628\u0627 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0627\u0632 \u062a\u0648\u0627\u0646\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641 \u0645\u0627\u062a\u0631\u06cc\u0633 \u0645\u062c\u0627\u0648\u0631\u062a\u060c \u06a9\u0648\u062a\u0627\u0647\u200c\u062a\u0631\u06cc\u0646 \u0645\u0633\u06cc\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0631\u0627 \u067e\u06cc\u062f\u0627 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u06a9\u0646\u062f.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u0628\u0631\u0631\u0633\u06cc \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u06cc\u0627\u0644 \u0628\u06cc\u0646 \u062f\u0648 \u0631\u0627\u0633<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u0628\u0631\u0631\u0633\u06cc \u0627\u06cc\u0646\u06a9\u0647 \u0622\u06cc\u0627 \u0628\u06cc\u0646 \u062f\u0648 \u0631\u0627\u0633 \u0645\u0634\u062e\u0635 \u06cc\u0627\u0644\u06cc \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u062f\u0627\u0631\u062f \u06cc\u0627 \u0646\u0647\u060c \u06a9\u0627\u0641\u06cc \u0627\u0633\u062a \u0645\u0642\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u0631\u0628\u0648\u0637\u0647 \u062f\u0631 \u0645\u0627\u062a\u0631\u06cc\u0633 \u0645\u062c\u0627\u0648\u0631\u062a \u0631\u0627 \u0628\u0631\u0631\u0633\u06cc \u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u0645. \u0627\u06af\u0631 \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u0645\u0642\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u063a\u06cc\u0631\u0635\u0641\u0631 \u0628\u0627\u0634\u062f\u060c \u06cc\u0627\u0644\u06cc \u0628\u06cc\u0646 \u062f\u0648 \u0631\u0627\u0633 \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u062f\u0627\u0631\u062f.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h5 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u0646\u062d\u0648\u0647 \u0628\u0631\u0631\u0633\u06cc \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u06cc\u0627\u0644 \u0628\u0627 \u0645\u0627\u062a\u0631\u06cc\u0633 \u0645\u062c\u0627\u0648\u0631\u062a \u062f\u0631 \u067e\u0627\u06cc\u062a\u0648\u0646<\/h5>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u0645\u0646\u0638\u0648\u0631 \u06cc\u06a9 \u062a\u0627\u0628\u0639 \u0628\u0647 \u0646\u0627\u0645 has_edge \u0631\u0627 \u062a\u0639\u0631\u06cc\u0641 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u0645 \u06a9\u0647 \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u0628\u0631\u0631\u0633\u06cc \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u06cc\u0627\u0644 \u0628\u06cc\u0646 \u062f\u0648 \u0631\u0627\u0633 \u062f\u0631 \u06cc\u06a9 \u06af\u0631\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u0634\u0648\u062f. \u062f\u0631 \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u062a\u0627\u0628\u0639\u060c \u0645\u0642\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u062f\u0631\u0627\u06cc\u0647 \u0645\u0631\u0628\u0648\u0637 \u0628\u0647 \u0631\u0627\u0633\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc from_vertex \u0648 to_vertex \u062f\u0631 \u0645\u0627\u062a\u0631\u06cc\u0633 \u0645\u062c\u0627\u0648\u0631\u062a \u0628\u0631\u0631\u0633\u06cc \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u0634\u0648\u062f. \u0627\u06af\u0631 \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u0645\u0642\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u063a\u06cc\u0631 \u0635\u0641\u0631 \u0628\u0627\u0634\u062f\u060c \u0646\u0634\u0627\u0646\u200c\u062f\u0647\u0646\u062f\u0647 \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u06cc\u0627\u0644 \u0628\u06cc\u0646 \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u062f\u0648 \u0631\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0633\u062a \u0648 \u062a\u0627\u0628\u0639 \u0645\u0642\u062f\u0627\u0631 True \u0628\u0631\u0645\u06cc\u200c\u06af\u0631\u062f\u0627\u0646\u062f. \u062f\u0631 \u063a\u06cc\u0631 \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u0635\u0648\u0631\u062a\u060c \u0645\u0642\u062f\u0627\u0631 False \u0628\u0631\u0645\u06cc\u200c\u06af\u0631\u062f\u0627\u0646\u062f:<\/p>\n\n\n<p style=\"direction:ltr;text-align:left!important\">\n<code>def has_edge(matrix, from_vertex, to_vertex):<\/code><br \/>\n<code>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span style=\"color:green\"># Check if there is an edge between 'from_vertex' and 'to_vertex'<\/span><\/code><br \/>\n<code>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span style=\"color:green\"># If the value in the adjacency matrix is not 0, there is an edge<\/span><\/code><br \/>\n<code>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;return matrix[from_vertex][to_vertex] != 0<\/code>\n<\/p>\n<p style=\"direction:ltr;text-align:left!important\">\n<code><span style=\"color:green\"># Create a graph with 3 vertices (Nodes)<\/span><\/code><br \/>\n<code>graph = Graph(3)<\/code>\n<\/p>\n<p style=\"direction:ltr;text-align:left!important\">\n<code><span style=\"color:green\"># Add edges to the graph<\/span><\/code><br \/>\n<code>graph.add_edge(0, 1)<\/code><br \/>\n<code>graph.add_edge(1, 2)<\/code>\n<\/p>\n<p style=\"direction:ltr;text-align:left!important\">\n<code><span style=\"color:green\"># Check if there is an edge between vertex 0 and vertex 1<\/span><\/code><br \/>\n<code>edge_exists = has_edge(graph.adj_matrix, 0, 1)<\/code><br \/>\n<code>print(\"If there is any edge:\", edge_exists)<\/code>\n<\/p>\n<p style=\"direction:ltr;text-align:left!important\">\n<strong>If there is any edge:<\/strong> True<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u0628\u0631\u0631\u0633\u06cc \u067e\u06cc\u0686\u06cc\u062f\u06af\u06cc \u0632\u0645\u0627\u0646\u06cc \u0648 \u0645\u06a9\u0627\u0646\u06cc \u0645\u0627\u062a\u0631\u06cc\u0633 \u0645\u062c\u0627\u0648\u0631\u062a<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u067e\u06cc\u0686\u06cc\u062f\u06af\u06cc \u0645\u06a9\u0627\u0646\u06cc: \u0645\u0627\u062a\u0631\u06cc\u0633 \u0645\u062c\u0627\u0648\u0631\u062a \u0646\u06cc\u0627\u0632 \u0628\u0647 O(n<sup>2<\/sup>) \u0641\u0636\u0627\u06cc \u0630\u062e\u06cc\u0631\u0647\u200c\u0633\u0627\u0632\u06cc \u062f\u0627\u0631\u062f \u06a9\u0647 \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u06af\u0631\u0627\u0641\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0628\u0633\u06cc\u0627\u0631 \u0628\u0632\u0631\u06af\u060c \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u0645\u0642\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0632\u06cc\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0633\u062a.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u067e\u06cc\u0686\u06cc\u062f\u06af\u06cc \u0632\u0645\u0627\u0646\u06cc: \u062f\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0633\u06cc \u0628\u0647 \u06cc\u06a9 \u06cc\u0627\u0644 \u062e\u0627\u0635 \u06cc\u0627 \u0628\u0631\u0631\u0633\u06cc \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u06cc\u0627\u0644 \u0628\u06cc\u0646 \u062f\u0648 \u0631\u0627\u0633 \u062f\u0631 \u0645\u0627\u062a\u0631\u06cc\u0633 \u0645\u062c\u0627\u0648\u0631\u062a O(1) \u0632\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u0628\u0631\u062f\u060c \u0627\u0645\u0627 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u06cc\u0627\u062a\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc\u06cc \u06a9\u0647 \u0646\u06cc\u0627\u0632 \u0628\u0647 \u0628\u0631\u0631\u0633\u06cc \u0647\u0645\u0647 \u06cc\u0627\u0644\u200c\u0647\u0627 \u062f\u0627\u0631\u0646\u062f \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0646\u0646\u062f \u062a\u0627 O(n<sup>2<\/sup>) \u0632\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0628\u0628\u0631\u0646\u062f.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u06a9\u0627\u0631\u0628\u0631\u062f\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0645\u0627\u062a\u0631\u06cc\u0633 \u0645\u062c\u0627\u0648\u0631\u062a<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0645\u0627\u062a\u0631\u06cc\u0633 \u0645\u062c\u0627\u0648\u0631\u062a \u062f\u0631 \u062f\u0646\u06cc\u0627\u06cc \u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639\u06cc \u0646\u06cc\u0632 \u06a9\u0627\u0631\u0628\u0631\u062f\u0647\u0627\u06cc\u06cc \u062f\u0627\u0631\u062f \u06a9\u0647 \u062f\u0631 \u0627\u062f\u0627\u0645\u0647 \u0622\u0646\u200c\u0647\u0627 \u0631\u0627 \u0628\u0631\u0631\u0633\u06cc \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u0645:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u0628\u06cc\u0648\u0627\u0646\u0641\u0648\u0631\u0645\u0627\u062a\u06cc\u06a9<\/h4>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter size-large is-resized\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/cafetadris.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/image-176-1024x394.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-18625\" width=\"692\" height=\"266\" srcset=\"https:\/\/cafetadris.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/image-176-1024x394.png 1024w, https:\/\/cafetadris.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/image-176-300x115.png 300w, https:\/\/cafetadris.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/image-176-768x295.png 768w, https:\/\/cafetadris.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/image-176-585x225.png 585w, https:\/\/cafetadris.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/image-176.png 1240w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 692px) 100vw, 692px\" \/><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n<p>\u062f\u0631 \u0628\u06cc\u0648\u0627\u0646\u0641\u0648\u0631\u0645\u0627\u062a\u06cc\u06a9\u060c \u06af\u0631\u0627\u0641\u200c\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u0646\u0645\u0627\u06cc\u0634 \u0631\u0648\u0627\u0628\u0637 \u0628\u06cc\u0646 \u0698\u0646\u200c\u0647\u0627\u060c \u067e\u0631\u0648\u062a\u0626\u06cc\u0646\u200c\u0647\u0627 \u06cc\u0627 \u062f\u06cc\u06af\u0631 \u0645\u0648\u0644\u06a9\u0648\u0644\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0632\u06cc\u0633\u062a\u06cc \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u0634\u0648\u0646\u062f. \u0645\u0627\u062a\u0631\u06cc\u0633 \u0645\u062c\u0627\u0648\u0631\u062a \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0646\u062f \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u062a\u062d\u0644\u06cc\u0644 \u0645\u0633\u06cc\u0631\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0628\u06cc\u0648\u0634\u06cc\u0645\u06cc\u0627\u06cc\u06cc \u0648 \u062a\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0648\u0644\u06a9\u0648\u0644\u06cc \u0628\u0647\u200c\u06a9\u0627\u0631 \u0631\u0648\u062f. \u0628\u0647\u200c\u0639\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644\u060c \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u0633\u06cc\u0631\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0645\u062a\u0627\u0628\u0648\u0644\u06cc\u06a9\u060c \u0634\u0628\u06a9\u0647\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u062a\u0646\u0638\u06cc\u0645 \u0698\u0646\u06cc \u0648 \u067e\u0631\u0648\u062a\u0626\u06cc\u0646\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0645\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0631\u0627 \u0645\u062f\u0644\u200c\u0633\u0627\u0632\u06cc \u06a9\u0631\u062f. \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u062a\u062d\u0644\u06cc\u0644\u200c\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0646\u0646\u062f \u0628\u0647 \u062f\u0631\u06a9 \u0628\u0647\u062a\u0631 \u0628\u06cc\u0645\u0627\u0631\u06cc\u200c\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0634\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0627\u06cc\u06cc \u0647\u062f\u0641\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u062f\u0627\u0631\u0648\u06cc\u06cc \u062c\u062f\u06cc\u062f \u0648 \u0628\u0647\u06cc\u0646\u0647\u200c\u0633\u0627\u0632\u06cc \u0641\u0631\u0622\u06cc\u0646\u062f\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0632\u06cc\u0633\u062a\u06cc \u06a9\u0645\u06a9 \u06a9\u0646\u0646\u062f.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0626\u0644 \u0645\u0633\u06cc\u0631\u06cc\u0627\u0628\u06cc \u0648 \u0634\u0628\u06a9\u0647<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p>\u062f\u0631 \u0645\u0633\u0627\u0626\u0644 \u0645\u0633\u06cc\u0631\u06cc\u0627\u0628\u06cc \u0634\u0628\u06a9\u0647\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u06a9\u0627\u0645\u067e\u06cc\u0648\u062a\u0631\u06cc\u060c \u062c\u0627\u062f\u0647\u200c\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0648 \u062a\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0631\u06cc\u060c \u06af\u0631\u0627\u0641\u200c\u0647\u0627 \u0648 \u0645\u0627\u062a\u0631\u06cc\u0633 \u0645\u062c\u0627\u0648\u0631\u062a \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u067e\u06cc\u062f\u0627 \u06a9\u0631\u062f\u0646 \u0645\u0633\u06cc\u0631\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0628\u0647\u06cc\u0646\u0647 \u0648 \u062a\u062d\u0644\u06cc\u0644 \u0634\u0628\u06a9\u0647 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u0634\u0648\u0646\u062f. \u0628\u0627 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0627\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u06af\u0648\u0631\u06cc\u062a\u0645\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u060c \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u0633\u06cc\u0631\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u06a9\u0648\u062a\u0627\u0647\u200c\u062a\u0631\u06cc\u0646\u060c \u06a9\u0645\u200c\u0647\u0632\u06cc\u0646\u0647\u200c\u062a\u0631\u06cc\u0646 \u06cc\u0627 \u0633\u0631\u06cc\u0639\u200c\u062a\u0631\u06cc\u0646 \u0631\u0627 \u0628\u06cc\u0646 \u062f\u0648 \u0646\u0642\u0637\u0647 \u062f\u0631 \u0634\u0628\u06a9\u0647 \u067e\u06cc\u062f\u0627 \u06a9\u0631\u062f.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u062a\u062d\u0644\u06cc\u0644 \u0634\u0628\u06a9\u0647\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0627\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0637\u06cc<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p>\u062f\u0631 \u0634\u0628\u06a9\u0647\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0627\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0637\u06cc\u060c \u0645\u0627\u062a\u0631\u06cc\u0633 \u0645\u062c\u0627\u0648\u0631\u062a \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0646\u062f \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u0645\u062f\u0644\u200c\u0633\u0627\u0632\u06cc \u0648 \u062a\u062d\u0644\u06cc\u0644 \u0633\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0627\u0631 \u0634\u0628\u06a9\u0647\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u062a\u0644\u0641\u0646\u06cc\u060c \u0627\u06cc\u0646\u062a\u0631\u0646\u062a\u06cc \u0648 \u0628\u06cc\u200c\u0633\u06cc\u0645 \u0628\u0647 \u06a9\u0627\u0631 \u0631\u0648\u062f. \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u062a\u062d\u0644\u06cc\u0644\u200c\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0646\u0646\u062f \u0628\u0647 \u0628\u0647\u0628\u0648\u062f \u06a9\u06cc\u0641\u06cc\u062a \u062e\u062f\u0645\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0627\u0641\u0632\u0627\u06cc\u0634 \u0627\u0645\u0646\u06cc\u062a \u0634\u0628\u06a9\u0647 \u0648 \u0634\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0627\u06cc\u06cc \u06af\u0644\u0648\u06af\u0627\u0647\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0634\u0628\u06a9\u0647 \u06a9\u0645\u06a9 \u06a9\u0646\u0646\u062f. \u0628\u0647 \u0639\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644\u060c \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0632 \u0645\u0627\u062a\u0631\u06cc\u0633 \u0645\u062c\u0627\u0648\u0631\u062a \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u0634\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0627\u06cc\u06cc \u0646\u0642\u0627\u0637 \u0636\u0639\u0641 \u062f\u0631 \u0634\u0628\u06a9\u0647 \u0648 \u0628\u0647\u06cc\u0646\u0647\u200c\u0633\u0627\u0632\u06cc \u062a\u0648\u0632\u06cc\u0639 \u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u06a9\u0631\u062f. \u0628\u0627 \u06a9\u0645\u06a9 \u0645\u0627\u062a\u0631\u06cc\u0633 \u0645\u062c\u0627\u0648\u0631\u062a \u0647\u0645\u0686\u0646\u06cc\u0646 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0646 \u0646\u0642\u0627\u0637 \u0628\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0646\u06cc \u062f\u0631 \u0634\u0628\u06a9\u0647\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0628\u0631\u0642 \u0631\u0627 \u0634\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0627\u06cc\u06cc \u06a9\u0631\u062f\u0647 \u0648 \u0627\u0642\u062f\u0627\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0644\u0627\u0632\u0645 \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u062c\u0644\u0648\u06af\u06cc\u0631\u06cc \u0627\u0632 \u0642\u0637\u0639 \u0628\u0631\u0642 \u0631\u0627 \u0627\u0646\u062c\u0627\u0645 \u062f\u0627\u062f.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u0645\u0627\u062a\u0631\u06cc\u0633 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0647<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0645\u0627\u062a\u0631\u06cc\u0633 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0647 (Degree Matrix)\u060c \u0645\u0627\u062a\u0631\u06cc\u0633\u06cc \u0627\u0633\u062a \u06a9\u0647 \u062f\u0631 \u0622\u0646 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0647 \u0647\u0631 \u0631\u0627\u0633 \u062f\u0631 \u06af\u0631\u0627\u0641 \u0646\u0634\u0627\u0646 \u062f\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u0634\u0648\u062f. \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0647 \u06cc\u06a9 \u0631\u0627\u0633\u060c \u062a\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062f \u06cc\u0627\u0644\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc\u06cc \u0627\u0633\u062a \u06a9\u0647 \u0628\u0647 \u0622\u0646 \u0631\u0627\u0633 \u0645\u062a\u0635\u0644 \u0627\u0633\u062a. \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u0645\u0627\u062a\u0631\u06cc\u0633 \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u062a\u062d\u0644\u06cc\u0644\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u062e\u0627\u0635\u06cc \u0645\u0627\u0646\u0646\u062f \u0645\u062d\u0627\u0633\u0628\u0647 \u0645\u0631\u06a9\u0632\u06cc\u200c\u0628\u0648\u062f\u0646 \u0631\u0627\u0633\u200c\u0647\u0627 \u06cc\u0627 \u06cc\u0627\u0641\u062a\u0646 \u0631\u0627\u0633\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u067e\u0631 \u0627\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0644 \u0645\u0641\u06cc\u062f \u0627\u0633\u062a. \u0645\u0627\u062a\u0631\u06cc\u0633 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0647 \u0628\u0647 \u0645\u0627 \u0627\u0645\u06a9\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u062f\u0647\u062f \u062a\u0627 \u0628\u0647 \u0633\u0631\u0639\u062a \u0631\u0626\u0648\u0633 \u0628\u0627 \u062a\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0637\u0627\u062a \u0632\u06cc\u0627\u062f \u06cc\u0627 \u06a9\u0645 \u0631\u0627 \u0634\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0627\u06cc\u06cc \u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u0645 \u0648 \u062a\u062d\u0644\u06cc\u0644\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u067e\u06cc\u0686\u06cc\u062f\u0647\u200c\u062a\u0631\u06cc \u0631\u0648\u06cc \u0633\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0627\u0631 \u06af\u0631\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0646\u062c\u0627\u0645 \u062f\u0647\u06cc\u0645. \u0634\u06cc\u0648\u0647 \u062a\u0639\u0631\u06cc\u0641 \u0645\u0627\u062a\u0631\u06cc\u0633 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0647 \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u06af\u0631\u0627\u0641\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u062c\u0647\u062a\u200c\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0648 \u0628\u06cc\u200c\u062c\u0647\u062a \u06a9\u0645\u06cc \u0628\u0627 \u06cc\u06a9\u062f\u06cc\u06af\u0631 \u0645\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0648\u062a \u0627\u0633\u062a. \u0628\u0647\u200c\u0647\u0645\u06cc\u0646 \u062f\u0644\u06cc\u0644 \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u062f\u0648 \u0631\u0627 \u062c\u062f\u0627\u06af\u0627\u0646\u0647 \u0628\u0631\u0631\u0633\u06cc \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u0645:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u0645\u0627\u062a\u0631\u06cc\u0633 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0647 \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u06af\u0631\u0627\u0641\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0628\u06cc\u200c\u062c\u0647\u062a<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>\u062f\u0631 \u06cc\u06a9 \u06af\u0631\u0627\u0641 \u0628\u062f\u0648\u0646 \u062c\u0647\u062a\u060c \u0647\u0631 \u0631\u0627\u0633 \u06cc\u06a9 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0647 \u062f\u0627\u0631\u062f \u06a9\u0647 \u0646\u0634\u0627\u0646\u200c\u062f\u0647\u0646\u062f\u0647 \u062a\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062f \u06cc\u0627\u0644\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0645\u062a\u0635\u0644 \u0628\u0647 \u0622\u0646 \u0631\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0633\u062a. \u0628\u0646\u0627\u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc\u0646\u060c \u0645\u0627\u062a\u0631\u06cc\u0633 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0647 \u062f\u0631 \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u0646\u0648\u0639 \u06af\u0631\u0627\u0641 \u0628\u0647 \u0635\u0648\u0631\u062a \u06cc\u06a9 \u0645\u0627\u062a\u0631\u06cc\u0633 \u0642\u0637\u0631\u06cc \u0627\u0633\u062a \u06a9\u0647 \u062f\u0631 \u0622\u0646 \u062a\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0639\u0646\u0627\u0635\u0631 \u0645\u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u062f\u0631 \u0642\u0637\u0631 \u0627\u0635\u0644\u06cc \u0645\u0627\u062a\u0631\u06cc\u0633 \u0645\u0642\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u063a\u06cc\u0631\u0635\u0641\u0631 \u062f\u0627\u0631\u0646\u062f.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u062f\u0631\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639 \u0627\u06af\u0631 \u06cc\u06a9 \u06af\u0631\u0627\u0641 \u0628\u06cc\u200c\u062c\u0647\u062a G \u0628\u0627 n \u0631\u0627\u0633 \u062f\u0627\u0634\u062a\u0647 \u0628\u0627\u0634\u06cc\u0645\u060c \u0645\u0627\u062a\u0631\u06cc\u0633 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0647 \u0622\u0646 \u06cc\u06a9 \u0645\u0627\u062a\u0631\u06cc\u0633 n\u00d7n \u062e\u0648\u0627\u0647\u062f \u0628\u0648\u062f \u06a9\u0647 \u062f\u0631 \u0622\u0646 \u0647\u0631 \u0639\u0646\u0635\u0631 (i, i) \u0646\u0634\u0627\u0646\u200c\u062f\u0647\u0646\u062f\u0647 \u062a\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062f \u06cc\u0627\u0644\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0645\u062a\u0635\u0644 \u0628\u0647 \u0631\u0627\u0633 i \u0627\u0633\u062a.<\/p>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter size-full is-resized\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/cafetadris.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/image-76.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-18158\" width=\"656\" height=\"304\" srcset=\"https:\/\/cafetadris.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/image-76.png 870w, https:\/\/cafetadris.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/image-76-300x139.png 300w, https:\/\/cafetadris.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/image-76-768x357.png 768w, https:\/\/cafetadris.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/image-76-585x272.png 585w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 656px) 100vw, 656px\" \/><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u0645\u062d\u0627\u0633\u0628\u0647 \u0645\u0627\u062a\u0631\u06cc\u0633 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0647 \u062f\u0631 \u06af\u0631\u0627\u0641 \u0628\u06cc\u200c\u062c\u0647\u062a \u0627\u0632 \u0631\u0648\u06cc \u0645\u0627\u062a\u0631\u06cc\u0633 \u0645\u062c\u0627\u0648\u0631\u062a<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u0645\u062d\u0627\u0633\u0628\u0647 \u0645\u0627\u062a\u0631\u06cc\u0633 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0647 \u062f\u0631 \u06cc\u06a9 \u06af\u0631\u0627\u0641 \u0628\u06cc\u200c\u062c\u0647\u062a\u060c \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0632 \u0645\u0627\u062a\u0631\u06cc\u0633 \u0645\u062c\u0627\u0648\u0631\u062a \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u06a9\u0631\u062f. \u062a\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062f \u06f1\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0645\u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u062f\u0631 \u0647\u0631 \u0633\u0637\u0631 \u06cc\u0627 \u0633\u062a\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u0627\u062a\u0631\u06cc\u0633 \u0645\u062c\u0627\u0648\u0631\u062a \u0628\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0631 \u0628\u0627 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0647 \u0631\u0627\u0633 \u0645\u0631\u0628\u0648\u0637\u0647 \u0627\u0633\u062a.<\/p>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter size-full is-resized\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/cafetadris.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/image-77.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-18159\" width=\"664\" height=\"209\" srcset=\"https:\/\/cafetadris.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/image-77.png 1002w, https:\/\/cafetadris.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/image-77-300x95.png 300w, https:\/\/cafetadris.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/image-77-768x242.png 768w, https:\/\/cafetadris.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/image-77-585x184.png 585w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 664px) 100vw, 664px\" \/><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n<p>\u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u062a\u062d\u0642\u06cc\u0642 \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u0645\u0648\u0636\u0648\u0639\u060c \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0646\u06cc\u062f \u062f\u0631 \u062a\u0635\u0648\u06cc\u0631 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0627 \u0627\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062f \u0647\u0631 \u0633\u0637\u062d \u0645\u0627\u062a\u0631\u06cc\u0633 \u0645\u062c\u0627\u0648\u0631\u062a \u0631\u0627 \u062c\u0645\u0639 \u0628\u0632\u0646\u06cc\u062f \u0648 \u062d\u0627\u0635\u0644 \u0631\u0627 \u0628\u0627 \u0639\u0646\u0635\u0631 \u0631\u0648\u06cc \u0642\u0637\u0631 \u0622\u0646 \u0633\u0637\u0631 \u062f\u0631 \u0645\u0627\u062a\u0631\u06cc\u0633 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0647 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u06cc\u0633\u0647 \u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u062f.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u0646\u062d\u0648\u0647 \u0633\u0627\u062e\u062a \u0648 \u06a9\u0627\u0631 \u0628\u0627 \u0645\u0627\u062a\u0631\u06cc\u0633 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0647 \u06af\u0631\u0627\u0641 \u0628\u06cc\u200c\u062c\u0647\u062a \u062f\u0631 \u067e\u0627\u06cc\u062a\u0648\u0646<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0647\u0645\u0627\u0646\u200c\u0637\u0648\u0631 \u06a9\u0647 \u0645\u062a\u0648\u062c\u0647 \u0634\u062f\u06cc\u062f \u06cc\u06a9\u06cc \u0627\u0632 \u0631\u0627\u0647\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0630\u062e\u06cc\u0631\u0647 \u06af\u0631\u0627\u0641 \u062f\u0631 \u06a9\u0627\u0645\u067e\u06cc\u0648\u062a\u0631\u060c \u0645\u0627\u062a\u0631\u06cc\u0633 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0647 \u0627\u0633\u062a. \u062f\u0631 \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u0628\u062e\u0634 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u062e\u0648\u0627\u0647\u06cc\u0645 \u0645\u0627\u062a\u0631\u06cc\u0633 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0647 \u06af\u0631\u0627\u0641\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0628\u06cc\u200c\u062c\u0647\u062a \u0631\u0627 \u062f\u0631 \u067e\u0627\u06cc\u062a\u0648\u0646 \u0628\u0633\u0627\u0632\u06cc\u0645. \u0628\u0631\u06cc \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u0645\u0646\u0638\u0648\u0631\u060c \u06cc\u06a9 \u06a9\u0644\u0627\u0633 \u0628\u0647\u200c\u0646\u0627\u0645 Graph \u0627\u06cc\u062c\u0627\u062f \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u0645. \u062f\u0631 \u0645\u062a\u062f __init__ \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u06a9\u0644\u0627\u0633\u060c \u062a\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062f \u0631\u0627\u0633\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u06af\u0631\u0627\u0641 (num_vertices) \u0631\u0627 \u0628\u0647\u200c\u0639\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0646 \u0648\u0631\u0648\u062f\u06cc \u062a\u0639\u06cc\u06cc\u0646 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u0645 \u0648 \u0645\u0627\u062a\u0631\u06cc\u0633 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0647 \u0631\u0627 \u0628\u0627 \u0627\u0628\u0639\u0627\u062f num_vertices \u00d7 num_vertices \u0627\u06cc\u062c\u0627\u062f \u0648 \u0622\u0646 \u0631\u0627 \u0628\u0627 \u0635\u0641\u0631 \u067e\u0631 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u0645. \u0627\u0632 \u0645\u062a\u062f add_edge \u0646\u06cc\u0632 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u0645 \u062a\u0627 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0632 \u0627\u0636\u0627\u0641\u0647 \u06a9\u0631\u062f\u0646 \u0647\u0631 \u06cc\u0627\u0644\u060c \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0647 \u0631\u0626\u0648\u0633 \u0645\u0628\u062f\u0627 \u0648 \u0645\u0642\u0635\u062f \u0645\u0631\u0628\u0648\u0637 \u0628\u0647 \u0622\u0646 \u06cc\u0627\u0644 \u06cc\u06a9 \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f \u0627\u0636\u0627\u0641\u0647 \u0634\u0648\u062f. \u0645\u0627\u062a\u0631\u06cc\u0633 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0647 \u0628\u0627 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0627\u0632 \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0633\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0647 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u0634\u0648\u062f\u060c \u0628\u0647 \u0637\u0648\u0631\u06cc \u06a9\u0647 \u0639\u0646\u0627\u0635\u0631 \u0642\u0637\u0631\u06cc \u0645\u0627\u062a\u0631\u06cc\u0633 \u0634\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0647 \u0647\u0631 \u0631\u0627\u0633 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u0628\u0627\u0634\u0646\u062f \u0648 \u0628\u0642\u06cc\u0647 \u0639\u0646\u0627\u0635\u0631 \u0635\u0641\u0631 \u0647\u0633\u062a\u0646\u062f. \u0633\u067e\u0633 \u0628\u0627 \u0645\u062a\u062f display \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u0645\u0627\u062a\u0631\u06cc\u0633 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0647 \u0631\u0627 \u0628\u0647 \u0635\u0648\u0631\u062a \u0633\u0637\u0631 \u0628\u0647 \u0633\u0637\u0631 \u0646\u0645\u0627\u06cc\u0634 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u062f\u0647\u06cc\u0645:<\/p>\n\n\n<p style=\"direction:ltr;text-align:left!important\">\n<code>class Graph:<\/code><br \/>\n<code>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;def __init__(self, num_vertices):<\/code><br \/>\n<code>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span style=\"color:green\"># Initialize the graph with a specified number of vertices<\/span><\/code><br \/>\n<code>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;self.num_vertices = num_vertices<\/code><br \/>\n<code>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span style=\"color:green\"># Initialize the degree matrix with zeros<\/span><\/code><br \/>\n<code>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;self.degree_matrix = [[0] * num_vertices for _ in range(num_vertices)]<\/code><br \/>\n<code>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;def add_edge(self, from_vertex, to_vertex, weight=1):<\/code><br \/>\n<code>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span style=\"color:green\"># Add an edge between 'from_vertex' and 'to_vertex'<\/span><\/code><br \/>\n<code>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;self.degree_matrix[from_vertex][from_vertex] += weight<\/code><br \/>\n<code>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;self.degree_matrix[to_vertex][to_vertex] += weight<\/code><br \/>\n<code>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;def display(self):<\/code><br \/>\n<code>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span style=\"color:green\"># Display the degree matrix row by row<\/span><\/code><br \/>\n<code>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;for row in self.degree_matrix:<\/code><br \/>\n<code>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;print(row)<\/code><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u062f\u0631 \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u06a9\u0644\u0627\u0633\u060c \u0648\u0632\u0646 \u067e\u06cc\u0634\u200c\u0641\u0631\u0636 \u06cc\u0627\u0644\u200c\u0647\u0627 \u062f\u0631 \u0645\u062a\u062f add_edge \u0628\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0631 \u0628\u0627 \u06f1 \u062a\u0639\u06cc\u06cc\u0646\u200c\u0634\u062f\u0647\u200c\u0627\u0633\u062a. \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u0628\u062f\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u0639\u0646\u0627 \u0627\u0633\u062a \u06a9\u0647 \u0627\u06af\u0631 \u06af\u0631\u0627\u0641\u06cc \u06a9\u0647 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u062e\u0648\u0627\u0647\u06cc\u0645 \u0622\u0646 \u0631\u0627 \u0631\u0633\u0645 \u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u0645 \u0628\u062f\u0648\u0646 \u0648\u0632\u0646 \u0628\u0627\u0634\u062f\u060c \u0646\u06cc\u0627\u0632\u06cc \u0628\u0647 \u062a\u063a\u06cc\u06cc\u0631 \u0648\u0631\u0648\u062f\u06cc weight \u0646\u062f\u0627\u0631\u06cc\u0645 \u0648 \u062a\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0627 \u062a\u0639\u06cc\u06cc\u0646 \u0631\u0626\u0648\u0633 \u06cc\u0627\u0644 \u0645\u0648\u0631\u062f \u0646\u0638\u0631 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u0627\u062a\u0631\u06cc\u0633 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0647 \u06af\u0631\u0627\u0641 \u0631\u0627 \u062a\u0634\u06a9\u06cc\u0644 \u062f\u0627\u062f \u0648 \u0627\u0632 \u0622\u0646 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u06a9\u0631\u062f. \u0628\u0647\u200c\u0639\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644\u060c \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u062a\u0639\u0631\u06cc\u0641 \u0645\u0627\u062a\u0631\u06cc\u0633 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0647 \u06cc\u06a9 \u06af\u0631\u0627\u0641 \u0628\u06cc\u200c\u062c\u0647\u062a \u0648 \u0628\u062f\u0648\u0646 \u0648\u0632\u0646 \u0628\u0647 \u0634\u06a9\u0644 \u0632\u06cc\u0631 \u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u0645:<\/p>\n\n\n<p style=\"direction:ltr;text-align:left!important\">\n<code><span style=\"color:green\"># Create an unweighted graph with 4 vertices (Nodes)<\/span><\/code><br \/>\n<code>unweighted_graph = Graph(4)<\/code>\n<\/p>\n<p style=\"direction:ltr;text-align:left!important\">\n<code><span style=\"color:green\"># Add edges<\/span><\/code><br \/>\n<code>unweighted_graph.add_edge(0, 1)<\/code><br \/>\n<code>unweighted_graph.add_edge(0, 2)<\/code><br \/>\n<code>unweighted_graph.add_edge(0, 3)<\/code><br \/>\n<code>unweighted_graph.add_edge(1, 2)<\/code>\n<\/p>\n<p style=\"direction:ltr;text-align:left!important\">\n<code><span style=\"color:green\"># Display the Degree Matrix<\/span><\/code><br \/>\n<code>print(\"Degree Matrix:\")<\/code><br \/>\n<code>unweighted_graph.display()<\/code>\n<\/p>\n<p style=\"direction:ltr;text-align:left!important\">\n<strong>Degree Matrix:<\/strong><br \/>\n[3, 0, 0, 0]<br \/>\n[0, 2, 0, 0]<br \/>\n[0, 0, 2, 0]<br \/>\n[0, 0, 0, 1]<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0627\u06af\u0631 \u0628\u062e\u0648\u0627\u0647\u06cc\u0645 \u0645\u0627\u062a\u0631\u06cc\u0633 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0647 \u06cc\u06a9 \u06af\u0631\u0627\u0641 \u0648\u0632\u0646\u200c\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0631\u0627 \u0628\u0633\u0627\u0632\u06cc\u0645\u060c \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0646\u06cc\u0645 \u0648\u0632\u0646 \u06cc\u0627\u0644\u200c\u0647\u0627 \u0631\u0627 \u0628\u0647 \u0639\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0646 \u0648\u0631\u0648\u062f\u06cc \u0628\u0647 \u0645\u062a\u062f add_edge \u0628\u062f\u0647\u06cc\u0645. \u0628\u0647\u200c\u0627\u06cc\u0646\u200c\u062a\u0631\u062a\u06cc\u0628 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0647 \u0647\u0631 \u0631\u0627\u0633 \u0628\u0627\u062a\u0648\u062c\u0647 \u0628\u0647 \u0648\u0632\u0646 \u06cc\u0627\u0644\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0645\u062a\u0635\u0644 \u0628\u0647 \u0622\u0646 \u0645\u062d\u0627\u0633\u0628\u0647 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u0634\u0648\u062f. \u06cc\u0639\u0646\u06cc \u0627\u06af\u0631 \u06cc\u0627\u0644\u06cc \u0628\u0627 \u0648\u0632\u0646 \u0633\u0647 \u0631\u0627 \u0628\u06cc\u0646 \u0631\u0626\u0648\u0633 \u06f0 \u0648 \u06f1 \u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u062f\u0647\u06cc\u0645\u060c \u0639\u0646\u0635\u0631 \u0631\u0648\u06cc \u0642\u0637\u0631 \u0633\u0637\u0631 \u0645\u0631\u0628\u0648\u0637 \u0628\u0647 \u0647\u0631\u06a9\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0632 \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u062f\u0648 \u0631\u0627\u0633 \u062f\u0631 \u0645\u0627\u062a\u0631\u06cc\u0633 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0647\u060c \u0628\u0647\u200c\u062c\u0627\u06cc \u06cc\u06a9 \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f \u0628\u0647\u200c\u0627\u0646\u062f\u0627\u0632\u0647 \u0648\u0632\u0646 \u0622\u0646 \u06cc\u0627\u0644 \u06cc\u0639\u0646\u06cc \u0633\u0647 \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f \u0627\u0636\u0627\u0641\u0647 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u0634\u0648\u062f:<\/p>\n\n\n<p style=\"direction:ltr;text-align:left!important\">\n<code><span style=\"color:green\"># Create a weighted graph with 4 vertices (Nodes)<\/span><\/code><br \/>\n<code>weighted_graph = Graph(4)<\/code>\n<\/p>\n<p style=\"direction:ltr;text-align:left!important\">\n<code><span style=\"color:green\"># Add edges<\/span><\/code><br \/>\n<code>weighted_graph.add_edge(0, 1, weight=2)<\/code><br \/>\n<code>weighted_graph.add_edge(0, 2, weight=3)<\/code><br \/>\n<code>weighted_graph.add_edge(0, 3, weight=3)<\/code><br \/>\n<code>weighted_graph.add_edge(1, 2, weight=4)<\/code>\n<\/p>\n<p style=\"direction:ltr;text-align:left!important\">\n<code><span style=\"color:green\"># Display the Degree Matrix<\/span><\/code><br \/>\n<code>print(\"Degree Matrix:\")<\/code><br \/>\n<code>weighted_graph.display()<\/code>\n<\/p>\n<p style=\"direction:ltr;text-align:left!important\">\n<strong>Degree Matrix:<\/strong><br \/>\n[8, 0, 0, 0]<br \/>\n[0, 6, 0, 0]<br \/>\n[0, 0, 7, 0]<br \/>\n[0, 0, 0, 3]<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u0645\u0627\u062a\u0631\u06cc\u0633 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0647 \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u06af\u0631\u0627\u0641\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u062c\u0647\u062a\u200c\u062f\u0627\u0631<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>\u062f\u0631 \u06cc\u06a9 \u06af\u0631\u0627\u0641 \u062c\u0647\u062a\u200c\u062f\u0627\u0631\u060c \u0647\u0631 \u0631\u0627\u0633 \u062f\u0648 \u0646\u0648\u0639 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0647 \u062f\u0627\u0631\u062f: \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0647 \u0648\u0631\u0648\u062f\u06cc (In-degree) \u0648 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0647 \u062e\u0631\u0648\u062c\u06cc (Out-degree). \u0628\u0646\u0627\u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc\u0646\u060c \u0645\u0627\u062a\u0631\u06cc\u0633 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0647 \u062f\u0631 \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u0646\u0648\u0639 \u06af\u0631\u0627\u0641 \u0634\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u062f\u0648 \u0645\u0627\u062a\u0631\u06cc\u0633 \u062c\u062f\u0627\u06af\u0627\u0646\u0647 \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0647\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0648\u0631\u0648\u062f\u06cc \u0648 \u062e\u0631\u0648\u062c\u06cc \u0627\u0633\u062a. \u0631\u062f\u06cc\u0641\u200c\u0647\u0627 \u0648 \u0633\u062a\u0648\u0646\u200c\u0647\u0627 \u062f\u0631 \u0647\u0631 \u062f\u0648 \u0645\u0627\u062a\u0631\u06cc\u0633 \u0646\u0645\u0627\u06cc\u0627\u0646\u06af\u0631 \u0631\u0627\u0633\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u06af\u0631\u0627\u0641 \u0647\u0633\u062a\u0646\u062f\u060c \u0627\u0645\u0627 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u062f\u06cc\u0631 \u0645\u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u062f\u0631 \u0645\u0627\u062a\u0631\u06cc\u0633 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0647 \u0648\u0631\u0648\u062f\u06cc \u062a\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062f \u06cc\u0627\u0644\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc\u06cc \u06a9\u0647 \u0628\u0647 \u0647\u0631 \u0631\u0627\u0633 \u0648\u0627\u0631\u062f \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u0634\u0648\u0646\u062f \u0648 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u062f\u06cc\u0631 \u0645\u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u062f\u0631 \u0645\u0627\u062a\u0631\u06cc\u0633 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0647 \u062e\u0631\u0648\u062c\u06cc \u062a\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062f \u06cc\u0627\u0644\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc\u06cc \u06a9\u0647 \u0627\u0632 \u0647\u0631 \u0631\u0627\u0633 \u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u0634\u0648\u0646\u062f \u0631\u0627 \u0646\u0634\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u062f\u0647\u0646\u062f.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u062f\u0631\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639 \u0627\u06af\u0631 \u06cc\u06a9 \u06af\u0631\u0627\u0641 \u062c\u0647\u062a\u200c\u062f\u0627\u0631 G \u0628\u0627 n \u0631\u0627\u0633 \u062f\u0627\u0634\u062a\u0647 \u0628\u0627\u0634\u06cc\u0645\u060c \u0645\u0627\u062a\u0631\u06cc\u0633 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0647 \u0648\u0631\u0648\u062f\u06cc \u0622\u0646 \u06cc\u06a9 \u0645\u0627\u062a\u0631\u06cc\u0633 n\u00d7n \u062e\u0648\u0627\u0647\u062f \u0628\u0648\u062f \u06a9\u0647 \u062f\u0631 \u0622\u0646 \u0647\u0631 \u0639\u0646\u0635\u0631 (i, i) \u0646\u0634\u0627\u0646\u200c\u062f\u0647\u0646\u062f\u0647 \u062a\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062f \u06cc\u0627\u0644\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0648\u0631\u0648\u062f\u06cc \u0628\u0647 \u0631\u0627\u0633 i \u0627\u0633\u062a \u0648 \u0645\u0627\u062a\u0631\u06cc\u0633 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0647 \u062e\u0631\u0648\u062c\u06cc \u0622\u0646 \u06cc\u06a9 \u0645\u0627\u062a\u0631\u06cc\u0633 n\u00d7n \u062e\u0648\u0627\u0647\u062f \u0628\u0648\u062f \u06a9\u0647 \u062f\u0631 \u0622\u0646 \u0647\u0631 \u0639\u0646\u0635\u0631 (i, i) \u0646\u0634\u0627\u0646\u200c\u062f\u0647\u0646\u062f\u0647 \u062a\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062f \u06cc\u0627\u0644\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u062e\u0631\u0648\u062c\u06cc \u0627\u0632 \u0631\u0627\u0633 i \u0627\u0633\u062a.<\/p>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter size-full is-resized\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/cafetadris.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/image-78.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-18160\" width=\"331\" height=\"513\" srcset=\"https:\/\/cafetadris.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/image-78.png 443w, https:\/\/cafetadris.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/image-78-194x300.png 194w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 331px) 100vw, 331px\" \/><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u0646\u062d\u0648\u0647 \u0633\u0627\u062e\u062a \u0648 \u06a9\u0627\u0631 \u0628\u0627 \u0645\u0627\u062a\u0631\u06cc\u0633 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0647 \u06af\u0631\u0627\u0641 \u062c\u0647\u062a\u200c\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u062f\u0631 \u067e\u0627\u06cc\u062a\u0648\u0646<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p>\u062f\u0631\u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u0628\u062e\u0634 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u062e\u0648\u0627\u0647\u06cc\u0645 \u0645\u0627\u062a\u0631\u06cc\u0633 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0647 \u06af\u0631\u0627\u0641\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u062c\u0647\u062a\u200c\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0631\u0627 \u062f\u0631\u067e\u0627\u06cc\u062a\u0648\u0646 \u0628\u0633\u0627\u0632\u06cc\u0645. \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u0627\u06cc\u0646\u200c\u0645\u0646\u0638\u0648\u0631\u060c \u06cc\u06a9\u200c\u06a9\u0644\u0627\u0633 \u0628\u0647\u200c\u0646\u0627\u0645 DirectedGraph \u0627\u06cc\u062c\u0627\u062f \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u0645. \u062f\u0631\u0645\u062a\u062f __init__ \u0627\u06cc\u0646\u200c\u06a9\u0644\u0627\u0633\u060c \u062a\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062f \u0631\u0627\u0633\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u06af\u0631\u0627\u0641 (num_vertices) \u0631\u0627 \u0628\u0647\u200c\u0639\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0646 \u0648\u0631\u0648\u062f\u06cc \u062a\u0639\u06cc\u06cc\u0646 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u0645 \u0648 \u062f\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a\u0631\u06cc\u0633 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0647 \u0648\u0631\u0648\u062f\u06cc \u0648 \u062e\u0631\u0648\u062c\u06cc \u06af\u0631\u0627\u0641 \u0631\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0627\u0628\u0639\u0627\u062f num_vertices \u00d7 num_vertices \u0627\u06cc\u062c\u0627\u062f \u0648 \u0622\u0646\u200c\u0647\u0627 \u0631\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0635\u0641\u0631 \u067e\u0631 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u0645. \u0627\u0632 \u0645\u062a\u062f add_edge \u0646\u06cc\u0632 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u0645 \u062a\u0627 \u0628\u0639\u062f\u0627\u0632 \u0627\u0636\u0627\u0641\u0647 \u06a9\u0631\u062f\u0646 \u0647\u0631 \u06cc\u0627\u0644\u060c \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0647 \u0631\u0626\u0648\u0633 \u0645\u0628\u062f\u0627 \u062f\u0631\u0645\u0627\u062a\u0631\u06cc\u0633 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0647 \u062e\u0631\u0648\u062c\u06cc \u0648 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0647 \u0631\u0626\u0648\u0633 \u0645\u0642\u0635\u062f \u062f\u0631\u0645\u0627\u062a\u0631\u06cc\u0633 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0647 \u0648\u0631\u0648\u062f\u06cc \u0645\u0631\u0628\u0648\u0637 \u0628\u0647\u200c\u0622\u0646 \u06cc\u0627\u0644 \u06cc\u06a9\u200c\u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f \u0627\u0636\u0627\u0641\u0647 \u0634\u0648\u062f. \u0645\u0627\u062a\u0631\u06cc\u0633\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0647 \u0628\u0627\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0627\u0632 \u0627\u06cc\u0646\u200c\u062f\u0631\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0633\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0647\u200c\u0645\u06cc\u200c\u0634\u0648\u0646\u062f\u060c \u0628\u0647\u200c\u0637\u0648\u0631\u06cc \u06a9\u0647 \u0639\u0646\u0627\u0635\u0631 \u0642\u0637\u0631\u06cc \u0645\u0627\u062a\u0631\u06cc\u0633\u200c \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0647 \u0648\u0631\u0648\u062f\u06cc \u0634\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u062a\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062f \u06cc\u0627\u0644\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0648\u0627\u0631\u062f\u0634\u0648\u0646\u062f\u0647 \u0628\u0647 \u200c\u0647\u0631\u0631\u0627\u0633 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u0628\u0627\u0634\u0646\u062f \u0648 \u0639\u0646\u0627\u0635\u0631 \u0642\u0637\u0631\u06cc \u0645\u0627\u062a\u0631\u06cc\u0633\u200c \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0647 \u062e\u0631\u0648\u062c\u06cc \u0634\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u062a\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062f \u06cc\u0627\u0644\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c\u200c\u0634\u0648\u0646\u062f\u0647 \u0627\u0632 \u0647\u0631\u0631\u0627\u0633 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u0628\u0627\u0634\u0646\u062f. \u0633\u0627\u06cc\u0631 \u062f\u0631\u0627\u06cc\u0647\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0645\u0627\u062a\u0631\u06cc\u0633 \u0635\u0641\u0631 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u0645\u0627\u0646\u062f. \u0633\u067e\u0633 \u0628\u0627\u0645\u062a\u062f display \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u062f\u0648 \u0645\u0627\u062a\u0631\u06cc\u0633 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0647 \u0631\u0627 \u0628\u0647\u200c\u0635\u0648\u0631\u062a \u0633\u0637\u0631\u0628\u0647\u200c\u0633\u0637\u0631 \u0646\u0645\u0627\u06cc\u0634 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u062f\u0647\u06cc\u0645:<\/p>\n\n\n<p style=\"direction:ltr;text-align:left!important\">\n<code>class DirectedGraph:<\/code><br \/>\n<code>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;def __init__(self, num_vertices):<\/code><br \/>\n<code>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span style=\"color:green\"># Initialize the graph with a specified number of vertices<\/span><\/code><br \/>\n<code>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;self.num_vertices = num_vertices<\/code><br \/>\n<code>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span style=\"color:green\"># Initialize the in-degree and out-degree matrices with zeros<\/span><\/code><br \/>\n<code>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;self.in_degree_matrix = [[0] * num_vertices for _ in range(num_vertices)]<\/code><br \/>\n<code>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;self.out_degree_matrix = [[0] * num_vertices for _ in range(num_vertices)]<\/code><br \/>\n<code>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;def add_edge(self, from_vertex, to_vertex, weight=1):<\/code><br \/>\n<code>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span style=\"color:green\"># Add an edge from 'from_vertex' to 'to_vertex'<\/span><\/code><br \/>\n<code>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;self.out_degree_matrix[from_vertex][from_vertex] += weight<\/code><br \/>\n<code>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;self.in_degree_matrix[to_vertex][to_vertex] += weight<\/code><br \/>\n<code>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;def display_in_degree_matrix(self):<\/code><br \/>\n<code>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span style=\"color:green\"># Display the in-degree matrix row by row<\/span><\/code><br \/>\n<code>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;for row in self.in_degree_matrix:<\/code><br \/>\n<code>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;print(row)<\/code><br \/>\n<code>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;def display_out_degree_matrix(self):<\/code><br \/>\n<code>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span style=\"color:green\"># Display the out-degree matrix row by row<\/span><\/code><br \/>\n<code>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;for row in self.out_degree_matrix:<\/code><br \/>\n<code>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;print(row)<\/code><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u062f\u0631 \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u06a9\u0644\u0627\u0633\u060c \u0648\u0632\u0646 \u067e\u06cc\u0634\u200c\u0641\u0631\u0636 \u06cc\u0627\u0644\u200c\u0647\u0627 \u062f\u0631 \u0645\u062a\u062f add_edge \u0628\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0631 \u0628\u0627 \u06f1 \u062a\u0639\u06cc\u06cc\u0646\u200c \u0634\u062f\u0647\u200c \u0627\u0633\u062a. \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u0628\u062f\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u0639\u0646\u0627 \u0627\u0633\u062a \u06a9\u0647 \u0627\u06af\u0631 \u06af\u0631\u0627\u0641\u06cc \u06a9\u0647 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u062e\u0648\u0627\u0647\u06cc\u0645 \u0622\u0646 \u0631\u0627 \u0631\u0633\u0645 \u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u0645 \u0628\u062f\u0648\u0646 \u0648\u0632\u0646 \u0628\u0627\u0634\u062f\u060c \u0646\u06cc\u0627\u0632\u06cc \u0628\u0647 \u062a\u063a\u06cc\u06cc\u0631 \u0648\u0631\u0648\u062f\u06cc weight \u0646\u062f\u0627\u0631\u06cc\u0645 \u0648 \u062a\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0627 \u062a\u0639\u06cc\u06cc\u0646 \u0631\u0626\u0648\u0633 \u06cc\u0627\u0644 \u0645\u0648\u0631\u062f \u0646\u0638\u0631 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u0627\u062a\u0631\u06cc\u0633\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0647 \u06af\u0631\u0627\u0641 \u062c\u0647\u062a\u200c\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0631\u0627 \u062a\u0634\u06a9\u06cc\u0644 \u062f\u0627\u062f \u0648 \u0627\u0632 \u0622\u0646 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u06a9\u0631\u062f. \u0628\u0647\u200c\u0639\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644\u060c \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u062a\u0639\u0631\u06cc\u0641 \u0645\u0627\u062a\u0631\u06cc\u0633\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0647 \u06cc\u06a9 \u06af\u0631\u0627\u0641 \u0628\u062f\u0648\u0646 \u0648\u0632\u0646 \u0628\u0647\u200c\u0634\u06a9\u0644 \u0632\u06cc\u0631 \u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u0645:<\/p>\n\n\n<p style=\"direction:ltr;text-align:left!important\">\n<code><span style=\"color:green\"># Create an unweighted graph with 4 vertices (Nodes)<\/span><\/code><br \/>\n<code>unweighted_graph = DirectedGraph(4)<\/code>\n<\/p>\n<p style=\"direction:ltr;text-align:left!important\">\n<code><span style=\"color:green\"># Add edges<\/span><\/code><br \/>\n<code>unweighted_graph.add_edge(0, 1)<\/code><br \/>\n<code>unweighted_graph.add_edge(0, 2)<\/code><br \/>\n<code>unweighted_graph.add_edge(0, 3)<\/code><br \/>\n<code>unweighted_graph.add_edge(2, 0)<\/code>\n<\/p>\n<p style=\"direction:ltr;text-align:left!important\">\n<code><span style=\"color:green\"># Display the In-Degree Matrix<\/span><\/code><br \/>\n<code>print(\"In-Degree Matrix:\")<\/code><br \/>\n<code>unweighted_graph.display_in_degree_matrix()<\/code><br \/>\n<code><span style=\"color:green\"># Display the Out-Degree Matrix<\/span><\/code><br \/>\n<code>print(\"Out-Degree Matrix:\")<\/code><br \/>\n<code>unweighted_graph.display_out_degree_matrix()<\/code>\n<\/p>\n<p style=\"direction:ltr;text-align:left!important\">\n<strong>In-Degree Matrix:<\/strong><br \/>\n[0, 0, 0, 0]<br \/>\n[0, 1, 0, 0]<br \/>\n[0, 0, 1, 0]<br \/>\n[0, 0, 0, 1]\n<\/p>\n<p style=\"direction:ltr;text-align:left!important\">\n<strong>Out-Degree Matrix:<\/strong><br \/>\n[3, 0, 0, 0]<br \/>\n[0, 0, 0, 0]<br \/>\n[0, 0, 1, 0]<br \/>\n[0, 0, 0, 0]<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0627\u06af\u0631 \u0628\u062e\u0648\u0627\u0647\u06cc\u0645 \u0645\u0627\u062a\u0631\u06cc\u0633\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0647 \u06cc\u06a9 \u06af\u0631\u0627\u0641 \u062c\u0647\u062a\u200c\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0648 \u0648\u0632\u0646\u200c\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0631\u0627 \u0628\u0633\u0627\u0632\u06cc\u0645\u060c \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0646\u06cc\u0645 \u0648\u0632\u0646 \u06cc\u0627\u0644\u200c\u0647\u0627 \u0631\u0627 \u0628\u0647 \u0639\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0646 \u0648\u0631\u0648\u062f\u06cc \u0628\u0647 \u0645\u062a\u062f add_edge \u0628\u062f\u0647\u06cc\u0645. \u0628\u0647\u200c\u0627\u06cc\u0646\u200c\u062a\u0631\u062a\u06cc\u0628 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0647 \u0648\u0631\u0648\u062f\u06cc \u0647\u0631\u0631\u0627\u0633 \u0628\u0627\u062a\u0648\u062c\u0647 \u0628\u0647\u200c\u0648\u0632\u0646 \u06cc\u0627\u0644\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0648\u0627\u0631\u062f\u0634\u0648\u0646\u062f\u0647 \u0628\u0647\u200c\u0622\u0646 \u0648 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0647 \u062e\u0631\u0648\u062c\u06cc \u0647\u0631 \u0631\u0627\u0633 \u0628\u0627\u062a\u0648\u062c\u0647 \u0628\u0647\u200c\u0648\u0632\u0646 \u06cc\u0627\u0644\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c\u200c\u0634\u0648\u0646\u062f\u0647 \u0627\u0632 \u0622\u0646 \u0645\u062d\u0627\u0633\u0628\u0647 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u0634\u0648\u062f. \u06cc\u0639\u0646\u06cc \u0627\u06af\u0631 \u06cc\u0627\u0644\u06cc \u0628\u0627 \u0648\u0632\u0646 \u0633\u0647 \u0631\u0627 \u0627\u0632 \u0631\u0627\u0633 \u06f0 \u0628\u0647 \u06f1 \u0628\u0628\u0631\u06cc\u0645\u060c \u0639\u0646\u0635\u0631 \u0631\u0648\u06cc \u0642\u0637\u0631 \u0633\u0637\u0631 \u06f1 \u062f\u0631 \u0645\u0627\u062a\u0631\u06cc\u0633 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0647 \u0648\u0631\u0648\u062f\u06cc\u060c \u0628\u0647\u200c\u062c\u0627\u06cc \u06cc\u06a9 \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f \u0628\u0647\u200c\u0627\u0646\u062f\u0627\u0632\u0647 \u0633\u0647 \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f \u0648 \u0646\u06cc\u0632 \u0639\u0646\u0635\u0631 \u0631\u0648\u06cc \u0642\u0637\u0631 \u0633\u0637\u0631 \u06f0 \u062f\u0631 \u0645\u0627\u062a\u0631\u06cc\u0633 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0647 \u062e\u0631\u0648\u062c\u06cc\u060c \u0628\u0647\u200c\u062c\u0627\u06cc \u06cc\u06a9 \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f \u0628\u0647\u200c\u0627\u0646\u062f\u0627\u0632\u0647 \u0633\u0647 \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f \u0627\u0636\u0627\u0641\u0647 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u0634\u0648\u062f:<\/p>\n\n\n<p style=\"direction:ltr;text-align:left!important\">\n<code><span style=\"color:green\"># Create a weighted graph with 4 vertices (Nodes)<\/span><\/code><br \/>\n<code>weighted_graph = DirectedGraph(4)<\/code>\n<\/p>\n<p style=\"direction:ltr;text-align:left!important\">\n<code><span style=\"color:green\"># Add edges<\/span><\/code><br \/>\n<code>weighted_graph.add_edge(0, 1, weight=2)<\/code><br \/>\n<code>weighted_graph.add_edge(0, 2, weight=3)<\/code><br \/>\n<code>weighted_graph.add_edge(2, 0, weight=4)<\/code><br \/>\n<code>weighted_graph.add_edge(3, 1, weight=3)<\/code>\n<\/p>\n<p style=\"direction:ltr;text-align:left!important\">\n<code><span style=\"color:green\"># Display the In-Degree Matrix<\/span><\/code><br \/>\n<code>print(\"In-Degree Matrix:\")<\/code><br \/>\n<code>weighted_graph.display_in_degree_matrix()<\/code><br \/>\n<code><span style=\"color:green\"># Display the Out-Degree Matrix<\/span><\/code><br \/>\n<code>print(\"Out-Degree Matrix:\")<\/code><br \/>\n<code>weighted_graph.display_out_degree_matrix()<\/code>\n<\/p>\n<p style=\"direction:ltr;text-align:left!important\">\n<strong>In-Degree Matrix:<\/strong><br \/>\n[0, 0, 0, 0]<br \/>\n[0, 5, 0, 0]<br \/>\n[0, 0, 3, 0]<br \/>\n[0, 0, 0, 0]\n<\/p>\n<p style=\"direction:ltr;text-align:left!important\">\n<strong>Out-Degree Matrix:<\/strong><br \/>\n[5, 0, 0, 0]<br \/>\n[0, 0, 0, 0]<br \/>\n[0, 0, 4, 0]<br \/>\n[0, 0, 0, 3]<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u06cc\u0627\u0641\u062a\u0646 \u0645\u0627\u062a\u0631\u06cc\u0633 \u0644\u0627\u067e\u0644\u0627\u0633\u06cc \u0628\u0647\u200c\u06a9\u0645\u06a9 \u0645\u0627\u062a\u0631\u06cc\u0633\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0645\u062c\u0627\u0648\u0631\u062a \u0648 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0647<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0645\u0627\u062a\u0631\u06cc\u0633 \u0644\u0627\u067e\u0644\u0627\u0633\u06cc \u06cc\u06a9 \u06af\u0631\u0627\u0641\u060c \u0645\u0627\u062a\u0631\u06cc\u0633\u06cc \u0627\u0633\u062a \u06a9\u0647 \u0627\u0632 \u062a\u0641\u0631\u06cc\u0642 \u0645\u0627\u062a\u0631\u06cc\u0633 \u0645\u062c\u0627\u0648\u0631\u062a \u0627\u0632 \u0645\u0627\u062a\u0631\u06cc\u0633 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0647 \u0628\u0647\u200c\u062f\u0633\u062a \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u0622\u06cc\u062f. \u0641\u0631\u0645\u0648\u0644 \u0645\u062d\u0627\u0633\u0628\u0647 \u0645\u0627\u062a\u0631\u06cc\u0633 \u0644\u0627\u067e\u0644\u0627\u0633\u06cc \u0628\u0647 \u0635\u0648\u0631\u062a \u0632\u06cc\u0631 \u0627\u0633\u062a:<\/p>\n\n\n<p style=\"direction:ltr;text-align:center!important\">\n<span class=\"wp-katex-eq\" data-display=\"false\">\\large A - D = L<\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u06a9\u0647 \u062f\u0631 \u0622\u0646&nbsp;D \u0645\u0627\u062a\u0631\u06cc\u0633 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0647 \u0648 A \u0645\u0627\u062a\u0631\u06cc\u0633 \u0645\u062c\u0627\u0648\u0631\u062a \u0627\u0633\u062a.<\/p>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter size-full is-resized\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/cafetadris.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/image-79.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-18161\" width=\"657\" height=\"226\" srcset=\"https:\/\/cafetadris.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/image-79.png 983w, https:\/\/cafetadris.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/image-79-300x103.png 300w, https:\/\/cafetadris.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/image-79-768x265.png 768w, https:\/\/cafetadris.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/image-79-585x202.png 585w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 657px) 100vw, 657px\" \/><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n<p>\u0634\u0627\u06cc\u062f \u0628\u067e\u0631\u0633\u06cc\u062f \u0645\u0627\u062a\u0631\u06cc\u0633 \u0644\u0627\u067e\u0644\u0627\u0633\u06cc \u0628\u0647 \u0686\u0647 \u062f\u0631\u062f\u06cc \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u062e\u0648\u0631\u062f\u060c \u0628\u0627\u06cc\u062f \u0628\u06af\u0648\u06cc\u06cc\u0645 \u06a9\u0647 \u0628\u0627 \u0645\u062d\u0627\u0633\u0628\u0647 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u062f\u06cc\u0631 \u0648\u06cc\u0698\u0647 (Eigenvalues) \u0648 \u0628\u0631\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0648\u06cc\u0698\u0647 (Eigenvectors) \u0645\u0627\u062a\u0631\u06cc\u0633 \u0644\u0627\u067e\u0644\u0627\u0633\u06cc\u060c \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0632\u06cc\u0627\u062f\u06cc \u062f\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0647 \u0633\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0627\u0631 \u06af\u0631\u0627\u0641 \u0628\u0647\u200c\u062f\u0633\u062a \u0622\u0648\u0631\u062f. \u0628\u0647 \u0639\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644\u060c \u06a9\u0648\u0686\u06a9\u062a\u0631\u06cc\u0646 \u0645\u0642\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0648\u06cc\u0698\u0647 (\u06a9\u0647 \u0628\u0647 \u0622\u0646 \u0645\u0642\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0648\u06cc\u0698\u0647 \u0635\u0641\u0631 \u0646\u06cc\u0632 \u06af\u0641\u062a\u0647 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u0634\u0648\u062f) \u0646\u0634\u0627\u0646\u200c\u062f\u0647\u0646\u062f\u0647 \u062a\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062f \u0645\u0648\u0644\u0641\u0647\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0647\u0645\u0628\u0646\u062f \u06af\u0631\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0633\u062a.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u0628\u0631\u0631\u0633\u06cc \u067e\u06cc\u0686\u06cc\u062f\u06af\u06cc \u0632\u0645\u0627\u0646\u06cc \u0648 \u0645\u06a9\u0627\u0646\u06cc \u0645\u0627\u062a\u0631\u06cc\u0633 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0647<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u067e\u06cc\u0686\u06cc\u062f\u06af\u06cc \u0645\u06a9\u0627\u0646\u06cc: \u0627\u0632 \u0622\u0646\u062c\u0627 \u06a9\u0647 \u0645\u0627\u062a\u0631\u06cc\u0633 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0647 \u06cc\u06a9 \u0645\u0627\u062a\u0631\u06cc\u0633 \u0642\u0637\u0631\u06cc \u0627\u0633\u062a\u060c \u0641\u0636\u0627\u06cc \u0630\u062e\u06cc\u0631\u0647\u200c\u0633\u0627\u0632\u06cc \u0622\u0646 O(n) \u0627\u0633\u062a\u060c \u0632\u06cc\u0631\u0627 \u0641\u0642\u0637 \u0639\u0646\u0627\u0635\u0631 \u0642\u0637\u0631 \u0627\u0635\u0644\u06cc \u062f\u0627\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u0645\u0642\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0647\u0633\u062a\u0646\u062f.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u067e\u06cc\u0686\u06cc\u062f\u06af\u06cc \u0632\u0645\u0627\u0646\u06cc: \u0645\u062d\u0627\u0633\u0628\u0647 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u06cc\u0627\u062a\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641 \u0628\u0631 \u0631\u0648\u06cc \u0645\u0627\u062a\u0631\u06cc\u0633 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0647 \u0645\u0639\u0645\u0648\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0628\u0647 \u0632\u0645\u0627\u0646 O(n) \u0646\u06cc\u0627\u0632 \u062f\u0627\u0631\u062f\u060c \u0632\u06cc\u0631\u0627 \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u0647\u0631 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u06cc\u0627\u062a \u0628\u0627\u06cc\u062f \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0647 \u0647\u0631 \u0631\u0627\u0633 \u0628\u0631\u0631\u0633\u06cc \u0648 \u0645\u062d\u0627\u0633\u0628\u0647 \u0634\u0648\u062f.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u06a9\u0627\u0631\u0628\u0631\u062f\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0645\u0627\u062a\u0631\u06cc\u0633 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0647<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0645\u0627\u062a\u0631\u06cc\u0633 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0647 \u062f\u0631 \u062f\u0646\u06cc\u0627\u06cc \u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639\u06cc \u0646\u06cc\u0632 \u06a9\u0627\u0631\u0628\u0631\u062f\u0647\u0627\u06cc\u06cc \u062f\u0627\u0631\u062f \u06a9\u0647 \u062f\u0631 \u0627\u062f\u0627\u0645\u0647 \u0622\u0646\u200c\u0647\u0627 \u0631\u0627 \u0628\u0631\u0631\u0633\u06cc \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u0645:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u062a\u062d\u0644\u06cc\u0644 \u0634\u0628\u06a9\u0647\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u06cc<\/h4>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter size-full\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1004\" height=\"545\" src=\"https:\/\/cafetadris.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/Karate-club.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-18627\" srcset=\"https:\/\/cafetadris.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/Karate-club.png 1004w, https:\/\/cafetadris.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/Karate-club-300x163.png 300w, https:\/\/cafetadris.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/Karate-club-768x417.png 768w, https:\/\/cafetadris.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/Karate-club-585x318.png 585w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1004px) 100vw, 1004px\" \/><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n<p>\u062f\u0631 \u0634\u0628\u06a9\u0647\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u06cc\u060c \u0645\u0627\u062a\u0631\u06cc\u0633 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0647 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0646\u062f \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u062a\u062d\u0644\u06cc\u0644 \u0627\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0637\u0627\u062a \u0648 \u062a\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0628\u06cc\u0646 \u06a9\u0627\u0631\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0634\u0648\u062f. \u0628\u0647 \u0639\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644\u060c \u0628\u0627 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0627\u0632 \u0645\u0627\u062a\u0631\u06cc\u0633 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0647 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0646 \u06a9\u0627\u0631\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u067e\u0631\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0631\u0627 \u0634\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0627\u06cc\u06cc \u06a9\u0631\u062f \u0648 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u0698\u06cc\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628 \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u0627\u0641\u0632\u0627\u06cc\u0634 \u062a\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0627\u062a \u06a9\u0627\u0631\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u0628\u0627 \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u0627\u0641\u0631\u0627\u062f \u0627\u06cc\u062c\u0627\u062f \u06a9\u0631\u062f.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u062a\u062d\u0644\u06cc\u0644 \u062f\u0627\u062f\u0647\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0628\u0632\u0631\u06af<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0645\u0627\u062a\u0631\u06cc\u0633 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0647 \u062f\u0631 \u062a\u062d\u0644\u06cc\u0644 \u062f\u0627\u062f\u0647\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0628\u0632\u0631\u06af \u0648 \u067e\u06cc\u0686\u06cc\u062f\u0647 \u0645\u0627\u0646\u0646\u062f \u0634\u0628\u06a9\u0647\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0627\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0637\u06cc\u060c \u0634\u0628\u06a9\u0647\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u062d\u0645\u0644 \u0648 \u0646\u0642\u0644 \u0648 \u0634\u0628\u06a9\u0647\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0627\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0639\u0627\u062a\u06cc \u0628\u0633\u06cc\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u0641\u06cc\u062f \u0627\u0633\u062a. \u0628\u0647 \u0639\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644\u060c \u062f\u0631 \u0634\u0628\u06a9\u0647\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u062d\u0645\u0644 \u0648 \u0646\u0642\u0644\u060c \u0645\u0627\u062a\u0631\u06cc\u0633 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0647 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0646\u062f \u0646\u0642\u0627\u0637 \u067e\u0631\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0641\u06cc\u06a9 \u0648 \u067e\u0631\u0627\u0632\u062f\u062d\u0627\u0645 \u0631\u0627 \u0634\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0627\u06cc\u06cc \u06a9\u0631\u062f\u0647 \u0648 \u0631\u0627\u0647\u06a9\u0627\u0631\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0628\u0647\u06cc\u0646\u0647\u200c\u0633\u0627\u0632\u06cc \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u06a9\u0627\u0647\u0634 \u062a\u0631\u0627\u0641\u06cc\u06a9 \u0627\u0631\u0627\u0626\u0647 \u062f\u0647\u062f.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u0645\u0627\u062a\u0631\u06cc\u0633 \u0631\u062e\u062f\u0627\u062f<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0645\u0627\u062a\u0631\u06cc\u0633 \u0631\u062e\u062f\u0627\u062f (Incidence Matrix) \u0645\u0627\u062a\u0631\u06cc\u0633\u06cc \u0627\u0633\u062a \u06a9\u0647 \u0646\u0634\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u062f\u0647\u062f \u0647\u0631 \u06cc\u0627\u0644 \u06af\u0631\u0627\u0641 \u0628\u0647 \u06a9\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0631\u0627\u0633\u200c\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u062a\u0635\u0644 \u0627\u0633\u062a. \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u0645\u0627\u062a\u0631\u06cc\u0633 \u0628\u0647\u200c\u0648\u06cc\u0698\u0647 \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u062a\u062d\u0644\u06cc\u0644 \u06af\u0631\u0627\u0641\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u062c\u0647\u062a\u200c\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0648 \u067e\u06cc\u0686\u06cc\u062f\u0647 \u0628\u0633\u06cc\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u0641\u06cc\u062f \u0627\u0633\u062a. \u062f\u0631 \u0645\u0627\u062a\u0631\u06cc\u0633 \u0631\u062e\u062f\u0627\u062f\u060c \u0647\u0631 \u0633\u0637\u0631 \u0646\u0645\u0627\u06cc\u0627\u0646\u06af\u0631 \u06cc\u06a9 \u0631\u0627\u0633 \u0648 \u0647\u0631 \u0633\u062a\u0648\u0646 \u0646\u0645\u0627\u06cc\u0627\u0646\u06af\u0631 \u06cc\u06a9 \u06cc\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0633\u062a. \u0645\u0627\u0646\u0646\u062f \u062f\u0648 \u0645\u0627\u062a\u0631\u06cc\u0633 \u0642\u0628\u0644\u06cc\u060c \u0645\u0627\u062a\u0631\u06cc\u0633 \u0631\u062e\u062f\u0627\u062f \u0646\u06cc\u0632 \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u06af\u0631\u0627\u0641\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641 \u0628\u0647\u200c\u0631\u0648\u0634\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u06cc \u062a\u0639\u0631\u06cc\u0641 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u0634\u0648\u062f. \u0628\u0647\u200c\u0647\u0645\u06cc\u0646 \u062f\u0644\u06cc\u0644 \u062f\u0631\u0627\u062f\u0627\u0645\u0647 \u0647\u0631 \u06cc\u06a9 \u0631\u0627 \u062c\u062f\u0627\u06af\u0627\u0646\u0647 \u0628\u0631\u0631\u0633\u06cc \u062e\u0648\u0627\u0647\u06cc\u0645 \u06a9\u0631\u062f:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u0645\u0627\u062a\u0631\u06cc\u0633 \u0631\u062e\u062f\u0627\u062f \u062f\u0631 \u06af\u0631\u0627\u0641\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0628\u06cc\u200c\u062c\u0647\u062a<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0641\u0631\u0636 \u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u062f \u06cc\u06a9 \u06af\u0631\u0627\u0641 \u0628\u062f\u0648\u0646 \u0648\u0632\u0646 \u0648 \u0628\u06cc\u200c\u062c\u0647\u062a G \u062f\u0627\u0631\u06cc\u0645 \u06a9\u0647 \u0634\u0627\u0645\u0644 n \u0631\u0627\u0633 \u0648 e \u06cc\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0633\u062a. \u0645\u0627\u062a\u0631\u06cc\u0633 \u0631\u062e\u062f\u0627\u062f \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u06af\u0631\u0627\u0641\u060c \u06cc\u06a9 \u0645\u0627\u062a\u0631\u06cc\u0633 n\u00d7e \u0627\u0633\u062a \u06a9\u0647 \u0628\u0647\u200c\u0635\u0648\u0631\u062a \u0632\u06cc\u0631 \u062a\u0639\u0631\u06cc\u0641 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u0634\u0648\u062f:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u0647\u0631 \u0633\u0637\u0631 \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u0645\u0627\u062a\u0631\u06cc\u0633 \u0645\u0631\u0628\u0648\u0637 \u0628\u0647 \u06cc\u06a9 \u0631\u0627\u0633 \u0648 \u0647\u0631 \u0633\u062a\u0648\u0646\u0634 \u0645\u0631\u0628\u0648\u0637 \u0628\u0647 \u06cc\u06a9 \u06cc\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0632 \u06af\u0631\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0633\u062a.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0627\u06af\u0631 \u0628\u06cc\u0646 \u0631\u0626\u0648\u0633 i \u0648 j \u06cc\u0627\u0644 k \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u062f\u0627\u0634\u062a\u0647 \u0628\u0627\u0634\u062f\u060c \u0645\u0642\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u06f1 \u062f\u0631\u062e\u0627\u0646\u0647\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc (i,k) \u0648 (j,k) \u0645\u0627\u062a\u0631\u06cc\u0633 \u0631\u062e\u062f\u0627\u062f \u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u06af\u06cc\u0631\u062f.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0627\u06af\u0631 \u06cc\u0627\u0644 k \u0628\u0647 \u0631\u0627\u0633 i \u0645\u062a\u0635\u0644 \u0646\u0628\u0627\u0634\u062f\u060c \u0645\u0642\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u06f0 \u062f\u0631\u062e\u0627\u0646\u0647\u200c (i,k) \u0645\u0627\u062a\u0631\u06cc\u0633 \u0631\u062e\u062f\u0627\u062f \u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u06af\u06cc\u0631\u062f.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter size-full is-resized\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/cafetadris.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/image-80.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-18162\" width=\"684\" height=\"356\" srcset=\"https:\/\/cafetadris.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/image-80.png 910w, https:\/\/cafetadris.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/image-80-300x157.png 300w, https:\/\/cafetadris.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/image-80-768x401.png 768w, https:\/\/cafetadris.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/image-80-585x305.png 585w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 684px) 100vw, 684px\" \/><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n<p>\u062d\u0627\u0644 \u0641\u0631\u0636 \u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u062f \u06cc\u06a9 \u06af\u0631\u0627\u0641 \u0648\u0632\u0646\u200c\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0648 \u0628\u06cc\u200c\u062c\u0647\u062a G \u062f\u0627\u0631\u06cc\u0645 \u06a9\u0647 \u0634\u0627\u0645\u0644 n \u0631\u0627\u0633 \u0648 e \u06cc\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0633\u062a. \u0645\u0627\u062a\u0631\u06cc\u0633 \u0631\u062e\u062f\u0627\u062f \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u06af\u0631\u0627\u0641\u060c \u06cc\u06a9 \u0645\u0627\u062a\u0631\u06cc\u0633 n\u00d7e \u0627\u0633\u062a \u06a9\u0647 \u0628\u0647\u200c\u0635\u0648\u0631\u062a \u0632\u06cc\u0631 \u062a\u0639\u0631\u06cc\u0641 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u0634\u0648\u062f:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u0647\u0631 \u0633\u0637\u0631 \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u0645\u0627\u062a\u0631\u06cc\u0633 \u0645\u0631\u0628\u0648\u0637 \u0628\u0647 \u06cc\u06a9 \u0631\u0627\u0633 \u0648 \u0647\u0631 \u0633\u062a\u0648\u0646\u0634 \u0645\u0631\u0628\u0648\u0637 \u0628\u0647 \u06cc\u06a9 \u06cc\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0632 \u06af\u0631\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0633\u062a.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0627\u06af\u0631 \u0628\u06cc\u0646 \u0631\u0626\u0648\u0633 i \u0648 j \u06cc\u0627\u0644 k \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u062f\u0627\u0634\u062a\u0647 \u0628\u0627\u0634\u062f\u060c \u0648\u0632\u0646 \u0622\u0646 \u06cc\u0627\u0644 \u062f\u0631\u062e\u0627\u0646\u0647\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc (i,k) \u0648 (j,k) \u0645\u0627\u062a\u0631\u06cc\u0633 \u0631\u062e\u062f\u0627\u062f \u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u06af\u06cc\u0631\u062f.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0627\u06af\u0631 \u06cc\u0627\u0644 k \u0628\u0647 \u0631\u0627\u0633 i \u0645\u062a\u0635\u0644 \u0646\u0628\u0627\u0634\u062f\u060c \u0645\u0642\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u06f0 \u062f\u0631\u062e\u0627\u0646\u0647\u200c (i,k) \u0645\u0627\u062a\u0631\u06cc\u0633 \u0631\u062e\u062f\u0627\u062f \u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u06af\u06cc\u0631\u062f.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u0646\u062d\u0648\u0647 \u0633\u0627\u062e\u062a \u0648 \u06a9\u0627\u0631 \u0628\u0627 \u0645\u0627\u062a\u0631\u06cc\u0633 \u0631\u062e\u062f\u0627\u062f \u06af\u0631\u0627\u0641 \u0628\u06cc\u200c\u062c\u0647\u062a \u062f\u0631 \u067e\u0627\u06cc\u062a\u0648\u0646<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u0645\u0646\u0638\u0648\u0631 \u06cc\u06a9 \u06a9\u0644\u0627\u0633 \u0628\u0647 \u0646\u0627\u0645 Graph \u062a\u0639\u0631\u06cc\u0641 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u0645 \u06a9\u0647 \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u0646\u0645\u0627\u06cc\u0634 \u0645\u0627\u062a\u0631\u06cc\u0633 \u0631\u062e\u062f\u0627\u062f \u062f\u0631 \u06af\u0631\u0627\u0641\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0628\u06cc\u200c\u062c\u0647\u062a \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u0634\u0648\u062f. \u062f\u0631 \u0645\u062a\u062f __init__ \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u06a9\u0644\u0627\u0633 \u06a9\u0647 \u062a\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062f \u0631\u0627\u0633\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u06af\u0631\u0627\u0641 \u0631\u0627 \u0628\u0647\u200c\u0639\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0646 \u0648\u0631\u0648\u062f\u06cc \u062f\u0631\u06cc\u0627\u0641\u062a \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u06a9\u0646\u062f\u060c \u06cc\u06a9 \u0645\u0627\u062a\u0631\u06cc\u0633 \u0631\u062e\u062f\u0627\u062f \u062e\u0627\u0644\u06cc \u0627\u06cc\u062c\u0627\u062f \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u0645 \u06a9\u0647 \u0628\u0647 \u0639\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0646 \u0644\u06cc\u0633\u062a\u06cc \u0627\u0632 \u0644\u06cc\u0633\u062a\u200c\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0628\u0647 \u0627\u0632\u0627\u06cc \u0647\u0631 \u0631\u0627\u0633 \u06cc\u06a9 \u0644\u06cc\u0633\u062a \u062e\u0627\u0644\u06cc \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u0633\u0627\u0632\u062f \u0648 \u0647\u0645\u0686\u0646\u06cc\u0646 \u06cc\u06a9 \u0644\u06cc\u0633\u062a \u062e\u0627\u0644\u06cc \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u06cc\u0627\u0644\u200c\u0647\u0627 \u062a\u0639\u0631\u06cc\u0641 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u06a9\u0646\u062f. \u0633\u067e\u0633\u060c \u0645\u062a\u062f add_edge \u0631\u0627 \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u0627\u0641\u0632\u0648\u062f\u0646 \u06cc\u06a9 \u06cc\u0627\u0644 \u0628\u06cc\u0646 \u062f\u0648 \u0631\u0627\u0633 \u0645\u0634\u062e\u0635 \u0627\u06cc\u062c\u0627\u062f \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u0645. \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u0645\u062a\u062f \u0627\u0628\u062a\u062f\u0627 \u06cc\u0627\u0644 \u062c\u062f\u06cc\u062f \u0631\u0627 \u0628\u0647 \u0644\u06cc\u0633\u062a \u06cc\u0627\u0644\u200c\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0636\u0627\u0641\u0647 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u06a9\u0646\u062f \u0648 \u0633\u067e\u0633 \u0645\u0627\u062a\u0631\u06cc\u0633 \u0631\u062e\u062f\u0627\u062f \u0631\u0627 \u0628\u0627 \u0627\u0636\u0627\u0641\u0647 \u06a9\u0631\u062f\u0646 \u06cc\u06a9 \u0633\u062a\u0648\u0646 \u062c\u062f\u06cc\u062f \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u06cc\u0627\u0644 \u062c\u062f\u06cc\u062f \u06af\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0634 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u062f\u0647\u062f. \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u0645\u062a\u062f \u062f\u0631 \u0646\u0647\u0627\u06cc\u062a\u060c \u06cc\u0627\u0644 \u0631\u0627 \u0628\u0647 \u062e\u0627\u0646\u0647\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0645\u0631\u0628\u0648\u0637 \u0628\u0647 \u0633\u062a\u0648\u0646 \u0622\u0646 \u06cc\u0627\u0644 \u0648 \u0633\u0637\u0631 \u0645\u062a\u0646\u0627\u0638\u0631 \u0628\u0627 \u0631\u0627\u0633\u200c \u0645\u0628\u062f\u0627 \u0648 \u0645\u0642\u0635\u062f \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0635 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u062f\u0647\u062f. \u0645\u062a\u062f display \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u0646\u0645\u0627\u06cc\u0634 \u0645\u0627\u062a\u0631\u06cc\u0633 \u0631\u062e\u062f\u0627\u062f \u0628\u0647 \u06a9\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u0631\u0648\u062f \u0648 \u0647\u0631 \u0633\u0637\u0631 \u0627\u0632 \u0645\u0627\u062a\u0631\u06cc\u0633 \u0631\u0627 \u0628\u0647 \u0637\u0648\u0631 \u062c\u062f\u0627\u06af\u0627\u0646\u0647 \u0686\u0627\u067e \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u06a9\u0646\u062f:<\/p>\n\n\n<p style=\"direction:ltr;text-align:left!important\">\n<code>class Graph:<\/code><br \/>\n<code>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;def __init__(self, num_vertices):<\/code><br \/>\n<code>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span style=\"color:green\"># Initialize the graph with a specified number of vertices<\/span><\/code><br \/>\n<code>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;self.num_vertices = num_vertices<\/code><br \/>\n<code>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span style=\"color:green\"># Initialize the incidence matrix as an empty list<\/span><\/code><br \/>\n<code>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;self.incidence_matrix = [[] for _ in range(num_vertices)]<\/code><br \/>\n<code>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;self.edges = []<\/code><br \/>\n<code>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;def add_edge(self, from_vertex, to_vertex, weight=1):<\/code><br \/>\n<code>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span style=\"color:green\"># Add an edge between 'from_vertex' and 'to_vertex' with a specified weight<\/span><\/code><br \/>\n<code>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;self.edges.append((from_vertex, to_vertex, weight))<\/code><br \/>\n<code>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span style=\"color:green\"># Extend the incidence matrix to add a new column for the new edge<\/span><\/code><br \/>\n<code>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;for row in self.incidence_matrix:<\/code><br \/>\n<code>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;row.append(0)<\/code><br \/>\n<code>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span style=\"color:green\"># Get the index of the new edge<\/span><\/code><br \/>\n<code>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;edge_index = len(self.edges) - 1<\/code><br \/>\n<code>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span style=\"color:green\"># Update the incidence matrix<\/span><\/code><br \/>\n<code>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;self.incidence_matrix[from_vertex][edge_index] = weight<\/code><br \/>\n<code>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;self.incidence_matrix[to_vertex][edge_index] = weight<\/code><br \/>\n<code>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;def display(self):<\/code><br \/>\n<code>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span style=\"color:green\"># Display the incidence matrix row by row<\/span><\/code><br \/>\n<code>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;for row in self.incidence_matrix:<\/code><br \/>\n<code>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;print(row)<\/code><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u062f\u0631 \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u06a9\u0644\u0627\u0633\u060c \u0648\u0632\u0646 \u067e\u06cc\u0634\u200c\u0641\u0631\u0636 \u06cc\u0627\u0644\u200c\u0647\u0627 \u062f\u0631 \u0645\u062a\u062f add_edge \u0628\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0631 \u0628\u0627 \u06f1 \u062a\u0639\u06cc\u06cc\u0646\u200c\u0634\u062f\u0647\u200c\u0627\u0633\u062a. \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u0628\u062f\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u0639\u0646\u0627 \u0627\u0633\u062a \u06a9\u0647 \u0627\u06af\u0631 \u06af\u0631\u0627\u0641\u06cc \u06a9\u0647 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u062e\u0648\u0627\u0647\u06cc\u0645 \u0622\u0646 \u0631\u0627 \u0631\u0633\u0645 \u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u0645 \u0628\u062f\u0648\u0646 \u0648\u0632\u0646 \u0628\u0627\u0634\u062f\u060c \u0646\u06cc\u0627\u0632\u06cc \u0628\u0647 \u062a\u063a\u06cc\u06cc\u0631 \u0648\u0631\u0648\u062f\u06cc weight \u0646\u062f\u0627\u0631\u06cc\u0645 \u0648 \u062a\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0627 \u062a\u0639\u06cc\u06cc\u0646 \u0631\u0626\u0648\u0633 \u06cc\u0627\u0644 \u0645\u0648\u0631\u062f \u0646\u0638\u0631 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u0627\u062a\u0631\u06cc\u0633 \u0631\u062e\u062f\u0627\u062f \u06af\u0631\u0627\u0641 \u0631\u0627 \u062a\u0634\u06a9\u06cc\u0644 \u062f\u0627\u062f. \u0628\u0647\u200c\u0639\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644\u060c \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u062a\u0639\u0631\u06cc\u0641 \u0645\u0627\u062a\u0631\u06cc\u0633 \u0631\u062e\u062f\u0627\u062f \u06cc\u06a9 \u06af\u0631\u0627\u0641 \u0628\u06cc\u200c\u062c\u0647\u062a \u0648 \u0628\u062f\u0648\u0646 \u0648\u0632\u0646 \u0628\u0647 \u0634\u06a9\u0644 \u0632\u06cc\u0631 \u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u0645:<\/p>\n\n\n<p style=\"direction:ltr;text-align:left!important\">\n<code><span style=\"color:green\"># Create an unweighted graph with 4 vertices (Nodes)<\/span><\/code><br \/>\n<code>unweighted_graph = Graph(4)<\/code>\n<\/p>\n<p style=\"direction:ltr;text-align:left!important\">\n<code><span style=\"color:green\"># Add edges<\/span><\/code><br \/>\n<code>unweighted_graph.add_edge(0, 1)<\/code><br \/>\n<code>unweighted_graph.add_edge(1, 2)<\/code><br \/>\n<code>unweighted_graph.add_edge(1, 3)<\/code><br \/>\n<code>unweighted_graph.add_edge(3, 1)<\/code><br \/>\n<code>unweighted_graph.add_edge(2, 3)<\/code>\n<\/p>\n<p style=\"direction:ltr;text-align:left!important\">\n<code><span style=\"color:green\"># Display the Incidence Matrix<\/span><\/code><br \/>\n<code>print(\"Incidence Matrix:\")<\/code><br \/>\n<code>unweighted_graph.display()<\/code>\n<\/p>\n<p style=\"direction:ltr;text-align:left!important\">\n<strong>Incidence Matrix:<\/strong><br \/>\n[1, 0, 0, 0, 0]<br \/>\n[1, 1, 1, 1, 0]<br \/>\n[0, 1, 0, 0, 1]<br \/>\n[0, 0, 1, 1, 1]<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0627\u06af\u0631 \u0628\u062e\u0648\u0627\u0647\u06cc\u0645 \u0645\u0627\u062a\u0631\u06cc\u0633 \u0631\u062e\u062f\u0627\u062f \u06cc\u06a9 \u06af\u0631\u0627\u0641 \u0648\u0632\u0646\u200c\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0631\u0627 \u0628\u0633\u0627\u0632\u06cc\u0645\u060c \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0646\u06cc\u0645 \u0648\u0632\u0646 \u06cc\u0627\u0644\u200c\u0647\u0627 \u0631\u0627 \u0628\u0647 \u0639\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0646 \u0648\u0631\u0648\u062f\u06cc \u0628\u0647 \u0645\u062a\u062f add_edge \u0628\u062f\u0647\u06cc\u0645. \u0628\u0647\u200c\u0627\u06cc\u0646\u200c\u062a\u0631\u062a\u06cc\u0628 \u0648\u0632\u0646 \u0647\u0631 \u06cc\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0633\u062a \u06a9\u0647 \u062f\u0631 \u0633\u062a\u0648\u0646 \u0622\u0646 \u06cc\u0627\u0644 \u0648 \u0633\u0637\u0631 \u0645\u062a\u0646\u0627\u0638\u0631 \u0628\u0627 \u0631\u0627\u0633\u200c \u0645\u0628\u062f\u0627 \u0648 \u0645\u0642\u0635\u062f \u062b\u0628\u062a \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u0634\u0648\u062f:<\/p>\n\n\n<p style=\"direction:ltr;text-align:left!important\">\n<code><span style=\"color:green\"># Create a weighted graph with 4 vertices (Nodes)<\/span><\/code><br \/>\n<code>weighted_graph = Graph(4)<\/code>\n<\/p>\n<p style=\"direction:ltr;text-align:left!important\">\n<code><span style=\"color:green\"># Add edges<\/span><\/code><br \/>\n<code>weighted_graph.add_edge(0, 1, weight=2)<\/code><br \/>\n<code>weighted_graph.add_edge(1, 2, weight=3)<\/code><br \/>\n<code>weighted_graph.add_edge(1, 3, weight=4)<\/code><br \/>\n<code>weighted_graph.add_edge(3, 1, weight=3)<\/code><br \/>\n<code>weighted_graph.add_edge(2, 3, weight=3)<\/code>\n<\/p>\n<p style=\"direction:ltr;text-align:left!important\">\n<code><span style=\"color:green\"># Display the Incidence Matrix<\/span><\/code><br \/>\n<code>print(\"Incidence Matrix:\")<\/code><br \/>\n<code>weighted_graph.display()<\/code>\n<\/p>\n<p style=\"direction:ltr;text-align:left!important\">\n<strong>Incidence Matrix:<\/strong><br \/>\n[2, 0, 0, 0, 0]<br \/>\n[2, 3, 4, 3, 0]<br \/>\n[0, 3, 0, 0, 3]<br \/>\n[0, 0, 4, 3, 3]<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u0645\u0627\u062a\u0631\u06cc\u0633 \u0631\u062e\u062f\u0627\u062f \u062f\u0631 \u06af\u0631\u0627\u0641\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u062c\u0647\u062a\u200c\u062f\u0627\u0631<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0641\u0631\u0636 \u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u062f \u06cc\u06a9 \u06af\u0631\u0627\u0641 \u0628\u062f\u0648\u0646 \u0648\u0632\u0646 \u0648 \u062c\u0647\u062a\u200c\u062f\u0627\u0631 G \u062f\u0627\u0631\u06cc\u0645 \u06a9\u0647 \u0634\u0627\u0645\u0644 n \u0631\u0627\u0633 \u0648 e \u06cc\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0633\u062a. \u0645\u0627\u062a\u0631\u06cc\u0633 \u0631\u062e\u062f\u0627\u062f \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u06af\u0631\u0627\u0641\u060c \u06cc\u06a9 \u0645\u0627\u062a\u0631\u06cc\u0633 n\u00d7e \u0627\u0633\u062a \u06a9\u0647 \u0628\u0647\u200c\u0635\u0648\u0631\u062a \u0632\u06cc\u0631 \u062a\u0639\u0631\u06cc\u0641 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u0634\u0648\u062f:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u0647\u0631 \u0633\u0637\u0631 \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u0645\u0627\u062a\u0631\u06cc\u0633 \u0645\u0631\u0628\u0648\u0637 \u0628\u0647 \u06cc\u06a9 \u0631\u0627\u0633 \u0648 \u0647\u0631 \u0633\u062a\u0648\u0646\u0634 \u0645\u0631\u0628\u0648\u0637 \u0628\u0647 \u06cc\u06a9 \u06cc\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0632 \u06af\u0631\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0633\u062a.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0627\u06af\u0631 \u0627\u0632 \u0631\u0627\u0633 i \u0628\u0647 \u0631\u0627\u0633 j \u06cc\u0627\u0644 k \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u062f\u0627\u0634\u062a\u0647 \u0628\u0627\u0634\u062f\u060c \u0639\u062f\u062f \u06f1 \u062f\u0631\u062e\u0627\u0646\u0647\u200c (i,k) \u0648 \u0639\u062f\u062f \u06f1- \u062f\u0631\u062e\u0627\u0646\u0647 (j,k) \u0645\u0627\u062a\u0631\u06cc\u0633 \u0631\u062e\u062f\u0627\u062f \u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u06af\u06cc\u0631\u062f.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0627\u06af\u0631 \u06cc\u0627\u0644 k \u0628\u0647 \u0631\u0627\u0633 i \u0645\u062a\u0635\u0644 \u0646\u0628\u0627\u0634\u062f\u060c \u0645\u0642\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u06f0 \u062f\u0631 \u062e\u0627\u0646\u0647\u200c (i,k) \u0645\u0627\u062a\u0631\u06cc\u0633 \u0631\u062e\u062f\u0627\u062f \u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u06af\u06cc\u0631\u062f.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter size-full is-resized\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/cafetadris.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/image-81.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-18163\" width=\"616\" height=\"321\" srcset=\"https:\/\/cafetadris.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/image-81.png 960w, https:\/\/cafetadris.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/image-81-300x157.png 300w, https:\/\/cafetadris.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/image-81-768x401.png 768w, https:\/\/cafetadris.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/image-81-585x305.png 585w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 616px) 100vw, 616px\" \/><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n<p>\u062d\u0627\u0644 \u0641\u0631\u0636 \u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u062f \u06cc\u06a9 \u06af\u0631\u0627\u0641 \u0648\u0632\u0646\u200c\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0648 \u062c\u0647\u062a\u200c\u062f\u0627\u0631 G \u062f\u0627\u0631\u06cc\u0645 \u06a9\u0647 \u0634\u0627\u0645\u0644 n \u0631\u0627\u0633 \u0648 e \u06cc\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0633\u062a. \u0645\u0627\u062a\u0631\u06cc\u0633 \u0631\u062e\u062f\u0627\u062f \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u06af\u0631\u0627\u0641\u060c \u06cc\u06a9 \u0645\u0627\u062a\u0631\u06cc\u0633 n\u00d7e \u0627\u0633\u062a \u06a9\u0647 \u0628\u0647\u200c\u0635\u0648\u0631\u062a \u0632\u06cc\u0631 \u062a\u0639\u0631\u06cc\u0641 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u0634\u0648\u062f:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u0647\u0631 \u0633\u0637\u0631 \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u0645\u0627\u062a\u0631\u06cc\u0633 \u0645\u0631\u0628\u0648\u0637 \u0628\u0647 \u06cc\u06a9 \u0631\u0627\u0633 \u0648 \u0647\u0631 \u0633\u062a\u0648\u0646\u0634 \u0645\u0631\u0628\u0648\u0637 \u0628\u0647 \u06cc\u06a9 \u06cc\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0632 \u06af\u0631\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0633\u062a.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0627\u06af\u0631 \u0627\u0632 \u0631\u0627\u0633 i \u0628\u0647 \u0631\u0627\u0633 j \u06cc\u0627\u0644 k \u0628\u0627 \u0648\u0632\u0646 w \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u062f\u0627\u0634\u062a\u0647 \u0628\u0627\u0634\u062f\u060c \u0639\u062f\u062f w \u062f\u0631\u062e\u0627\u0646\u0647\u200c (i,k) \u0648 \u0639\u062f\u062f -w \u062f\u0631\u062e\u0627\u0646\u0647 (j,k) \u0645\u0627\u062a\u0631\u06cc\u0633 \u0631\u062e\u062f\u0627\u062f \u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u06af\u06cc\u0631\u062f.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0627\u06af\u0631 \u06cc\u0627\u0644 k \u0628\u0647 \u0631\u0627\u0633 i \u0645\u062a\u0635\u0644 \u0646\u0628\u0627\u0634\u062f\u060c \u0645\u0642\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u06f0 \u062f\u0631 \u062e\u0627\u0646\u0647\u200c (i,k) \u0645\u0627\u062a\u0631\u06cc\u0633 \u0631\u062e\u062f\u0627\u062f \u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u06af\u06cc\u0631\u062f.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u0646\u062d\u0648\u0647 \u0633\u0627\u062e\u062a \u0648 \u06a9\u0627\u0631 \u0628\u0627 \u0645\u0627\u062a\u0631\u06cc\u0633 \u0631\u062e\u062f\u0627\u062f \u06af\u0631\u0627\u0641 \u062c\u0647\u062a\u200c\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u062f\u0631 \u067e\u0627\u06cc\u062a\u0648\u0646<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u0645\u0646\u0638\u0648\u0631 \u06cc\u06a9 \u06a9\u0644\u0627\u0633 \u0628\u0647 \u0646\u0627\u0645 DirectedGraph \u062a\u0639\u0631\u06cc\u0641 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u0645 \u06a9\u0647 \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u0646\u0645\u0627\u06cc\u0634 \u0645\u0627\u062a\u0631\u06cc\u0633 \u0631\u062e\u062f\u0627\u062f \u062f\u0631 \u06af\u0631\u0627\u0641\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u062c\u0647\u062a\u200c\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u0634\u0648\u062f. \u062f\u0631 \u0645\u062a\u062f __init__ \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u06a9\u0644\u0627\u0633 \u06a9\u0647 \u062a\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062f \u0631\u0627\u0633\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u06af\u0631\u0627\u0641 \u0631\u0627 \u0628\u0647\u200c\u0639\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0646 \u0648\u0631\u0648\u062f\u06cc \u062f\u0631\u06cc\u0627\u0641\u062a \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u06a9\u0646\u062f\u060c \u06cc\u06a9 \u0645\u0627\u062a\u0631\u06cc\u0633 \u0631\u062e\u062f\u0627\u062f \u062e\u0627\u0644\u06cc \u0627\u06cc\u062c\u0627\u062f \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u0645 \u06a9\u0647 \u0628\u0647 \u0639\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0646 \u0644\u06cc\u0633\u062a\u06cc \u0627\u0632 \u0644\u06cc\u0633\u062a\u200c\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0628\u0647 \u0627\u0632\u0627\u06cc \u0647\u0631 \u0631\u0627\u0633 \u06cc\u06a9 \u0644\u06cc\u0633\u062a \u062e\u0627\u0644\u06cc \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u0633\u0627\u0632\u062f \u0648 \u0647\u0645\u0686\u0646\u06cc\u0646 \u06cc\u06a9 \u0644\u06cc\u0633\u062a \u062e\u0627\u0644\u06cc \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u06cc\u0627\u0644\u200c\u0647\u0627 \u062a\u0639\u0631\u06cc\u0641 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u06a9\u0646\u062f.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0633\u067e\u0633 \u0645\u062a\u062f add_edge \u0631\u0627 \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u0627\u0641\u0632\u0648\u062f\u0646 \u06cc\u06a9 \u06cc\u0627\u0644 \u0628\u06cc\u0646 \u062f\u0648 \u0631\u0627\u0633 \u0645\u0634\u062e\u0635 \u0627\u06cc\u062c\u0627\u062f \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u0645. \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u0645\u062a\u062f \u0627\u0628\u062a\u062f\u0627 \u06cc\u0627\u0644 \u062c\u062f\u06cc\u062f \u0631\u0627 \u0628\u0647 \u0644\u06cc\u0633\u062a \u06cc\u0627\u0644\u200c\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0636\u0627\u0641\u0647 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u06a9\u0646\u062f \u0648 \u0633\u067e\u0633 \u0645\u0627\u062a\u0631\u06cc\u0633 \u0631\u062e\u062f\u0627\u062f \u0631\u0627 \u0628\u0627 \u0627\u0636\u0627\u0641\u0647 \u06a9\u0631\u062f\u0646 \u06cc\u06a9 \u0633\u062a\u0648\u0646 \u062c\u062f\u06cc\u062f \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u06cc\u0627\u0644 \u062c\u062f\u06cc\u062f \u06af\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0634 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u062f\u0647\u062f. \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u0645\u062a\u062f \u062f\u0631 \u0646\u0647\u0627\u06cc\u062a\u060c \u06cc\u0627\u0644 \u0631\u0627 \u0628\u0647 \u062e\u0627\u0646\u0647\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0645\u0631\u0628\u0648\u0637 \u0628\u0647 \u0633\u062a\u0648\u0646 \u0622\u0646 \u06cc\u0627\u0644 \u0648 \u0633\u0637\u0631 \u0645\u062a\u0646\u0627\u0638\u0631 \u0628\u0627 \u0631\u0627\u0633 \u0645\u0628\u062f\u0627 (\u0628\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0627\u0645\u062a \u0645\u0646\u0641\u06cc\u060c \u0628\u0647\u200c\u0645\u0639\u0646\u0627\u06cc \u062e\u0631\u0648\u062c \u0622\u0646 \u06cc\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0632 \u0631\u0627\u0633) \u0648 \u0631\u0627\u0633 \u0645\u0642\u0635\u062f (\u0628\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0627\u0645\u062a \u0645\u062b\u0628\u062a\u060c \u0628\u0647\u200c\u0645\u0639\u0646\u0627\u06cc \u0648\u0631\u0648\u062f \u0622\u0646 \u06cc\u0627\u0644 \u0628\u0647 \u0631\u0627\u0633) \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0635 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u062f\u0647\u062f.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0645\u062a\u062f display \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u0646\u0645\u0627\u06cc\u0634 \u0645\u0627\u062a\u0631\u06cc\u0633 \u0631\u062e\u062f\u0627\u062f \u0628\u0647 \u06a9\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u0631\u0648\u062f \u0648 \u0647\u0631 \u0633\u0637\u0631 \u0627\u0632 \u0645\u0627\u062a\u0631\u06cc\u0633 \u0631\u0627 \u0628\u0647 \u0637\u0648\u0631 \u062c\u062f\u0627\u06af\u0627\u0646\u0647 \u0686\u0627\u067e \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u06a9\u0646\u062f:<\/p>\n\n\n<p style=\"direction:ltr;text-align:left!important\">\n<code>class DirectedGraph:<\/code><br \/>\n<code>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;def __init__(self, num_vertices):<\/code><br \/>\n<code>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span style=\"color:green\"># Initialize the graph with a specified number of vertices<\/span><\/code><br \/>\n<code>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;self.num_vertices = num_vertices<\/code><br \/>\n<code>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span style=\"color:green\"># Initialize the incidence matrix as an empty list<\/span><\/code><br \/>\n<code>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;self.incidence_matrix = [[] for _ in range(num_vertices)]<\/code><br \/>\n<code>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;self.edges = []<\/code><br \/>\n<code>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;def add_edge(self, from_vertex, to_vertex, weight=1):<\/code><br \/>\n<code>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span style=\"color:green\"># Add an edge between 'from_vertex' and 'to_vertex' with a specified weight<\/span><\/code><br \/>\n<code>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;self.edges.append((from_vertex, to_vertex, weight))<\/code><br \/>\n<code>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span style=\"color:green\"># Extend the incidence matrix to add a new column for the new edge<\/span><\/code><br \/>\n<code>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;for row in self.incidence_matrix:<\/code><br \/>\n<code>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;row.append(0)<\/code><br \/>\n<code>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span style=\"color:green\"># Get the index of the new edge<\/span><\/code><br \/>\n<code>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;edge_index = len(self.edges) - 1<\/code><br \/>\n<code>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span style=\"color:green\"># Update the incidence matrix<\/span><\/code><br \/>\n<code>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;self.incidence_matrix[from_vertex][edge_index] = -weight  <span style=\"color:green\"># -weight for the source node<\/span><\/code><br \/>\n<code>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;self.incidence_matrix[to_vertex][edge_index] = weight     <span style=\"color:green\"># weight for the target node<\/span><\/code><br \/>\n<code>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;def display(self):<\/code><br \/>\n<code>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span style=\"color:green\"># Display the incidence matrix row by row<\/span><\/code><br \/>\n<code>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;for row in self.incidence_matrix:<\/code><br \/>\n<code>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;print(row)<\/code><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u062f\u0631 \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u06a9\u0644\u0627\u0633\u060c \u0648\u0632\u0646 \u067e\u06cc\u0634\u200c\u0641\u0631\u0636 \u06cc\u0627\u0644\u200c\u0647\u0627 \u062f\u0631 \u0645\u062a\u062f add_edge \u0628\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0631 \u0628\u0627 \u06f1 \u062a\u0639\u06cc\u06cc\u0646\u200c\u0634\u062f\u0647\u200c\u0627\u0633\u062a. \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u0628\u062f\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u0639\u0646\u0627 \u0627\u0633\u062a \u06a9\u0647 \u0627\u06af\u0631 \u06af\u0631\u0627\u0641\u06cc \u06a9\u0647 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u062e\u0648\u0627\u0647\u06cc\u0645 \u0622\u0646 \u0631\u0627 \u0631\u0633\u0645 \u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u0645 \u0628\u062f\u0648\u0646 \u0648\u0632\u0646 \u0628\u0627\u0634\u062f\u060c \u0646\u06cc\u0627\u0632\u06cc \u0628\u0647 \u062a\u063a\u06cc\u06cc\u0631 \u0648\u0631\u0648\u062f\u06cc weight \u0646\u062f\u0627\u0631\u06cc\u0645 \u0648 \u062a\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0627 \u062a\u0639\u06cc\u06cc\u0646 \u0631\u0626\u0648\u0633 \u06cc\u0627\u0644 \u0645\u0648\u0631\u062f \u0646\u0638\u0631 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u0627\u062a\u0631\u06cc\u0633 \u0631\u062e\u062f\u0627\u062f \u06af\u0631\u0627\u0641 \u0631\u0627 \u062a\u0634\u06a9\u06cc\u0644 \u062f\u0627\u062f. \u0628\u0647\u200c\u0639\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644\u060c \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u062a\u0639\u0631\u06cc\u0641 \u0645\u0627\u062a\u0631\u06cc\u0633 \u0631\u062e\u062f\u0627\u062f \u06cc\u06a9 \u06af\u0631\u0627\u0641 \u062c\u0647\u062a\u200c\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0648 \u0628\u062f\u0648\u0646 \u0648\u0632\u0646 \u0628\u0647 \u0634\u06a9\u0644 \u0632\u06cc\u0631 \u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u0645:<\/p>\n\n\n<p style=\"direction:ltr;text-align:left!important\">\n<code><span style=\"color:green\"># Create an unweighted graph with 4 vertices (Nodes)<\/span><\/code><br \/>\n<code>unweighted_graph = DirectedGraph(4)<\/code>\n<\/p>\n<p style=\"direction:ltr;text-align:left!important\">\n<code><span style=\"color:green\"># Add edges<\/span><\/code><br \/>\n<code>unweighted_graph.add_edge(0, 1)<\/code><br \/>\n<code>unweighted_graph.add_edge(1, 2)<\/code><br \/>\n<code>unweighted_graph.add_edge(1, 3)<\/code><br \/>\n<code>unweighted_graph.add_edge(3, 1)<\/code><br \/>\n<code>unweighted_graph.add_edge(2, 3)<\/code>\n<\/p>\n<p style=\"direction:ltr;text-align:left!important\">\n<code><span style=\"color:green\"># Display the Incidence Matrix<\/span><\/code><br \/>\n<code>print(\"Incidence Matrix:\")<\/code><br \/>\n<code>unweighted_graph.display()<\/code>\n<\/p>\n<p style=\"direction:ltr;text-align:left!important\">\n<strong>Incidence Matrix:<\/strong><br \/>\n[-1, 0, 0, 0, 0]<br \/>\n[1, -1, -1, 1, 0]<br \/>\n[0, 1, 0, 0, -1]<br \/>\n[0, 0, 1, -1, 1]<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0627\u06af\u0631 \u0628\u062e\u0648\u0627\u0647\u06cc\u0645 \u0645\u0627\u062a\u0631\u06cc\u0633 \u0631\u062e\u062f\u0627\u062f \u06af\u0631\u0627\u0641 \u0648\u0632\u0646\u200c\u062f\u0627\u0631\u06cc \u0631\u0627 \u0628\u0633\u0627\u0632\u06cc\u0645\u060c \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0646\u06cc\u0645 \u0648\u0632\u0646 \u06cc\u0627\u0644\u200c\u0647\u0627 \u0631\u0627 \u0628\u0647 \u0639\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0646 \u0648\u0631\u0648\u062f\u06cc \u0628\u0647 \u0645\u062a\u062f add_edge \u0628\u062f\u0647\u06cc\u0645. \u0628\u0647\u200c\u0627\u06cc\u0646\u200c\u062a\u0631\u062a\u06cc\u0628 \u0648\u0632\u0646 \u0647\u0631 \u06cc\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0633\u062a \u06a9\u0647 \u062f\u0631 \u0633\u062a\u0648\u0646 \u0622\u0646 \u06cc\u0627\u0644 \u0648 \u0633\u0637\u0631 \u0645\u062a\u0646\u0627\u0638\u0631 \u0628\u0627 \u0631\u0627\u0633 \u0645\u0628\u062f\u0627 (\u0628\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0627\u0645\u062a \u0645\u0646\u0641\u06cc) \u0648 \u0645\u0642\u0635\u062f (\u0628\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0627\u0645\u062a \u0645\u062b\u0628\u062a) \u062b\u0628\u062a \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u0634\u0648\u062f:<\/p>\n\n\n<p style=\"direction:ltr;text-align:left!important\">\n<code><span style=\"color:green\"># Create a weighted graph with 4 vertices (Nodes)<\/span><\/code><br \/>\n<code>weighted_graph = DirectedGraph(4)<\/code>\n<\/p>\n<p style=\"direction:ltr;text-align:left!important\">\n<code><span style=\"color:green\"># Add edges<\/span><\/code><br \/>\n<code>weighted_graph.add_edge(0, 1, weight=2)<\/code><br \/>\n<code>weighted_graph.add_edge(1, 2, weight=3)<\/code><br \/>\n<code>weighted_graph.add_edge(1, 3, weight=4)<\/code><br \/>\n<code>weighted_graph.add_edge(3, 1, weight=2)<\/code><br \/>\n<code>weighted_graph.add_edge(2, 3, weight=3)<\/code>\n<\/p>\n<p style=\"direction:ltr;text-align:left!important\">\n<code><span style=\"color:green\"># Display the Incidence Matrix<\/span><\/code><br \/>\n<code>print(\"Incidence Matrix:\")<\/code><br \/>\n<code>weighted_graph.display()<\/code>\n<\/p>\n<p style=\"direction:ltr;text-align:left!important\">\n<strong>Incidence Matrix:<\/strong><br \/>\n[-2, 0, 0, 0, 0]<br \/>\n[2, -3, -4, 2, 0]<br \/>\n[0, 3, 0, 0, -3]<br \/>\n[0, 0, 4, -2, 3]<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u0639\u0645\u0644\u06cc\u0627\u062a\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0645\u0647\u0645 \u0628\u0627 \u0645\u0627\u062a\u0631\u06cc\u0633 \u0631\u062e\u062f\u0627\u062f<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0645\u0627\u062a\u0631\u06cc\u0633 \u0631\u062e\u062f\u0627\u062f \u06cc\u06a9\u06cc \u0627\u0632 \u0627\u0628\u0632\u0627\u0631\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0645\u0647\u0645 \u062f\u0631 \u0646\u0638\u0631\u06cc\u0647 \u06af\u0631\u0627\u0641\u200c\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0633\u062a \u06a9\u0647 \u0628\u0633\u06cc\u0627\u0631\u06cc \u0627\u0632 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u06cc\u0627\u062a\u200c\u0647\u0627 \u0648 \u062a\u062d\u0644\u06cc\u0644\u200c\u0647\u0627 \u0631\u0627 \u0633\u0627\u062f\u0647\u200c\u062a\u0631 \u0648 \u06a9\u0627\u0631\u0622\u0645\u062f\u062a\u0631 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u06a9\u0646\u062f. \u062f\u0631 \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u0628\u062e\u0634 \u0628\u0647 \u0628\u0631\u062e\u06cc \u0627\u0632 \u0645\u0647\u0645\u200c\u062a\u0631\u06cc\u0646 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u06cc\u0627\u062a\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc\u06cc \u06a9\u0647 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0646 \u0628\u0627 \u0645\u0627\u062a\u0631\u06cc\u0633 \u0631\u062e\u062f\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0646\u062c\u0627\u0645 \u062f\u0627\u062f\u060c \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u067e\u0631\u062f\u0627\u0632\u06cc\u0645:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u062a\u0639\u06cc\u06cc\u0646 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0647 \u0631\u0627\u0633\u200c\u0647\u0627<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p>\u062f\u0631 \u06af\u0631\u0627\u0641\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0628\u062f\u0648\u0646 \u062c\u0647\u062a\u060c \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0647 \u0647\u0631 \u0631\u0627\u0633 \u0628\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0631 \u0627\u0633\u062a \u0628\u0627 \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u062f\u06cc\u0631 \u0633\u0637\u0631 \u0645\u0631\u0628\u0648\u0637 \u0628\u0647 \u0622\u0646 \u0631\u0627\u0633. \u062f\u0631 \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u0646\u0648\u0639 \u06af\u0631\u0627\u0641\u200c\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0647\u0631 \u06cc\u0627\u0644 \u0628\u0647 \u062f\u0648 \u0631\u0627\u0633 \u0645\u062a\u0635\u0644 \u0627\u0633\u062a \u0648 \u0628\u0647 \u0647\u0645\u06cc\u0646 \u062f\u0644\u06cc\u0644 \u0633\u062a\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u0631\u0628\u0648\u0637 \u0628\u0647 \u0622\u0646 \u06cc\u0627\u0644 \u062f\u0631 \u0633\u0637\u0631 \u0645\u062a\u0646\u0627\u0638\u0631 \u0628\u0627 \u0647\u0631 \u062f\u0648 \u0631\u0627\u0633 \u062f\u0627\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u0645\u0642\u0627\u062f\u06cc\u0631 \u0628\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0631 \u0627\u0633\u062a. \u0628\u0647 \u0639\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644\u060c \u0627\u06af\u0631 \u062f\u0631 \u0645\u0627\u062a\u0631\u06cc\u0633 \u0631\u062e\u062f\u0627\u062f \u06cc\u06a9 \u06af\u0631\u0627\u0641 \u0628\u062f\u0648\u0646 \u062c\u0647\u062a\u060c \u062f\u0631 \u0633\u0637\u0631 \u0645\u0631\u0628\u0648\u0637 \u0628\u0647 \u0631\u0627\u0633 i \u0648 \u0633\u062a\u0648\u0646 e \u0645\u0642\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u06f1 \u062b\u0628\u062a \u0634\u062f\u0647 \u0628\u0627\u0634\u062f\u060c \u0646\u0634\u0627\u0646\u200c\u062f\u0647\u0646\u062f\u0647 \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u0627\u0633\u062a \u06a9\u0647 \u06cc\u0627\u0644\u06cc \u0628\u0647 \u0631\u0627\u0633 i \u0645\u062a\u0635\u0644 \u0627\u0633\u062a. \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u0645\u062d\u0627\u0633\u0628\u0647 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0647 \u0631\u0627\u0633 i\u060c \u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645\u06cc \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u062f\u06cc\u0631 \u0645\u0637\u0644\u0642 \u062f\u0631 \u0633\u0637\u0631 \u0645\u0631\u0628\u0648\u0637 \u0628\u0647 i\u060c \u0628\u0627 \u0647\u0645 \u062c\u0645\u0639 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u0634\u0648\u0646\u062f.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h5 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u0646\u062d\u0648\u0647 \u062a\u0639\u06cc\u06cc\u0646 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0647 \u0631\u0627\u0633\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u06af\u0631\u0627\u0641 \u0628\u06cc\u200c\u062c\u0647\u062a \u062f\u0631 \u067e\u0627\u06cc\u062a\u0648\u0646<\/h5>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u0627\u0646\u062c\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u06a9\u0627\u0631 \u06cc\u06a9 \u062a\u0627\u0628\u0639 \u0628\u0647 \u0646\u0627\u0645 calculate_degrees \u062a\u0639\u0631\u06cc\u0641 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u0645 \u06a9\u0647 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0647 \u0647\u0631 \u0631\u0627\u0633 \u062f\u0631 \u06cc\u06a9 \u06af\u0631\u0627\u0641 \u0628\u062f\u0648\u0646 \u062c\u0647\u062a \u0631\u0627 \u0628\u0627 \u062c\u0645\u0639 \u06a9\u0631\u062f\u0646 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u062f\u06cc\u0631 \u0645\u0637\u0644\u0642 \u062f\u0631 \u0647\u0631 \u0633\u0637\u0631 \u0627\u0632 \u0645\u0627\u062a\u0631\u06cc\u0633 \u0631\u062e\u062f\u0627\u062f \u0645\u062d\u0627\u0633\u0628\u0647 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u06a9\u0646\u062f:<\/p>\n\n\n<p style=\"direction:ltr;text-align:left!important\">\n<code>def calculate_degrees(matrix):<\/code><br \/>\n<code>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span style=\"color:green\"># Calculate degrees of each vertex by summing absolute values in each row<\/span><\/code><br \/>\n<code>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;degrees = [sum(abs(x) for x in row) for row in matrix]<\/code><br \/>\n<code>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;return degrees<\/code>\n<\/p>\n<p style=\"direction:ltr;text-align:left!important\">\n<code><span style=\"color:green\"># Create a graph with 4 vertices (Nodes)<\/span><\/code><br \/>\n<code>graph = Graph(4)<\/code>\n<\/p>\n<p style=\"direction:ltr;text-align:left!important\">\n<code><span style=\"color:green\"># Add edges<\/span><\/code><br \/>\n<code>graph.add_edge(0, 1)<\/code><br \/>\n<code>graph.add_edge(0, 2)<\/code><br \/>\n<code>graph.add_edge(1, 2)<\/code><br \/>\n<code>graph.add_edge(2, 3)<\/code>\n<\/p>\n<p style=\"direction:ltr;text-align:left!important\">\n<code><span style=\"color:green\"># Display the Incidence Matrix<\/span><\/code><br \/>\n<code>print(\"Incidence Matrix:\")<\/code><br \/>\n<code>graph.display()<\/code>\n<\/p>\n<p style=\"direction:ltr;text-align:left!important\">\n<code><span style=\"color:green\"># Display the Degrees of vertices<\/span><\/code><br \/>\n<code>degrees = calculate_degrees(graph.incidence_matrix)<\/code><br \/>\n<code>print(\"\\nDegrees of vertices:\", degrees)<\/code>\n<\/p>\n<p style=\"direction:ltr;text-align:left!important\">\n<strong>Incidence Matrix:<\/strong><br \/>\n[1, 1, 0, 0]<br \/>\n[1, 0, 1, 0]<br \/>\n[0, 1, 1, 1]<br \/>\n[0, 0, 0, 1]\n<\/p>\n<p style=\"direction:ltr;text-align:left!important\">\n<strong>Degrees of vertices:<\/strong> [2, 2, 3, 1]<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u062f\u0631 \u06cc\u06a9 \u06af\u0631\u0627\u0641 \u062c\u0647\u062a\u200c\u062f\u0627\u0631\u060c \u062a\u0639\u06cc\u06cc\u0646 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0647 \u0648\u0631\u0648\u062f\u06cc (in-degree) \u0648 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0647 \u062e\u0631\u0648\u062c\u06cc (out-degree) \u0647\u0631 \u0631\u0627\u0633 \u06cc\u06a9\u06cc \u0627\u0632 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u06cc\u0627\u062a\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0627\u0633\u0627\u0633\u06cc \u0627\u0633\u062a \u06a9\u0647 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0646 \u0628\u0627 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0627\u0632 \u0645\u0627\u062a\u0631\u06cc\u0633 \u0631\u062e\u062f\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0646\u062c\u0627\u0645 \u062f\u0627\u062f. \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0647 \u0648\u0631\u0648\u062f\u06cc \u06cc\u06a9 \u0631\u0627\u0633 \u0628\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0631 \u0627\u0633\u062a \u0628\u0627 \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u062f\u06cc\u0631 \u0645\u062b\u0628\u062a \u062f\u0631 \u0633\u0637\u0631 \u0645\u0631\u0628\u0648\u0637 \u0628\u0647 \u0622\u0646 \u0631\u0627\u0633. \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u062f\u06cc\u0631 \u0645\u062b\u0628\u062a \u0646\u0634\u0627\u0646\u200c\u062f\u0647\u0646\u062f\u0647 \u06cc\u0627\u0644\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc\u06cc \u0647\u0633\u062a\u0646\u062f \u06a9\u0647 \u0628\u0647 \u0631\u0627\u0633 \u0645\u0648\u0631\u062f \u0646\u0638\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0631\u062f \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u0634\u0648\u0646\u062f. \u0627\u0632 \u0637\u0631\u0641 \u062f\u06cc\u06af\u0631\u060c \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0647 \u062e\u0631\u0648\u062c\u06cc \u0628\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0631 \u0627\u0633\u062a \u0628\u0627 \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639 \u0642\u062f\u0631 \u0645\u0637\u0644\u0642 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u062f\u06cc\u0631 \u0645\u0646\u0641\u06cc \u062f\u0631 \u0633\u0637\u0631 \u0645\u0631\u0628\u0648\u0637 \u0628\u0647 \u0622\u0646 \u0631\u0627\u0633. \u0645\u0642\u0627\u062f\u06cc\u0631 \u0645\u0646\u0641\u06cc \u0646\u0634\u0627\u0646\u200c\u062f\u0647\u0646\u062f\u0647 \u06cc\u0627\u0644\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc\u06cc \u0647\u0633\u062a\u0646\u062f \u06a9\u0647 \u0627\u0632 \u0631\u0627\u0633 \u0645\u0648\u0631\u062f \u0646\u0638\u0631 \u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u0634\u0648\u0646\u062f.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h5 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u0646\u062d\u0648\u0647 \u062a\u0639\u06cc\u06cc\u0646 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0647 \u0631\u0627\u0633\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u06af\u0631\u0627\u0641 \u062c\u0647\u062a\u200c\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u062f\u0631 \u067e\u0627\u06cc\u062a\u0648\u0646<\/h5>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u06a9\u062f \u06cc\u06a9 \u062a\u0627\u0628\u0639 \u0628\u0647 \u0646\u0627\u0645 calculate_degrees \u062a\u0639\u0631\u06cc\u0641 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u0645 \u06a9\u0647 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0647 \u0648\u0631\u0648\u062f\u06cc \u0648 \u062e\u0631\u0648\u062c\u06cc \u0647\u0631 \u0631\u0627\u0633 \u062f\u0631 \u06cc\u06a9 \u06af\u0631\u0627\u0641 \u062c\u0647\u062a\u200c\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0631\u0627 \u0645\u062d\u0627\u0633\u0628\u0647 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u06a9\u0646\u062f. \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0647 \u0648\u0631\u0648\u062f\u06cc \u06cc\u06a9 \u0631\u0627\u0633 \u0628\u0627 \u062c\u0645\u0639 \u06a9\u0631\u062f\u0646 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u062f\u06cc\u0631 \u0645\u062b\u0628\u062a \u062f\u0631 \u0647\u0631 \u0633\u0637\u0631 \u0645\u0627\u062a\u0631\u06cc\u0633 \u0631\u062e\u062f\u0627\u062f \u0648 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0647 \u062e\u0631\u0648\u062c\u06cc \u0628\u0627 \u062c\u0645\u0639 \u06a9\u0631\u062f\u0646 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u062f\u06cc\u0631 \u0645\u0637\u0644\u0642 \u0645\u0646\u0641\u06cc \u0645\u062d\u0627\u0633\u0628\u0647 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u0634\u0648\u062f:<\/p>\n\n\n<p style=\"direction:ltr;text-align:left!important\">\n<code>def calculate_degrees(matrix):<\/code><br \/>\n<code>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span style=\"color:green\"># Calculate in-degrees by summing positive values in each row<\/span><\/code><br \/>\n<code>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;in_degrees = [sum(x for x in row if x &gt; 0) for row in matrix]<\/code><br \/>\n<code>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span style=\"color:green\"># Calculate out-degrees by summing absolute values of negative values in each row<\/span><\/code><br \/>\n<code>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;out_degrees = [sum(-x for x in row if x &lt; 0) for row in matrix]<\/code><br \/>\n<code>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;return in_degrees, out_degrees<\/code>\n<\/p>\n<p style=\"direction:ltr;text-align:left!important\">\n<code><span style=\"color:green\"># Create a graph with 4 vertices (Nodes)<\/span><\/code><br \/>\n<code>graph = DirectedGraph(4)<\/code>\n<\/p>\n<p style=\"direction:ltr;text-align:left!important\">\n<code><span style=\"color:green\"># Add edges<\/span><\/code><br \/>\n<code>graph.add_edge(0, 1)<\/code><br \/>\n<code>graph.add_edge(0, 2)<\/code><br \/>\n<code>graph.add_edge(1, 2)<\/code><br \/>\n<code>graph.add_edge(2, 3)<\/code>\n<\/p>\n<p style=\"direction:ltr;text-align:left!important\">\n<code><span style=\"color:green\"># Display the Incidence Matrix<\/span><\/code><br \/>\n<code>print(\"Incidence Matrix:\")<\/code><br \/>\n<code>graph.display()<\/code>\n<\/p>\n<p style=\"direction:ltr;text-align:left!important\">\n<code><span style=\"color:green\"># Display the Degrees of vertices<\/span><\/code><br \/>\n<code>degrees = calculate_degrees(graph.incidence_matrix)<\/code><br \/>\n<code>print(\"\\nDegrees of vertices:\", degrees)<\/code>\n<\/p>\n<p style=\"direction:ltr;text-align:left!important\">\n<strong>Incidence Matrix:<\/strong><br \/>\n[-1, -1, 0, 0]<br \/>\n[1, 0, -1, 0]<br \/>\n[0, 1, 1, -1]<br \/>\n[0, 0, 0, 1]\n<\/p>\n<p style=\"direction:ltr;text-align:left!important\">\n<strong>Degrees of vertices:<\/strong> ([0, 1, 2, 1], [2, 1, 1, 0])<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u062a\u0639\u06cc\u06cc\u0646 \u06cc\u0627\u0644\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0628\u06cc\u0646 \u0631\u0627\u0633\u200c\u0647\u0627<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0628\u0627 \u0628\u0631\u0631\u0633\u06cc \u0645\u0642\u0627\u062f\u06cc\u0631 \u063a\u06cc\u0631 \u0635\u0641\u0631 \u062f\u0631 \u0633\u062a\u0648\u0646\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0645\u0627\u062a\u0631\u06cc\u0633 \u0631\u062e\u062f\u0627\u062f\u060c \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0646 \u06cc\u0627\u0644\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0645\u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u0628\u06cc\u0646 \u0631\u0627\u0633\u200c\u0647\u0627 \u0631\u0627 \u0634\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0627\u06cc\u06cc \u06a9\u0631\u062f. \u0647\u0631 \u0633\u062a\u0648\u0646 \u062f\u0631 \u0645\u0627\u062a\u0631\u06cc\u0633 \u0631\u062e\u062f\u0627\u062f \u0646\u0645\u0627\u06cc\u0627\u0646\u06af\u0631 \u06cc\u06a9 \u06cc\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0633\u062a \u0648 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u062f\u06cc\u0631 \u0645\u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u062f\u0631 \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u0633\u062a\u0648\u0646 \u0646\u0634\u0627\u0646\u200c\u062f\u0647\u0646\u062f\u0647 \u0631\u0627\u0633\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc\u06cc \u0647\u0633\u062a\u0646\u062f \u06a9\u0647 \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u06cc\u0627\u0644 \u0628\u0647 \u0622\u0646\u200c\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u062a\u0635\u0644 \u0627\u0633\u062a. \u062f\u0631 \u06af\u0631\u0627\u0641\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u062c\u0647\u062a\u200c\u062f\u0627\u0631\u060c \u0645\u0642\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u0646\u0641\u06cc \u062f\u0631 \u06cc\u06a9 \u0633\u062a\u0648\u0646 \u0646\u0634\u0627\u0646\u200c\u062f\u0647\u0646\u062f\u0647 \u0631\u0627\u0633 \u0645\u0628\u062f\u0627 \u0648 \u0645\u0642\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u062b\u0628\u062a \u0646\u0634\u0627\u0646\u200c\u062f\u0647\u0646\u062f\u0647 \u0631\u0627\u0633 \u0645\u0642\u0635\u062f \u0627\u0633\u062a. \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u062f\u06cc\u0631 \u0628\u0647 \u0645\u0627 \u06a9\u0645\u06a9 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u06a9\u0646\u0646\u062f \u062a\u0627 \u062c\u0647\u062a \u06cc\u0627\u0644\u200c\u0647\u0627 \u0631\u0627 \u0646\u06cc\u0632 \u062a\u0634\u062e\u06cc\u0635 \u062f\u0647\u06cc\u0645.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h5 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u0646\u062d\u0648\u0647 \u062a\u0639\u06cc\u06cc\u0646 \u06cc\u0627\u0644\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0628\u06cc\u0646 \u0631\u0627\u0633\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u06af\u0631\u0627\u0641 \u0628\u06cc\u200c\u062c\u0647\u062a \u062f\u0631 \u067e\u0627\u06cc\u062a\u0648\u0646<\/h5>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u062a\u0639\u06cc\u06cc\u0646 \u06cc\u0627\u0644\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0628\u06cc\u0646 \u0631\u0626\u0648\u0633 \u06cc\u06a9 \u06af\u0631\u0627\u0641 \u0628\u06cc\u200c\u062c\u0647\u062a \u0628\u0647\u200c\u06a9\u0645\u06a9 \u0645\u0627\u062a\u0631\u06cc\u0633 \u0631\u062e\u062f\u0627\u062f\u060c \u06cc\u06a9 \u062a\u0627\u0628\u0639 \u0628\u0647\u200c\u0646\u0627\u0645 get_edges \u062a\u0639\u0631\u06cc\u0641 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u0645 \u06a9\u0647 \u0645\u0627\u062a\u0631\u06cc\u0633 \u0631\u062e\u062f\u0627\u062f \u0631\u0627 \u0628\u0647 \u0639\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0646 \u0648\u0631\u0648\u062f\u06cc \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u06af\u06cc\u0631\u062f \u0648 \u0644\u06cc\u0633\u062a\u06cc \u0627\u0632 \u06cc\u0627\u0644\u200c\u0647\u0627 \u0631\u0627 \u0627\u0632 \u0622\u0646 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u0631\u0627\u062c \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u06a9\u0646\u062f. \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u062a\u0627\u0628\u0639 \u0627\u0628\u062a\u062f\u0627 \u062a\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062f \u06cc\u0627\u0644\u200c\u0647\u0627 (num_edges) \u0648 \u062a\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062f \u0631\u0627\u0633\u200c\u0647\u0627 (num_vertices) \u0631\u0627 \u0627\u0632 \u0627\u0628\u0639\u0627\u062f \u0645\u0627\u062a\u0631\u06cc\u0633 \u0631\u062e\u062f\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u0631\u0627\u062c \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u06a9\u0646\u062f. \u0633\u067e\u0633 \u0628\u0627 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0627\u0632 \u06cc\u06a9 \u062d\u0644\u0642\u0647 for\u060c \u0647\u0631 \u0633\u062a\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0632 \u0645\u0627\u062a\u0631\u06cc\u0633 \u0631\u062e\u062f\u0627\u062f \u06a9\u0647 \u0646\u0645\u0627\u06cc\u0627\u0646\u06af\u0631 \u06cc\u06a9 \u06cc\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0633\u062a \u0631\u0627 \u0628\u0631\u0631\u0633\u06cc \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u06a9\u0646\u062f. \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u0647\u0631 \u0633\u062a\u0648\u0646\u060c \u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0633\u0637\u0631\u0647\u0627 (\u06cc\u0639\u0646\u06cc \u0631\u0627\u0633\u200c\u0647\u0627) \u0631\u0627 \u067e\u06cc\u0645\u0627\u06cc\u0634 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u06a9\u0646\u062f \u0648 \u0627\u06af\u0631 \u0645\u0642\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u062e\u0627\u0646\u0647\u200c\u0627\u06cc \u062f\u0631 \u0622\u0646 \u0633\u062a\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u062b\u0628\u062a \u0628\u0627\u0634\u062f\u060c \u0646\u0634\u0627\u0646\u200c\u062f\u0647\u0646\u062f\u0647 \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u0627\u0633\u062a \u06a9\u0647 \u06cc\u0627\u0644 \u0645\u0648\u0631\u062f \u0646\u0638\u0631 \u0628\u0647 \u0622\u0646 \u0631\u0627\u0633 \u0645\u062a\u0635\u0644 \u0627\u0633\u062a. \u0633\u067e\u0633 \u0631\u0627\u0633\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0645\u062a\u0635\u0644 \u0628\u0647 \u0647\u0631 \u06cc\u0627\u0644 \u0631\u0627 \u062f\u0631 \u0644\u06cc\u0633\u062a\u06cc \u0628\u0647 \u0646\u0627\u0645 vertices \u0630\u062e\u06cc\u0631\u0647 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u06a9\u0646\u062f. \u0627\u06af\u0631 \u062a\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062f \u0639\u0646\u0627\u0635\u0631 \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u0644\u06cc\u0633\u062a \u0628\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0631 \u0628\u0627 \u06f2 \u0628\u0627\u0634\u062f\u060c \u0628\u0647 \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u0645\u0639\u0646\u06cc \u0627\u0633\u062a \u06a9\u0647 \u06cc\u06a9 \u06cc\u0627\u0644 \u0628\u06cc\u0646 \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u062f\u0648 \u0631\u0627\u0633 \u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u062f\u0627\u0631\u062f \u0648 \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u06cc\u0627\u0644 \u0628\u0647 \u0644\u06cc\u0633\u062a edges \u0627\u0636\u0627\u0641\u0647 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u0634\u0648\u062f:<\/p>\n\n\n<p style=\"direction:ltr;text-align:left!important\">\n<code>def get_edges(incidence_matrix):<\/code><br \/>\n<code>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span style=\"color:green\"># An empty list to store edges<\/span><\/code><br \/>\n<code>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;edges = []<\/code><br \/>\n<code>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span style=\"color:green\"># Get the number of edges<\/span><\/code><br \/>\n<code>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;num_edges = len(incidence_matrix[0])<\/code><br \/>\n<code>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span style=\"color:green\"># Get the number of vertices<\/span><\/code><br \/>\n<code>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;num_vertices = len(incidence_matrix)<\/code><br \/>\n<code>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;for j in range(num_edges):<\/code><br \/>\n<code>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span style=\"color:green\"># An empty list to store vertices<\/span><\/code><br \/>\n<code>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;vertices = []<\/code><br \/>\n<code>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span style=\"color:green\"># Iterate over each vertex<\/span><\/code><br \/>\n<code>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;for i in range(num_vertices):<\/code><br \/>\n<code>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span style=\"color:green\"># Check if the vertex is connected by the edge<\/span><\/code><br \/>\n<code>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;if incidence_matrix[i][j] &gt; 0:<\/code><br \/>\n<code>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;vertices.append(i)<\/code><br \/>\n<code>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span style=\"color:green\"># If two vertices are connected by the edge, add the edge to the list<\/span><\/code><br \/>\n<code>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;if len(vertices) == 2:<\/code><br \/>\n<code>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;edges.append((vertices[0], vertices[1]))<\/code><br \/>\n<code>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;return edges<\/code>\n<\/p>\n<p style=\"direction:ltr;text-align:left!important\">\n<code><span style=\"color:green\"># Create a graph with 4 vertices (Nodes)<\/span><\/code><br \/>\n<code>graph = Graph(4)<\/code>\n<\/p>\n<p style=\"direction:ltr;text-align:left!important\">\n<code><span style=\"color:green\"># Add edges<\/span><\/code><br \/>\n<code>graph.add_edge(0, 1)<\/code><br \/>\n<code>graph.add_edge(0, 2)<\/code><br \/>\n<code>graph.add_edge(1, 2)<\/code><br \/>\n<code>graph.add_edge(2, 3)<\/code><br \/>\n<code>graph.add_edge(1, 3)<\/code>\n<\/p>\n<p style=\"direction:ltr;text-align:left!important\">\n<code><span style=\"color:green\"># Display the Incidence Matrix<\/span><\/code><br \/>\n<code>print(\"Incidence Matrix:\")<\/code><br \/>\n<code>graph.display()<\/code>\n<\/p>\n<p style=\"direction:ltr;text-align:left!important\">\n<code><span style=\"color:green\"># Display the Edges in the graph<\/span><\/code><br \/>\n<code>edges = get_edges(graph.incidence_matrix)<\/code><br \/>\n<code>print(\"\\nEdges in the graph:\", edges)<\/code>\n<\/p>\n<p style=\"direction:ltr;text-align:left!important\">\n<strong>Incidence Matrix:<\/strong><br \/>\n[1, 1, 0, 0, 0]<br \/>\n[1, 0, 1, 0, 1]<br \/>\n[0, 1, 1, 1, 0]<br \/>\n[0, 0, 0, 1, 1]\n<\/p>\n<p style=\"direction:ltr;text-align:left!important\">\n<strong>Edges in the graph:<\/strong> [(0, 1), (0, 2), (1, 2), (2, 3), (1, 3)]<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h5 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u0646\u062d\u0648\u0647 \u062a\u0639\u06cc\u06cc\u0646 \u06cc\u0627\u0644\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0628\u06cc\u0646 \u0631\u0627\u0633\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u06af\u0631\u0627\u0641 \u062c\u0647\u062a\u200c\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u062f\u0631 \u067e\u0627\u06cc\u062a\u0648\u0646<\/h5>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u0645\u0646\u0638\u0648\u0631 \u0628\u0627\u0632\u0647\u0645 \u06cc\u06a9 \u062a\u0627\u0628\u0639 \u0628\u0647\u200c\u0646\u0627\u0645 get_edges \u062a\u0639\u0631\u06cc\u0641 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u0645. \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u062a\u0627\u0628\u0639 \u0627\u0628\u062a\u062f\u0627 \u062a\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062f \u06cc\u0627\u0644\u200c\u0647\u0627 (num_edges) \u0648 \u062a\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062f \u0631\u0627\u0633\u200c\u0647\u0627 (num_vertices) \u0631\u0627 \u0627\u0632 \u0627\u0628\u0639\u0627\u062f \u0645\u0627\u062a\u0631\u06cc\u0633 \u0631\u062e\u062f\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u0631\u0627\u062c \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u06a9\u0646\u062f. \u0633\u067e\u0633 \u0628\u0627 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0627\u0632 \u06cc\u06a9 \u062d\u0644\u0642\u0647 for\u060c \u0647\u0631 \u0633\u062a\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0632 \u0645\u0627\u062a\u0631\u06cc\u0633 \u0631\u062e\u062f\u0627\u062f \u06a9\u0647 \u0646\u0645\u0627\u06cc\u0627\u0646\u06af\u0631 \u06cc\u06a9 \u06cc\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0633\u062a \u0631\u0627 \u0628\u0631\u0631\u0633\u06cc \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u06a9\u0646\u062f. \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u0647\u0631 \u0633\u062a\u0648\u0646 (\u0647\u0631 \u06cc\u0627\u0644)\u060c \u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0633\u0637\u0631\u0647\u0627 (\u0631\u0627\u0633\u200c\u0647\u0627) \u0631\u0627 \u067e\u06cc\u0645\u0627\u06cc\u0634 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u06a9\u0646\u062f. \u0627\u06af\u0631 \u0645\u0642\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u062e\u0627\u0646\u0647\u200c\u0627\u06cc \u062f\u0631 \u0622\u0646 \u0633\u062a\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u0646\u0641\u06cc \u0628\u0627\u0634\u062f\u060c \u0646\u0634\u0627\u0646\u200c\u062f\u0647\u0646\u062f\u0647 \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u0627\u0633\u062a \u06a9\u0647 \u06cc\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0632 \u0622\u0646 \u0631\u0627\u0633 \u0634\u0631\u0648\u0639 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u0634\u0648\u062f (from_vertex) \u0648 \u0627\u06af\u0631 \u0645\u0642\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u062e\u0627\u0646\u0647\u200c\u0627\u06cc \u0645\u062b\u0628\u062a \u0628\u0627\u0634\u062f\u060c \u0646\u0634\u0627\u0646\u200c\u062f\u0647\u0646\u062f\u0647 \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u0627\u0633\u062a \u06a9\u0647 \u06cc\u0627\u0644 \u0628\u0647 \u0622\u0646 \u0631\u0627\u0633 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u0631\u0633\u062f (to_vertex). \u067e\u0633 \u0627\u0632 \u067e\u06cc\u0645\u0627\u06cc\u0634 \u0647\u0631 \u0633\u062a\u0648\u0646\u060c \u0627\u06af\u0631 \u0647\u0631 \u062f\u0648 \u0631\u0627\u0633 \u0645\u0628\u062f\u0627 \u0648 \u0645\u0642\u0635\u062f \u06cc\u0627\u0644 \u0634\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0627\u06cc\u06cc \u0634\u062f\u0647 \u0628\u0627\u0634\u0646\u062f\u060c \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u06cc\u0627\u0644 \u0628\u0647 \u0644\u06cc\u0633\u062a edges \u0627\u0636\u0627\u0641\u0647 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u0634\u0648\u062f:<\/p>\n\n\n<p style=\"direction:ltr;text-align:left!important\">\n<code>def get_edges(incidence_matrix):<\/code><br \/>\n<code>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span style=\"color:green\"># An empty list to store edges<\/span><\/code><br \/>\n<code>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;edges = []<\/code><br \/>\n<code>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span style=\"color:green\"># Get the number of edges<\/span><\/code><br \/>\n<code>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;num_edges = len(incidence_matrix[0])<\/code><br \/>\n<code>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span style=\"color:green\"># Get the number of vertices<\/span><\/code><br \/>\n<code>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;num_vertices = len(incidence_matrix)<\/code><br \/>\n<code>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;for j in range(num_edges):<\/code><br \/>\n<code>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;from_vertex = None<\/code><br \/>\n<code>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;to_vertex = None<\/code><br \/>\n<code>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span style=\"color:green\"># Iterate over each vertex<\/span><\/code><br \/>\n<code>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;for i in range(num_vertices):<\/code><br \/>\n<code>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;if incidence_matrix[i][j] &lt; 0:<\/code><br \/>\n<code>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span style=\"color:green\"># Identify the source vertex (negative weight)<\/span><\/code><br \/>\n<code>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;from_vertex = i<\/code><br \/>\n<code>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;elif incidence_matrix[i][j] &gt; 0:<\/code><br \/>\n<code>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span style=\"color:green\"># Identify the target vertex (positive weight)<\/span><\/code><br \/>\n<code>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;to_vertex = i<\/code><br \/>\n<code>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span style=\"color:green\"># If both source and target vertices are identified, add the edge to the list<\/span><\/code><br \/>\n<code>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;if from_vertex is not None and to_vertex is not None:<\/code><br \/>\n<code>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;edges.append((from_vertex, to_vertex))<\/code><br \/>\n<code>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;return edges<\/code>\n<\/p>\n<p style=\"direction:ltr;text-align:left!important\">\n<code><span style=\"color:green\"># Create a graph with 4 vertices (Nodes)<\/span><\/code><br \/>\n<code>graph = DirectedGraph(4)<\/code>\n<\/p>\n<p style=\"direction:ltr;text-align:left!important\">\n<code><span style=\"color:green\"># Add edges<\/span><\/code><br \/>\n<code>graph.add_edge(0, 1)<\/code><br \/>\n<code>graph.add_edge(2, 0)<\/code><br \/>\n<code>graph.add_edge(1, 2)<\/code><br \/>\n<code>graph.add_edge(2, 3)<\/code>\n<\/p>\n<p style=\"direction:ltr;text-align:left!important\">\n<code><span style=\"color:green\"># Display the Incidence Matrix<\/span><\/code><br \/>\n<code>print(\"Incidence Matrix:\")<\/code><br \/>\n<code>graph.display()<\/code>\n<\/p>\n<p style=\"direction:ltr;text-align:left!important\">\n<code><span style=\"color:green\"># Display the Edges in the graph<\/span><\/code><br \/>\n<code>edges = get_edges(graph.incidence_matrix)<\/code><br \/>\n<code>print(\"\\nEdges in the graph:\", edges)<\/code>\n<\/p>\n<p style=\"direction:ltr;text-align:left!important\">\n<strong>Incidence Matrix:<\/strong><br \/>\n[-1, 1, 0, 0]<br \/>\n[1, 0, -1, 0]<br \/>\n[0, -1, 1, -1]<br \/>\n[0, 0, 0, 1]\n<\/p>\n<p style=\"direction:ltr;text-align:left!important\">\n<strong>Edges in the graph:<\/strong> [(0, 1), (2, 0), (1, 2), (2, 3)]<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 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srcset=\"https:\/\/cafetadris.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/traffic-foreasting-gnns-scaled.jpg-1024x326.webp 1024w, https:\/\/cafetadris.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/traffic-foreasting-gnns-scaled.jpg-300x95.webp 300w, https:\/\/cafetadris.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/traffic-foreasting-gnns-scaled.jpg-768x244.webp 768w, https:\/\/cafetadris.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/traffic-foreasting-gnns-scaled.jpg-1536x488.webp 1536w, https:\/\/cafetadris.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/traffic-foreasting-gnns-scaled.jpg-585x186.webp 585w, https:\/\/cafetadris.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/traffic-foreasting-gnns-scaled.jpg.webp 2048w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 664px) 100vw, 664px\" \/><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n<p>\u0645\u0627\u062a\u0631\u06cc\u0633 \u0631\u062e\u062f\u0627\u062f \u062f\u0631 \u0637\u0631\u0627\u062d\u06cc \u0648 \u062a\u062d\u0644\u06cc\u0644 \u0634\u0628\u06a9\u0647\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u062d\u0645\u0644 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\u0627\u0646\u062c\u0627\u0645 \u062f\u0627\u062f.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u0637\u0631\u0627\u062d\u06cc \u0633\u06cc\u0633\u062a\u0645\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0645\u06a9\u0627\u0646\u06cc\u06a9\u06cc<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p>\u062f\u0631 \u0645\u0647\u0646\u062f\u0633\u06cc \u0645\u06a9\u0627\u0646\u06cc\u06a9\u060c \u0645\u0627\u062a\u0631\u06cc\u0633 \u0631\u062e\u062f\u0627\u062f \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u0645\u062f\u0644\u200c\u0633\u0627\u0632\u06cc \u0648 \u062a\u062d\u0644\u06cc\u0644 \u0633\u0627\u0632\u0647\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0645\u06a9\u0627\u0646\u06cc\u06a9\u06cc \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u0634\u0648\u062f. \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u0645\u0627\u062a\u0631\u06cc\u0633 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0646\u062f \u0646\u0634\u0627\u0646\u200c\u062f\u0647\u0646\u062f\u0647 \u0627\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0637\u0627\u062a \u0645\u06cc\u0627\u0646 \u0639\u0646\u0627\u0635\u0631 \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641 \u06cc\u06a9 \u0633\u0627\u0632\u0647 \u0645\u0627\u0646\u0646\u062f \u062a\u06cc\u0631\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0633\u062a\u0648\u0646\u200c\u0647\u0627 \u0648 \u0627\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0628\u0627\u0634\u062f. \u0628\u0627 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0627\u0632 \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u0645\u0627\u062a\u0631\u06cc\u0633 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0646 \u062a\u062d\u0644\u06cc\u0644 \u062a\u0646\u0634\u200c\u0647\u0627 \u0648 \u062a\u063a\u06cc\u06cc\u0631 \u0634\u06a9\u0644\u200c\u0647\u0627 \u062f\u0631 \u0633\u0627\u0632\u0647\u200c\u0647\u0627 \u0631\u0627 \u0627\u0646\u062c\u0627\u0645 \u062f\u0627\u062f.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0647\u0645\u0627\u0646\u200c\u0637\u0648\u0631 \u06a9\u0647 \u06af\u0641\u062a\u06cc\u0645\u060c \u0628\u0647\u200c\u062c\u0632 \u0646\u0645\u0627\u06cc\u0634\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0645\u0627\u062a\u0631\u06cc\u0633\u06cc \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0632 \u0644\u06cc\u0633\u062a \u0646\u06cc\u0632 \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u0646\u0645\u0627\u06cc\u0634 \u06af\u0631\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u06a9\u0631\u062f. \u062f\u0631 \u0646\u0645\u0627\u06cc\u0634 \u0644\u06cc\u0633\u062a\u06cc\u060c \u0627\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0637\u0627\u062a \u0628\u06cc\u0646 \u0631\u0626\u0648\u0633 \u0628\u0647 \u0635\u0648\u0631\u062a \u0644\u06cc\u0633\u062a\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc\u06cc \u0627\u0632 \u06cc\u0627\u0644\u200c\u0647\u0627 \u0630\u062e\u06cc\u0631\u0647 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u0634\u0648\u0646\u062f. \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u0631\u0648\u0634 \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u06af\u0631\u0627\u0641\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u067e\u0631\u0627\u06a9\u0646\u062f\u0647 \u06a9\u0647 \u062a\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062f \u06cc\u0627\u0644\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u06a9\u0645\u06cc \u0646\u0633\u0628\u062a \u0628\u0647 \u062a\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062f \u0631\u0626\u0648\u0633 \u062f\u0627\u0631\u0646\u062f\u060c \u0628\u0633\u06cc\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628 \u0627\u0633\u062a.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u0644\u06cc\u0633\u062a \u0645\u062c\u0627\u0648\u0631\u062a<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>\u062f\u0631 \u0644\u06cc\u0633\u062a \u0645\u062c\u0627\u0648\u0631\u062a (Adjacency List)\u060c \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u0647\u0631 \u0631\u0627\u0633 \u06cc\u06a9 \u0644\u06cc\u0633\u062a \u0627\u0632 \u0631\u0626\u0648\u0633 \u0647\u0645\u0633\u0627\u06cc\u0647 \u0622\u0646 \u0646\u06af\u0647\u062f\u0627\u0631\u06cc \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u0634\u0648\u062f. \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u0631\u0648\u0634 \u0628\u0647 \u062e\u0635\u0648\u0635 \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u06af\u0631\u0627\u0641\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0628\u0632\u0631\u06af \u0648 \u067e\u0631\u0627\u06a9\u0646\u062f\u0647 \u0645\u0641\u06cc\u062f \u0627\u0633\u062a\u060c \u0632\u06cc\u0631\u0627 \u0641\u0636\u0627\u06cc \u06a9\u0645\u062a\u0631\u06cc \u0631\u0627 \u0646\u0633\u0628\u062a \u0628\u0647 \u0645\u0627\u062a\u0631\u06cc\u0633 \u0645\u062c\u0627\u0648\u0631\u062a \u0627\u0634\u063a\u0627\u0644 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u06a9\u0646\u062f \u0648 \u062f\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0633\u06cc \u0628\u0647 \u0647\u0645\u0633\u0627\u06cc\u06af\u0627\u0646 \u06cc\u06a9 \u0631\u0627\u0633 \u062e\u0627\u0635 \u0633\u0631\u06cc\u0639\u200c\u062a\u0631 \u0627\u0633\u062a. \u0644\u06cc\u0633\u062a \u0645\u062c\u0627\u0648\u0631\u062a \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u06af\u0631\u0627\u0641\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641 \u0628\u0647\u200c\u0631\u0648\u0634\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u06cc \u062a\u0639\u0631\u06cc\u0641 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u0634\u0648\u062f. \u0628\u0647\u200c\u0647\u0645\u06cc\u0646 \u062f\u0644\u06cc\u0644 \u062f\u0631\u0627\u062f\u0627\u0645\u0647 \u0647\u0631 \u06cc\u06a9 \u0631\u0627 \u062c\u062f\u0627\u06af\u0627\u0646\u0647 \u0628\u0631\u0631\u0633\u06cc \u062e\u0648\u0627\u0647\u06cc\u0645 \u06a9\u0631\u062f:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u0644\u06cc\u0633\u062a \u0645\u062c\u0627\u0648\u0631\u062a \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u06af\u0631\u0627\u0641\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u062c\u0647\u062a\u200c\u062f\u0627\u0631<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0641\u0631\u0636 \u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u062f \u06cc\u06a9 \u06af\u0631\u0627\u0641 \u0628\u06cc\u200c\u0648\u0632\u0646 \u0648 \u0628\u06cc\u200c\u062c\u0647\u062a G \u062f\u0627\u0631\u06cc\u0645 \u06a9\u0647 \u0634\u0627\u0645\u0644 n \u0631\u0627\u0633 \u0648 e \u06cc\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0633\u062a. \u0644\u06cc\u0633\u062a \u0645\u062c\u0627\u0648\u0631\u062a \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u06af\u0631\u0627\u0641 \u0628\u0647 \u0635\u0648\u0631\u062a \u0632\u06cc\u0631 \u062a\u0639\u0631\u06cc\u0641 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u0634\u0648\u062f:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u0647\u0631 \u0631\u0627\u0633 \u06cc\u06a9 \u0644\u06cc\u0633\u062a \u0627\u0632 \u0631\u0626\u0648\u0633 \u0645\u062c\u0627\u0648\u0631 \u062e\u0648\u062f \u062f\u0627\u0631\u062f.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0627\u06af\u0631 \u0628\u06cc\u0646 \u0631\u0626\u0648\u0633 i \u0648 j \u06cc\u0627\u0644 \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u062f\u0627\u0634\u062a\u0647 \u0628\u0627\u0634\u062f\u060c \u0631\u0627\u0633 j \u0628\u0647 \u0644\u06cc\u0633\u062a \u0645\u062c\u0627\u0648\u0631\u062a \u0631\u0627\u0633 i \u0648 \u0631\u0627\u0633 i \u0628\u0647 \u0644\u06cc\u0633\u062a \u0645\u062c\u0627\u0648\u0631\u062a \u0631\u0627\u0633 j \u0627\u0636\u0627\u0641\u0647 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u0634\u0648\u062f.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter size-full is-resized\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/cafetadris.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/image-82.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-18164\" width=\"816\" height=\"207\" srcset=\"https:\/\/cafetadris.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/image-82.png 883w, https:\/\/cafetadris.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/image-82-300x76.png 300w, https:\/\/cafetadris.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/image-82-768x195.png 768w, https:\/\/cafetadris.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/image-82-585x148.png 585w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 816px) 100vw, 816px\" \/><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n<p>\u062d\u0627\u0644 \u0641\u0631\u0636 \u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u062f \u06cc\u06a9 \u06af\u0631\u0627\u0641 \u0648\u0632\u0646\u200c\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0648 \u0628\u06cc\u200c\u062c\u0647\u062a G \u062f\u0627\u0631\u06cc\u0645 \u06a9\u0647 \u0634\u0627\u0645\u0644 n \u0631\u0627\u0633 \u0648 e \u06cc\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0633\u062a. \u0644\u06cc\u0633\u062a \u0645\u062c\u0627\u0648\u0631\u062a \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u06af\u0631\u0627\u0641 \u0628\u0647 \u0635\u0648\u0631\u062a \u0632\u06cc\u0631 \u062a\u0639\u0631\u06cc\u0641 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u0634\u0648\u062f:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u0647\u0631 \u0631\u0627\u0633 \u06cc\u06a9 \u0644\u06cc\u0633\u062a \u0627\u0632 \u0631\u0626\u0648\u0633 \u0645\u062c\u0627\u0648\u0631 \u062e\u0648\u062f \u062f\u0627\u0631\u062f.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0627\u06af\u0631 \u0628\u06cc\u0646 \u0631\u0626\u0648\u0633 i \u0648 j \u06cc\u0627\u0644\u06cc \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u062f\u0627\u0634\u062a\u0647 \u0628\u0627\u0634\u062f\u060c \u0631\u0627\u0633 j \u0628\u0647\u200c\u0647\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u0648\u0632\u0646 \u0622\u0646 \u06cc\u0627\u0644 \u0628\u0647 \u0644\u06cc\u0633\u062a \u0645\u062c\u0627\u0648\u0631\u062a \u0631\u0627\u0633 i \u0648 \u0631\u0627\u0633 i \u0628\u0647\u200c\u0647\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u0648\u0632\u0646 \u0622\u0646 \u06cc\u0627\u0644 \u0628\u0647 \u0644\u06cc\u0633\u062a \u0645\u062c\u0627\u0648\u0631\u062a \u0631\u0627\u0633 j \u0627\u0636\u0627\u0641\u0647 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u0634\u0648\u062f.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter size-full is-resized\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/cafetadris.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/image-83.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-18165\" width=\"688\" height=\"269\" srcset=\"https:\/\/cafetadris.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/image-83.png 902w, https:\/\/cafetadris.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/image-83-300x118.png 300w, https:\/\/cafetadris.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/image-83-768x301.png 768w, https:\/\/cafetadris.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/image-83-585x230.png 585w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 688px) 100vw, 688px\" \/><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u0646\u062d\u0648\u0647 \u0633\u0627\u062e\u062a \u0648 \u06a9\u0627\u0631 \u0628\u0627 \u0644\u06cc\u0633\u062a \u0645\u062c\u0627\u0648\u0631\u062a \u06af\u0631\u0627\u0641 \u0628\u06cc\u200c\u062c\u0647\u062a \u062f\u0631 \u067e\u0627\u06cc\u062a\u0648\u0646<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u0645\u0646\u0638\u0648\u0631\u060c \u06cc\u06a9 \u06a9\u0644\u0627\u0633 \u0628\u0647 \u0646\u0627\u0645 Graph \u062a\u0639\u0631\u06cc\u0641 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u0645 \u06a9\u0647 \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u0646\u0645\u0627\u06cc\u0634 \u0644\u06cc\u0633\u062a \u0645\u062c\u0627\u0648\u0631\u062a \u062f\u0631 \u06af\u0631\u0627\u0641\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u062c\u0647\u062a\u200c\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u0634\u0648\u062f. \u062f\u0631 \u0645\u062a\u062f __init__ \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u06a9\u0644\u0627\u0633\u060c \u062a\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062f \u0631\u0626\u0648\u0633 \u06af\u0631\u0627\u0641 (num_vertices) \u0631\u0627 \u0628\u0647\u200c\u0639\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0646 \u0648\u0631\u0648\u062f\u06cc \u062a\u0639\u06cc\u06cc\u0646 \u0648 \u06cc\u06a9 \u0644\u06cc\u0633\u062a \u0627\u0632 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u062f\u06cc\u0631 None \u0627\u06cc\u062c\u0627\u062f \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u0645 \u06a9\u0647 \u0647\u0631 \u06a9\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0646\u0634\u0627\u0646\u200c\u062f\u0647\u0646\u062f\u0647 \u0627\u0628\u062a\u062f\u0627\u06cc \u06cc\u06a9 \u0644\u06cc\u0633\u062a \u067e\u06cc\u0648\u0646\u062f\u06cc (Linked List) \u0627\u0633\u062a \u06a9\u0647 \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u0646\u06af\u0647\u062f\u0627\u0631\u06cc \u0631\u0626\u0648\u0633 \u0645\u062c\u0627\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u0634\u0648\u062f. \u0647\u0645\u0686\u0646\u06cc\u0646\u060c \u0645\u062a\u063a\u06cc\u0631 weight \u0631\u0627 \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u062a\u0639\u06cc\u06cc\u0646 \u0648\u0632\u0646\u200c\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0628\u0648\u062f\u0646 \u06cc\u0627 \u0646\u0628\u0648\u062f\u0646 \u06af\u0631\u0627\u0641 \u062a\u0639\u0631\u06cc\u0641 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u0645.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0633\u067e\u0633\u060c \u0645\u062a\u062f add_edge \u0631\u0627 \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u0627\u0641\u0632\u0648\u062f\u0646 \u06cc\u06a9 \u06cc\u0627\u0644 \u0628\u06cc\u0646 \u062f\u0648 \u0631\u0627\u0633 \u0645\u0634\u062e\u0635 \u0627\u06cc\u062c\u0627\u062f \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u0645. &nbsp;\u062f\u0631 \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u0645\u062a\u062f\u060c \u06cc\u06a9 \u06cc\u0627\u0644 \u0628\u06cc\u0646 \u062f\u0648 \u0631\u0627\u0633 v1 &nbsp;\u0648 v2 &nbsp;\u0627\u0636\u0627\u0641\u0647 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u0634\u0648\u062f. \u0633\u067e\u0633\u060c \u06af\u0631\u0647 \u062c\u062f\u06cc\u062f \u0628\u0647 \u0627\u0628\u062a\u062f\u0627\u06cc \u0644\u06cc\u0633\u062a \u067e\u06cc\u0648\u0646\u062f\u06cc \u0645\u062c\u0627\u0648\u0631\u062a \u0627\u0636\u0627\u0641\u0647 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u0634\u0648\u062f. \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u06cc\u0627\u062a \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u0647\u0631 \u062f\u0648 \u0631\u0627\u0633 v1 \u0648 v2 \u062a\u06a9\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u0634\u0648\u062f \u062a\u0627 \u0647\u0631\u06a9\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0632 \u0631\u0626\u0648\u0633 \u0628\u0647 \u0644\u06cc\u0633\u062a \u062f\u06cc\u06af\u0631\u06cc \u0627\u0636\u0627\u0641\u0647 \u0634\u0648\u062f.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u062f\u0631\u067e\u0627\u06cc\u0627\u0646\u060c \u0645\u062a\u062f display \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u0646\u0645\u0627\u06cc\u0634 \u0644\u06cc\u0633\u062a \u0645\u062c\u0627\u0648\u0631\u062a \u0628\u0647 \u06a9\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u0631\u0648\u062f \u0648 \u0647\u0631 \u0644\u06cc\u0633\u062a \u067e\u06cc\u0648\u0646\u062f\u06cc \u0631\u0627 \u0628\u0647 \u0637\u0648\u0631 \u062c\u062f\u0627\u06af\u0627\u0646\u0647 \u0686\u0627\u067e \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u06a9\u0646\u062f. \u062f\u0631 \u0635\u0648\u0631\u062a\u06cc \u06a9\u0647 \u06af\u0631\u0627\u0641 \u0648\u0632\u0646\u200c\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0628\u0627\u0634\u062f\u060c \u0648\u0632\u0646 \u0647\u0631 \u06cc\u0627\u0644 \u0646\u06cc\u0632 \u0646\u0645\u0627\u06cc\u0634 \u062f\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u0634\u0648\u062f:<\/p>\n\n\n<p style=\"direction:ltr;text-align:left!important\">\n<code>class GraphNode:<\/code><br \/>\n<code>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;def __init__(self, vertex, weight=None):<\/code><br \/>\n<code>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span style=\"color:green\"># Initialize a graph node with the given vertex and optional weight<\/span><\/code><br \/>\n<code>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;self.vertex = vertex<\/code><br \/>\n<code>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;self.weight = weight<\/code><br \/>\n<code>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;self.next = None<\/code>\n<\/p>\n<p style=\"direction:ltr;text-align:left!important\">\n<code>class Graph:<\/code><br \/>\n<code>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;def __init__(self, num_vertices):<\/code><br \/>\n<code>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span style=\"color:green\"># Initialize the graph with a specified number of vertices<\/span><\/code><br \/>\n<code>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;self.V = num_vertices<\/code><br \/>\n<code>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span style=\"color:green\"># Create an adjacency list with None values for each vertex<\/span><\/code><br \/>\n<code>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;self.adj_list = [None] * num_vertices<\/code><br \/>\n<code>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span style=\"color:green\"># Initialize a flag to check if the graph is weighted<\/span><\/code><br \/>\n<code>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;self.weighted = False<\/code>\n<\/p>\n<p style=\"direction:ltr;text-align:left!important\">\n<code>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;def add_edge(self, v1, v2, weight=None):<\/code><br \/>\n<code>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span style=\"color:green\"># Add an edge between 'v1' and 'v2' with an optional weight<\/span><\/code><br \/>\n<code>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;if weight is not None:<\/code><br \/>\n<code>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;self.weighted = True<\/code><br \/>\n<code>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;new_node = GraphNode(v2, weight)<\/code><br \/>\n<code>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;else:<\/code><br \/>\n<code>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;new_node = GraphNode(v2)<\/code><br \/>\n<code>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span style=\"color:green\"># Add the new node to the adjacency list of 'v1'<\/span><\/code><br \/>\n<code>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;new_node.next = self.adj_list[v1]<\/code><br \/>\n<code>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;self.adj_list[v1] = new_node<\/code>\n<\/p>\n<p style=\"direction:ltr;text-align:left!important\">\n<code>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span style=\"color:green\"># Repeat the process for 'v2' to ensure undirected behavior<\/span><\/code><br \/>\n<code>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;if weight is not None:<\/code><br \/>\n<code>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;new_node = GraphNode(v1, weight)<\/code><br \/>\n<code>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;else:<\/code><br \/>\n<code>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;new_node = GraphNode(v1)<\/code><br \/>\n<code>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span style=\"color:green\"># Add the new node to the adjacency list of 'v2'<\/span><\/code><br \/>\n<code>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;new_node.next = self.adj_list[v2]<\/code><br \/>\n<code>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;self.adj_list[v2] = new_node<\/code>\n<\/p>\n<p style=\"direction:ltr;text-align:left!important\">\n<code>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;def display(self):<\/code><br \/>\n<code>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span style=\"color:green\"># Display the adjacency list of the graph<\/span><\/code><br \/>\n<code>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;for i in range(self.V):<\/code><br \/>\n<code>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;print(f\"Vertex {i}:\", end=\"\")<\/code><br \/>\n<code>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;temp = self.adj_list[i]<\/code><br \/>\n<code>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;while temp:<\/code><br \/>\n<code>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span style=\"color:green\"># Print the vertex and weight if the graph is weighted<\/span><\/code><br \/>\n<code>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;if self.weighted and temp.weight is not None:<\/code><br \/>\n<code>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;print(f\" -&gt; ({temp.vertex}, {temp.weight})\", end=\"\")<\/code><br \/>\n<code>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;else:<\/code><br \/>\n<code>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;print(f\" -&gt; {temp.vertex}\", end=\"\")<\/code><br \/>\n<code>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;temp = temp.next<\/code><br \/>\n<code>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;print()<\/code><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u0646\u0645\u0627\u06cc\u0634 \u0644\u06cc\u0633\u062a \u0645\u062c\u0627\u0648\u0631\u062a \u06cc\u06a9 \u06af\u0631\u0627\u0641 \u0628\u062f\u0648\u0646 \u0648\u0632\u0646 \u0648 \u0628\u06cc\u200c\u062c\u0647\u062a \u0628\u0647\u200c\u0635\u0648\u0631\u062a \u0632\u06cc\u0631 \u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u0645:<\/p>\n\n\n<p style=\"direction:ltr;text-align:left!important\">\n<code><span style=\"color:green\"># Create an unweighted graph<\/span><\/code><br \/>\n<code>unweighted_graph = Graph(4)<\/code>\n<\/p>\n<p style=\"direction:ltr;text-align:left!important\">\n<code><span style=\"color:green\"># Add edges<\/span><\/code><br \/>\n<code>unweighted_graph.add_edge(0, 1)<\/code><br \/>\n<code>unweighted_graph.add_edge(1, 2)<\/code><br \/>\n<code>unweighted_graph.add_edge(1, 3)<\/code><br \/>\n<code>unweighted_graph.add_edge(2, 3)<\/code>\n<\/p>\n<p style=\"direction:ltr;text-align:left!important\">\n<code><span style=\"color:green\"># Display the Adjacency list<\/span><\/code><br \/>\n<code>print(\"Adjacency list:\")<\/code><br \/>\n<code>unweighted_graph.display()<\/code>\n<\/p>\n<p style=\"direction:ltr;text-align:left!important\">\n<strong>Adjacency list:<\/strong><br \/>\nVertex 0: -&gt; 1<br \/>\nVertex 1: -&gt; 3 -&gt; 2 -&gt; 0<br \/>\nVertex 2: -&gt; 3 -&gt; 1<br \/>\nVertex 3: -&gt; 2 -&gt; 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u0646\u0645\u0627\u06cc\u0634 \u0644\u06cc\u0633\u062a \u0645\u062c\u0627\u0648\u0631\u062a \u06cc\u06a9 \u06af\u0631\u0627\u0641 \u0648\u0632\u0646\u200c\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0648 \u0628\u06cc\u200c\u062c\u0647\u062a \u0646\u06cc\u0632 \u0628\u0647\u200c\u0634\u06a9\u0644 \u0632\u06cc\u0631 \u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u0645:<\/p>\n\n\n<p style=\"direction:ltr;text-align:left!important\">\n<code><span style=\"color:green\"># Create a weighted graph<\/span><\/code><br \/>\n<code>graph = Graph(4)<\/code>\n<\/p>\n<p style=\"direction:ltr;text-align:left!important\">\n<code><span style=\"color:green\"># Add edges<\/span><\/code><br \/>\n<code>graph.add_edge(0, 1, 2)<\/code><br \/>\n<code>graph.add_edge(1, 2, 4)<\/code><br \/>\n<code>graph.add_edge(1, 3, 3)<\/code><br \/>\n<code>graph.add_edge(2, 3, 5)<\/code>\n<\/p>\n<p style=\"direction:ltr;text-align:left!important\">\n<code><span style=\"color:green\"># Display the Adjacency list<\/span><\/code><br \/>\n<code>print(\"Adjacency list:\")<\/code><br \/>\n<code>graph.display()<\/code>\n<\/p>\n<p style=\"direction:ltr;text-align:left!important\">\n<strong>Adjacency list:<\/strong><br \/>\nVertex 0: -&gt; (1, 2)<br \/>\nVertex 1: -&gt; (3, 3) -&gt; (2, 4) -&gt; (0, 2)<br \/>\nVertex 2: -&gt; (3, 5) -&gt; (1, 4)<br \/>\nVertex 3: -&gt; (2, 5) -&gt; (1, 3)<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u0644\u06cc\u0633\u062a \u0645\u062c\u0627\u0648\u0631\u062a \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u06af\u0631\u0627\u0641\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u062c\u0647\u062a\u200c\u062f\u0627\u0631<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>\u062d\u0627\u0644 \u0641\u0631\u0636 \u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u062f \u06cc\u06a9 \u06af\u0631\u0627\u0641 \u0628\u06cc\u200c\u0648\u0632\u0646 \u0648 \u062c\u0647\u062a\u200c\u062f\u0627\u0631 G \u062f\u0627\u0631\u06cc\u0645 \u06a9\u0647 \u0634\u0627\u0645\u0644 n \u0631\u0627\u0633 \u0648 e \u06cc\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0633\u062a. \u0644\u06cc\u0633\u062a \u0645\u062c\u0627\u0648\u0631\u062a \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u06af\u0631\u0627\u0641 \u0628\u0647 \u0635\u0648\u0631\u062a \u0632\u06cc\u0631 \u062a\u0639\u0631\u06cc\u0641 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u0634\u0648\u062f:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u0647\u0631 \u0631\u0627\u0633 \u06cc\u06a9 \u0644\u06cc\u0633\u062a \u0627\u0632 \u0631\u0626\u0648\u0633 \u0645\u062c\u0627\u0648\u0631 \u062e\u0648\u062f \u062f\u0627\u0631\u062f.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0627\u06af\u0631 \u0627\u0632 \u0631\u0627\u0633 i \u0628\u0647 \u0631\u0627\u0633 j \u06cc\u0627\u0644\u06cc \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u062f\u0627\u0634\u062a\u0647 \u0628\u0627\u0634\u062f\u060c \u062a\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0631\u0627\u0633 j \u0628\u0647 \u0644\u06cc\u0633\u062a \u0645\u062c\u0627\u0648\u0631\u062a \u0631\u0627\u0633 i \u0627\u0636\u0627\u0641\u0647 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u0634\u0648\u062f.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter size-full is-resized\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/cafetadris.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/image-84.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-18166\" width=\"742\" height=\"216\" srcset=\"https:\/\/cafetadris.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/image-84.png 891w, https:\/\/cafetadris.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/image-84-300x88.png 300w, https:\/\/cafetadris.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/image-84-768x224.png 768w, https:\/\/cafetadris.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/image-84-585x171.png 585w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 742px) 100vw, 742px\" \/><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n<p>\u062d\u0627\u0644 \u0641\u0631\u0636 \u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u062f \u06cc\u06a9 \u06af\u0631\u0627\u0641 \u0648\u0632\u0646\u200c\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0648 \u062c\u0647\u062a\u200c\u062f\u0627\u0631 G \u062f\u0627\u0631\u06cc\u0645 \u06a9\u0647 \u0634\u0627\u0645\u0644 n \u0631\u0627\u0633 \u0648 e \u06cc\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0633\u062a. \u0644\u06cc\u0633\u062a \u0645\u062c\u0627\u0648\u0631\u062a \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u06af\u0631\u0627\u0641 \u0628\u0647 \u0635\u0648\u0631\u062a \u0632\u06cc\u0631 \u062a\u0639\u0631\u06cc\u0641 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u0634\u0648\u062f:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u0647\u0631 \u0631\u0627\u0633 \u06cc\u06a9 \u0644\u06cc\u0633\u062a \u0627\u0632 \u0631\u0626\u0648\u0633 \u0645\u062c\u0627\u0648\u0631 \u062e\u0648\u062f \u062f\u0627\u0631\u062f.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0627\u06af\u0631 \u0627\u0632 \u0631\u0627\u0633 i \u0628\u0647 \u0631\u0627\u0633 j \u06cc\u0627\u0644\u06cc \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u062f\u0627\u0634\u062a\u0647 \u0628\u0627\u0634\u062f\u060c \u062a\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0631\u0627\u0633 j \u0628\u0647\u200c\u0647\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u0648\u0632\u0646 \u0622\u0646 \u06cc\u0627\u0644 \u0628\u0647 \u0644\u06cc\u0633\u062a \u0645\u062c\u0627\u0648\u0631\u062a \u0631\u0627\u0633 i \u0627\u0636\u0627\u0641\u0647 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u0634\u0648\u062f.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter size-full is-resized\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/cafetadris.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/image-85.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-18167\" width=\"523\" height=\"271\" srcset=\"https:\/\/cafetadris.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/image-85.png 645w, https:\/\/cafetadris.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/image-85-300x155.png 300w, https:\/\/cafetadris.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/image-85-585x303.png 585w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 523px) 100vw, 523px\" \/><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u0646\u062d\u0648\u0647 \u0633\u0627\u062e\u062a \u0648 \u06a9\u0627\u0631 \u0628\u0627 \u0644\u06cc\u0633\u062a \u0645\u062c\u0627\u0648\u0631\u062a \u06af\u0631\u0627\u0641 \u062c\u0647\u062a\u200c\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u062f\u0631 \u067e\u0627\u06cc\u062a\u0648\u0646<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u0645\u0646\u0638\u0648\u0631\u060c \u06cc\u06a9 \u06a9\u0644\u0627\u0633 \u0628\u0647 \u0646\u0627\u0645 DirectedGraph \u062a\u0639\u0631\u06cc\u0641 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u0645 \u06a9\u0647 \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u0646\u0645\u0627\u06cc\u0634 \u0644\u06cc\u0633\u062a \u0645\u062c\u0627\u0648\u0631\u062a \u062f\u0631 \u06af\u0631\u0627\u0641\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u062c\u0647\u062a\u200c\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u0634\u0648\u062f. \u062f\u0631 \u0645\u062a\u062f __init__ \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u06a9\u0644\u0627\u0633\u060c \u062a\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062f \u0631\u0626\u0648\u0633 \u06af\u0631\u0627\u0641 (num_vertices) \u0631\u0627 \u0628\u0647\u200c\u0639\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0646 \u0648\u0631\u0648\u062f\u06cc \u062a\u0639\u06cc\u06cc\u0646 \u0648 \u06cc\u06a9 \u0644\u06cc\u0633\u062a \u0627\u0632 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u062f\u06cc\u0631 None \u0627\u06cc\u062c\u0627\u062f \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u0645 \u06a9\u0647 \u0647\u0631 \u06a9\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0646\u0634\u0627\u0646\u200c\u062f\u0647\u0646\u062f\u0647 \u0627\u0628\u062a\u062f\u0627\u06cc \u06cc\u06a9 \u0644\u06cc\u0633\u062a \u067e\u06cc\u0648\u0646\u062f\u06cc \u0627\u0633\u062a \u06a9\u0647 \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u0646\u06af\u0647\u062f\u0627\u0631\u06cc \u0631\u0626\u0648\u0633 \u0645\u062c\u0627\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u0634\u0648\u062f. \u0647\u0645\u0686\u0646\u06cc\u0646\u060c \u0645\u062a\u063a\u06cc\u0631 weight \u0631\u0627 \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u062a\u0639\u06cc\u06cc\u0646 \u0648\u0632\u0646\u200c\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0628\u0648\u062f\u0646 \u06cc\u0627 \u0646\u0628\u0648\u062f\u0646 \u06af\u0631\u0627\u0641 \u062a\u0639\u0631\u06cc\u0641 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u0645.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0633\u067e\u0633\u060c \u0645\u062a\u062f add_edge \u0631\u0627 \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u0627\u0641\u0632\u0648\u062f\u0646 \u06cc\u06a9 \u06cc\u0627\u0644 \u062c\u0647\u062a\u200c\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0632 \u06cc\u06a9 \u0631\u0627\u0633 \u0628\u0647 \u0631\u0627\u0633 \u062f\u06cc\u06af\u0631 \u0645\u0634\u062e\u0635 \u0627\u06cc\u062c\u0627\u062f \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u0645. \u062f\u0631 \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u0645\u062a\u062f\u060c \u06cc\u06a9 \u06cc\u0627\u0644 \u062c\u0647\u062a\u200c\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0632 \u0631\u0627\u0633 v1 \u0628\u0647 \u0631\u0627\u0633 v2 \u0627\u0636\u0627\u0641\u0647 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u0634\u0648\u062f. \u0633\u067e\u0633\u060c \u06af\u0631\u0647 \u062c\u062f\u06cc\u062f \u0628\u0647 \u0627\u0628\u062a\u062f\u0627\u06cc \u0644\u06cc\u0633\u062a \u067e\u06cc\u0648\u0646\u062f\u06cc \u0645\u062c\u0627\u0648\u0631\u062a \u0627\u0636\u0627\u0641\u0647 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u0634\u0648\u062f. \u062f\u0631 \u06af\u0631\u0627\u0641\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u062c\u0647\u062a\u200c\u062f\u0627\u0631\u060c \u0641\u0642\u0637 v2 \u0628\u0647 \u0644\u06cc\u0633\u062a \u0631\u0627\u0633 v1 \u0627\u0636\u0627\u0641\u0647 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u0634\u0648\u062f \u0648 \u0646\u06cc\u0627\u0632\u06cc \u0628\u0647 \u062a\u06a9\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u06cc\u0627\u062a \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc v2 \u0646\u06cc\u0633\u062a.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u062f\u0631\u067e\u0627\u06cc\u0627\u0646\u060c \u0645\u062a\u062f display \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u0646\u0645\u0627\u06cc\u0634 \u0644\u06cc\u0633\u062a \u0645\u062c\u0627\u0648\u0631\u062a \u0628\u0647 \u06a9\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u0631\u0648\u062f \u0648 \u0647\u0631 \u0644\u06cc\u0633\u062a \u067e\u06cc\u0648\u0646\u062f\u06cc \u0631\u0627 \u0628\u0647 \u0637\u0648\u0631 \u062c\u062f\u0627\u06af\u0627\u0646\u0647 \u0686\u0627\u067e \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u06a9\u0646\u062f. \u062f\u0631 \u0635\u0648\u0631\u062a\u06cc \u06a9\u0647 \u06af\u0631\u0627\u0641 \u0648\u0632\u0646\u200c\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0628\u0627\u0634\u062f\u060c \u0648\u0632\u0646 \u0647\u0631 \u06cc\u0627\u0644 \u0646\u06cc\u0632 \u0646\u0645\u0627\u06cc\u0634 \u062f\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u0634\u0648\u062f:<\/p>\n\n\n<p style=\"direction:ltr;text-align:left!important\">\n<code>class GraphNode:<\/code><br \/>\n<code>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;def __init__(self, vertex, weight=None):<\/code><br \/>\n<code>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span style=\"color:green\"># Initialize a graph node with the given vertex and optional weight<\/span><\/code><br \/>\n<code>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;self.vertex = vertex<\/code><br \/>\n<code>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;self.weight = weight<\/code><br \/>\n<code>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;self.next = None<\/code>\n<\/p>\n<p style=\"direction:ltr;text-align:left!important\">\n<code>class DirectedGraph:<\/code><br \/>\n<code>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;def __init__(self, num_vertices):<\/code><br \/>\n<code>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span style=\"color:green\"># Initialize the graph with a specified number of vertices<\/span><\/code><br \/>\n<code>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;self.V = num_vertices<\/code><br \/>\n<code>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span style=\"color:green\"># Create an adjacency list with None values for each vertex<\/span><\/code><br \/>\n<code>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;self.adj_list = [None] * num_vertices<\/code><br \/>\n<code>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span style=\"color:green\"># Initialize a flag to check if the graph is weighted<\/span><\/code><br \/>\n<code>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;self.weighted = False<\/code>\n<\/p>\n<p style=\"direction:ltr;text-align:left!important\">\n<code>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;def add_edge(self, v1, v2, weight=None):<\/code><br \/>\n<code>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span style=\"color:green\"># Add an edge from 'v1' to 'v2' with an optional weight<\/span><\/code><br \/>\n<code>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;if weight is not None:<\/code><br \/>\n<code>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;self.weighted = True<\/code><br \/>\n<code>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;new_node = GraphNode(v2, weight)<\/code><br \/>\n<code>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;else:<\/code><br \/>\n<code>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;new_node = GraphNode(v2)<\/code>\n<\/p>\n<p style=\"direction:ltr;text-align:left!important\">\n<code>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span style=\"color:green\"># Add the new node to the adjacency list of 'v1'<\/span><\/code><br \/>\n<code>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;new_node.next = self.adj_list[v1]<\/code><br \/>\n<code>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;self.adj_list[v1] = new_node<\/code>\n<\/p>\n<p style=\"direction:ltr;text-align:left!important\">\n<code>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;def display(self):<\/code><br \/>\n<code>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span style=\"color:green\"># Display the adjacency list of the graph<\/span><\/code><br \/>\n<code>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;for i in range(self.V):<\/code><br \/>\n<code>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;print(f\"Vertex {i}:\", end=\"\")<\/code><br \/>\n<code>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;temp = self.adj_list[i]<\/code><br \/>\n<code>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;while temp:<\/code><br \/>\n<code>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span style=\"color:green\"># Print the vertex and weight if the graph is weighted<\/span><\/code><br \/>\n<code>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;if self.weighted and temp.weight is not None:<\/code><br \/>\n<code>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;print(f\" -&gt; ({temp.vertex}, {temp.weight})\", end=\"\")<\/code><br \/>\n<code>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;else:<\/code><br \/>\n<code>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;print(f\" -&gt; {temp.vertex}\", end=\"\")<\/code><br \/>\n<code>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;temp = temp.next<\/code><br \/>\n<code>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;print()<\/code><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u0646\u0645\u0627\u06cc\u0634 \u0644\u06cc\u0633\u062a \u0645\u062c\u0627\u0648\u0631\u062a \u06cc\u06a9 \u06af\u0631\u0627\u0641 \u0628\u062f\u0648\u0646 \u0648\u0632\u0646 \u0648 \u062c\u0647\u062a\u200c\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0628\u0647\u200c\u0635\u0648\u0631\u062a \u0632\u06cc\u0631 \u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u0645:<\/p>\n\n\n<p style=\"direction:ltr;text-align:left!important\">\n<code><span style=\"color:green\"># Create an unweighted graph<\/span><\/code><br \/>\n<code>unweighted_graph = DirectedGraph(4)<\/code>\n<\/p>\n<p style=\"direction:ltr;text-align:left!important\">\n<code><span style=\"color:green\"># Add edges<\/span><\/code><br \/>\n<code>unweighted_graph.add_edge(0, 1)<\/code><br \/>\n<code>unweighted_graph.add_edge(1, 2)<\/code><br \/>\n<code>unweighted_graph.add_edge(1, 3)<\/code><br \/>\n<code>unweighted_graph.add_edge(2, 3)<\/code>\n<\/p>\n<p style=\"direction:ltr;text-align:left!important\">\n<code><span style=\"color:green\"># Display the Adjacency list<\/span><\/code><br \/>\n<code>print(\"Adjacency list:\")<\/code><br \/>\n<code>unweighted_graph.display()<\/code>\n<\/p>\n<p style=\"direction:ltr;text-align:left!important\">\n<strong>Adjacency list:<\/strong><br \/>\nVertex 0: -&gt; 1<br \/>\nVertex 1: -&gt; 3 -&gt; 2<br \/>\nVertex 2: -&gt; 3<br \/>\nVertex 3:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u0646\u0645\u0627\u06cc\u0634 \u0644\u06cc\u0633\u062a \u0645\u062c\u0627\u0648\u0631\u062a \u06cc\u06a9 \u06af\u0631\u0627\u0641 \u0648\u0632\u0646\u200c\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0648 \u062c\u0647\u062a\u200c\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0628\u0647\u200c\u0635\u0648\u0631\u062a \u0632\u06cc\u0631 \u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u0645:<\/p>\n\n\n<p style=\"direction:ltr;text-align:left!important\">\n<code><span style=\"color:green\"># Create a weighted graph<\/span><\/code><br \/>\n<code>graph = DirectedGraph(4)<\/code>\n<\/p>\n<p style=\"direction:ltr;text-align:left!important\">\n<code><span style=\"color:green\"># Add edges<\/span><\/code><br \/>\n<code>graph.add_edge(0, 1, 10)<\/code><br \/>\n<code>graph.add_edge(1, 2, 30)<\/code><br \/>\n<code>graph.add_edge(1, 3, 40)<\/code><br \/>\n<code>graph.add_edge(2, 3, 60)<\/code>\n<\/p>\n<p style=\"direction:ltr;text-align:left!important\">\n<code><span style=\"color:green\"># Display the Adjacency list<\/span><\/code><br \/>\n<code>print(\"Adjacency list:\")<\/code><br \/>\n<code>graph.display()<\/code>\n<\/p>\n<p style=\"direction:ltr;text-align:left!important\">\n<strong>Adjacency list:<\/strong><br \/>\nVertex 0: -&gt; (1, 10)<br \/>\nVertex 1: -&gt; (3, 40) -&gt; (2, 30)<br \/>\nVertex 2: -&gt; (3, 60)<br \/>\nVertex 3:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u0639\u0645\u0644\u06cc\u0627\u062a\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0645\u0647\u0645 \u0628\u0627 \u0644\u06cc\u0633\u062a \u0645\u062c\u0627\u0648\u0631\u062a<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>\u062f\u0631 \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u0628\u062e\u0634\u060c \u0628\u0647 \u0628\u0631\u0631\u0633\u06cc \u0628\u0631\u062e\u06cc \u0627\u0632 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u06cc\u0627\u062a\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0645\u0647\u0645 \u0648 \u06a9\u0627\u0631\u0628\u0631\u062f\u06cc \u06a9\u0647 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0646 \u0628\u0627 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0627\u0632 \u0644\u06cc\u0633\u062a \u0645\u062c\u0627\u0648\u0631\u062a \u0627\u0646\u062c\u0627\u0645 \u062f\u0627\u062f\u060c \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u067e\u0631\u062f\u0627\u0632\u06cc\u0645. \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u06cc\u0627\u062a\u200c\u0647\u0627 \u0634\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0628\u0631\u0631\u0633\u06cc \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u06cc\u0627\u0644 \u0628\u06cc\u0646 \u062f\u0648 \u0631\u0627\u0633 \u0648 \u067e\u06cc\u062f\u0627 \u06a9\u0631\u062f\u0646 \u0647\u0645\u0633\u0627\u06cc\u06af\u0627\u0646 \u06cc\u06a9 \u0631\u0627\u0633 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u0628\u0627\u0634\u0646\u062f.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u0628\u0631\u0631\u0633\u06cc \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u06cc\u0627\u0644 \u0628\u06cc\u0646 \u062f\u0648 \u0631\u0627\u0633<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u0628\u0631\u0631\u0633\u06cc \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u06cc\u0627\u0644 \u0628\u06cc\u0646 \u062f\u0648 \u0631\u0627\u0633 \u0645\u0634\u062e\u0635\u060c \u0627\u0632 \u0644\u06cc\u0633\u062a \u0645\u062c\u0627\u0648\u0631\u062a \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u0645. \u062f\u0631 \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u0631\u0648\u0634\u060c \u0644\u06cc\u0633\u062a \u0645\u0631\u0628\u0648\u0637 \u0628\u0647 \u0631\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0648\u0644 \u0631\u0627 \u067e\u06cc\u0645\u0627\u06cc\u0634 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u0645 \u062a\u0627 \u0628\u0628\u06cc\u0646\u06cc\u0645 \u0622\u06cc\u0627 \u0631\u0627\u0633 \u062f\u0648\u0645 \u062f\u0631 \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u0644\u06cc\u0633\u062a \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u062f\u0627\u0631\u062f \u06cc\u0627 \u062e\u06cc\u0631. \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u0631\u0648\u0634 \u0628\u0647 \u062f\u0644\u06cc\u0644 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0627\u0632 \u0644\u06cc\u0633\u062a \u067e\u06cc\u0648\u0646\u062f\u06cc\u060c \u062f\u0631 \u06af\u0631\u0627\u0641\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u067e\u0631\u0627\u06a9\u0646\u062f\u0647 \u0628\u0647\u06cc\u0646\u0647\u200c\u062a\u0631 \u0627\u0633\u062a \u0632\u06cc\u0631\u0627 \u0641\u0642\u0637 \u0631\u0626\u0648\u0633 \u0645\u062a\u0635\u0644 \u0628\u0647 \u0631\u0627\u0633 \u0645\u0648\u0631\u062f \u0646\u0638\u0631 \u0628\u0631\u0631\u0633\u06cc \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u0634\u0648\u0646\u062f.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h5 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u0646\u062d\u0648\u0647 \u0628\u0631\u0631\u0633\u06cc \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u06cc\u0627\u0644 \u0628\u06cc\u0646 \u062f\u0648 \u0631\u0627\u0633 \u062f\u0631 \u067e\u0627\u06cc\u062a\u0648\u0646<\/h5>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u0628\u0631\u0631\u0633\u06cc \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u06cc\u0627\u0644 \u0628\u06cc\u0646 \u062f\u0648 \u0631\u0627\u0633\u060c \u06cc\u06a9 \u062a\u0627\u0628\u0639 \u0628\u0647 \u0646\u0627\u0645 has_edge \u062a\u0639\u0631\u06cc\u0641 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u0645. \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u062a\u0627\u0628\u0639\u060c \u0644\u06cc\u0633\u062a \u0645\u062c\u0627\u0648\u0631\u062a \u06af\u0631\u0627\u0641 \u0648 \u062f\u0648 \u0631\u0627\u0633 v1 \u0648 v2 \u0631\u0627 \u0628\u0647 \u0639\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0646 \u0648\u0631\u0648\u062f\u06cc \u062f\u0631\u06cc\u0627\u0641\u062a \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u06a9\u0646\u062f. \u0633\u067e\u0633 \u0628\u0647 \u0627\u0628\u062a\u062f\u0627\u06cc \u0644\u06cc\u0633\u062a \u0645\u062c\u0627\u0648\u0631\u062a \u0631\u0627\u0633 v1 \u0627\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0647 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u06a9\u0646\u062f \u0648 \u062a\u0627 \u0648\u0642\u062a\u06cc \u06a9\u0647 \u0628\u0647\u200c\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0644\u06cc\u0633\u062a \u0646\u0631\u0633\u06cc\u062f\u0647\u060c \u0647\u0631\u06af\u0631\u0647 \u0631\u0627 \u0628\u0631\u0631\u0633\u06cc \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u06a9\u0646\u062f. \u0627\u06af\u0631 \u0631\u0627\u0633 \u0645\u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u062f\u0631 \u06af\u0631\u0647 \u0641\u0639\u0644\u06cc \u0628\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0631 \u0628\u0627 v2 \u0628\u0627\u0634\u062f\u060c \u062a\u0627\u0628\u0639 True \u0628\u0631\u0645\u06cc\u200c\u06af\u0631\u062f\u0627\u0646\u062f. \u062f\u0631 \u063a\u06cc\u0631 \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u0635\u0648\u0631\u062a\u060c \u0628\u0647 \u06af\u0631\u0647 \u0628\u0639\u062f\u06cc \u062f\u0631 \u0644\u06cc\u0633\u062a \u067e\u06cc\u0648\u0646\u062f\u06cc \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u0631\u0648\u062f. \u0627\u06af\u0631 \u062a\u0627 \u0627\u0646\u062a\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0644\u06cc\u0633\u062a \u0647\u06cc\u0686 \u06af\u0631\u0647\u200c\u0627\u06cc \u0628\u0627 \u0631\u0627\u0633 v2 \u06cc\u0627\u0641\u062a \u0646\u0634\u062f\u060c \u062a\u0627\u0628\u0639 False \u0628\u0631\u0645\u06cc\u200c\u06af\u0631\u062f\u0627\u0646\u062f:<\/p>\n\n\n<p style=\"direction:ltr;text-align:left!important\">\n<code>def has_edge(adj_list, v1, v2):<\/code><br \/>\n<code>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span style=\"color:green\"># Adjacency list of vertex v1<\/span><\/code><br \/>\n<code>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;current = adj_list[v1]<\/code><br \/>\n<code>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span style=\"color:green\"># Traverse the adjacency list<\/span><\/code><br \/>\n<code>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;while current is not None:<\/code><br \/>\n<code>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span style=\"color:green\"># Check if the current vertex is v2<\/span><\/code><br \/>\n<code>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;if current.vertex == v2:<\/code><br \/>\n<code>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;return True<\/code><br \/>\n<code>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span style=\"color:green\"># Move to the next vertex in the adjacency list<\/span><\/code><br \/>\n<code>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;current = current.next<\/code><br \/>\n<code>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;return False<\/code>\n<\/p>\n<p style=\"direction:ltr;text-align:left!important\">\n<code><span style=\"color:green\"># Create a graph<\/span><\/code><br \/>\n<code>graph = Graph(4)<\/code>\n<\/p>\n<p style=\"direction:ltr;text-align:left!important\">\n<code><span style=\"color:green\"># Add edges<\/span><\/code><br \/>\n<code>graph.add_edge(0, 1)<\/code><br \/>\n<code>graph.add_edge(1, 2)<\/code><br \/>\n<code>graph.add_edge(1, 3)<\/code><br \/>\n<code>graph.add_edge(2, 3)<\/code>\n<\/p>\n<p style=\"direction:ltr;text-align:left!important\">\n<code><span style=\"color:green\"># Display the Adjacency list<\/span><\/code><br \/>\n<code>print(\"Adjacency list:\")<\/code><br \/>\n<code>graph.display()<\/code>\n<\/p>\n<p style=\"direction:ltr;text-align:left!important\">\n<code><span style=\"color:green\"># Check if there is an edge between vertices 1 and 2<\/span><\/code><br \/>\n<code>if has_edge(graph.adj_list, 1, 2):<\/code><br \/>\n<code>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;print(\"There is an edge between vertices 1 and 2.\")<\/code><br \/>\n<code>else:<\/code><br \/>\n<code>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;print(\"There is no edge between vertices 1 and 2.\")<\/code>\n<\/p>\n<p style=\"direction:ltr;text-align:left!important\">\n<strong>Adjacency list:<\/strong><br \/>\nVertex 0: -&gt; 1<br \/>\nVertex 1: -&gt; 3 -&gt; 2 -&gt; 0<br \/>\nVertex 2: -&gt; 3 -&gt; 1<br \/>\nVertex 3: -&gt; 2 -&gt; 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u067e\u06cc\u062f\u0627 \u06a9\u0631\u062f\u0646 \u0647\u0645\u0633\u0627\u06cc\u06af\u0627\u0646 \u06cc\u06a9 \u0631\u0627\u0633<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u067e\u06cc\u062f\u0627 \u06a9\u0631\u062f\u0646 \u0647\u0645\u0633\u0627\u06cc\u06af\u0627\u0646 \u06cc\u06a9 \u0631\u0627\u0633\u060c \u0627\u0632 \u0644\u06cc\u0633\u062a \u0645\u062c\u0627\u0648\u0631\u062a \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u0645. \u062f\u0631 \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u0631\u0648\u0634\u060c \u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645\u06cc \u06af\u0631\u0647\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0645\u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u062f\u0631 \u0644\u06cc\u0633\u062a \u0645\u062c\u0627\u0648\u0631\u062a \u0631\u0627\u0633 \u0645\u0648\u0631\u062f \u0646\u0638\u0631 \u0631\u0627 \u067e\u06cc\u0645\u0627\u06cc\u0634 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u0645 \u0648 \u0631\u0626\u0648\u0633 \u0645\u062c\u0627\u0648\u0631 \u0631\u0627 \u0628\u0647 \u06cc\u06a9 \u0644\u06cc\u0633\u062a \u0646\u062a\u0627\u06cc\u062c \u0627\u0636\u0627\u0641\u0647 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u0645. \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u0631\u0648\u0634 \u0628\u0647 \u0645\u0627 \u0627\u062c\u0627\u0632\u0647 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u062f\u0647\u062f \u062a\u0627 \u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0631\u0626\u0648\u0633 \u0645\u062a\u0635\u0644 \u0628\u0647 \u06cc\u06a9 \u0631\u0627\u0633 \u062e\u0627\u0635 \u0631\u0627 \u0628\u0647 \u0631\u0627\u062d\u062a\u06cc \u067e\u06cc\u062f\u0627 \u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u0645.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h5 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u0646\u062d\u0648\u0647 \u067e\u06cc\u062f\u0627 \u06a9\u0631\u062f\u0646 \u0647\u0645\u0633\u0627\u06cc\u06af\u0627\u0646 \u06cc\u06a9 \u0631\u0627\u0633 \u062f\u0631 \u067e\u0627\u06cc\u062a\u0648\u0646<\/h5>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u067e\u06cc\u062f\u0627 \u06a9\u0631\u062f\u0646 \u0647\u0645\u0633\u0627\u06cc\u06af\u0627\u0646 \u06cc\u06a9 \u0631\u0627\u0633 \u0645\u0634\u062e\u0635\u060c \u06cc\u06a9 \u062a\u0627\u0628\u0639 \u0628\u0647 \u0646\u0627\u0645 get_neighbors &nbsp;\u062a\u0639\u0631\u06cc\u0641 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u0645. \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u062a\u0627\u0628\u0639\u060c \u0644\u06cc\u0633\u062a \u0645\u062c\u0627\u0648\u0631\u062a \u06af\u0631\u0627\u0641 \u0648 \u06cc\u06a9 \u0631\u0627\u0633 v \u0631\u0627 \u0628\u0647 \u0639\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0646 \u0648\u0631\u0648\u062f\u06cc \u062f\u0631\u06cc\u0627\u0641\u062a \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u06a9\u0646\u062f. \u0633\u067e\u0633 \u0628\u0647 \u0627\u0628\u062a\u062f\u0627\u06cc \u0644\u06cc\u0633\u062a \u0645\u062c\u0627\u0648\u0631\u062a \u0631\u0627\u0633 v \u0627\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0647 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u06a9\u0646\u062f \u0648 \u062a\u0627 \u0648\u0642\u062a\u06cc \u06a9\u0647 \u0628\u0647\u200c\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0644\u06cc\u0633\u062a \u0646\u0631\u0633\u06cc\u062f\u0647\u060c \u0647\u0631\u06af\u0631\u0647 \u0631\u0627 \u0628\u0631\u0631\u0633\u06cc \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u06a9\u0646\u062f \u0648 \u0631\u0627\u0633 \u0645\u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u062f\u0631 \u06af\u0631\u0647 \u0641\u0639\u0644\u06cc \u0631\u0627 \u0628\u0647 \u0644\u06cc\u0633\u062a \u0647\u0645\u0633\u0627\u06cc\u06af\u0627\u0646\u0634 \u0627\u0636\u0627\u0641\u0647 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u06a9\u0646\u062f. \u062f\u0631\u0646\u0647\u0627\u06cc\u062a\u060c \u0644\u06cc\u0633\u062a \u0647\u0645\u0633\u0627\u06cc\u06af\u0627\u0646 \u0628\u0627\u0632\u06af\u0631\u062f\u0627\u0646\u062f\u0647 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u0634\u0648\u062f:<\/p>\n\n\n<p style=\"direction:ltr;text-align:left!important\">\n<code>def get_neighbors(adj_list, v):<\/code><br \/>\n<code>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span style=\"color:green\"># An empty list to store neighbors<\/span><\/code><br \/>\n<code>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;neighbors = []<\/code><br \/>\n<code>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span style=\"color:green\"># Adjacency list of vertex v<\/span><\/code><br \/>\n<code>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;current = adj_list[v]<\/code><br \/>\n<code>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span style=\"color:green\"># Traverse the adjacency list<\/span><\/code><br \/>\n<code>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;while current is not None:<\/code><br \/>\n<code>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span style=\"color:green\"># Add the current vertex to the neighbors list<\/span><\/code><br \/>\n<code>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;neighbors.append(current.vertex)<\/code><br \/>\n<code>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span style=\"color:green\"># Move to the next vertex in the adjacency list<\/span><\/code><br \/>\n<code>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;current = current.next<\/code><br \/>\n<code>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;return neighbors<\/code>\n<\/p>\n<p style=\"direction:ltr;text-align:left!important\">\n<code><span style=\"color:green\"># Create a graph<\/span><\/code><br \/>\n<code>graph = Graph(4)<\/code>\n<\/p>\n<p style=\"direction:ltr;text-align:left!important\">\n<code><span style=\"color:green\"># Add edges<\/span><\/code><br \/>\n<code>graph.add_edge(0, 1)<\/code><br \/>\n<code>graph.add_edge(1, 2)<\/code><br \/>\n<code>graph.add_edge(1, 3)<\/code><br \/>\n<code>graph.add_edge(2, 3)<\/code>\n<\/p>\n<p style=\"direction:ltr;text-align:left!important\">\n<code><span style=\"color:green\"># Display the Adjacency list<\/span><\/code><br \/>\n<code>print(\"Adjacency list:\")<\/code><br \/>\n<code>graph.display()<\/code>\n<\/p>\n<p style=\"direction:ltr;text-align:left!important\">\n<code><span style=\"color:green\"># Get the neighbors of vertex 1<\/span><\/code><br \/>\n<code>neighbors = get_neighbors(graph.adj_list, 1)<\/code><br \/>\n<code>print(\"Neighbors of vertex 1:\", neighbors)<\/code>\n<\/p>\n<p style=\"direction:ltr;text-align:left!important\">\n<strong>Adjacency list:<\/strong><br \/>\nVertex 0: -&gt; 1<br \/>\nVertex 1: -&gt; 3 -&gt; 2 -&gt; 0<br \/>\nVertex 2: -&gt; 3 -&gt; 1<br \/>\nVertex 3: -&gt; 2 -&gt; 1\n<\/p>\n<p style=\"direction:ltr;text-align:left!important\">\n<strong>Neighbors of vertex 1:<\/strong> [3, 2, 0]<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u0628\u0631\u0631\u0633\u06cc \u067e\u06cc\u0686\u06cc\u062f\u06af\u06cc \u0632\u0645\u0627\u0646\u06cc \u0648 \u0645\u06a9\u0627\u0646\u06cc \u0644\u06cc\u0633\u062a \u0645\u062c\u0627\u0648\u0631\u062a<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u067e\u06cc\u0686\u06cc\u062f\u06af\u06cc \u0645\u06a9\u0627\u0646\u06cc: \u0641\u0636\u0627\u06cc \u0630\u062e\u06cc\u0631\u0647\u200c\u0633\u0627\u0632\u06cc \u0644\u06cc\u0633\u062a \u0645\u062c\u0627\u0648\u0631\u062a \u0628\u0647 \u0635\u0648\u0631\u062a O(n + e) \u0627\u0633\u062a\u060c \u0632\u06cc\u0631\u0627 \u0641\u0642\u0637 \u0631\u0626\u0648\u0633 (n) \u0648 \u06cc\u0627\u0644\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc (e) \u0645\u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u062f\u0631 \u06af\u0631\u0627\u0641 \u062f\u0631 \u0644\u06cc\u0633\u062a \u0630\u062e\u06cc\u0631\u0647 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u0634\u0648\u0646\u062f.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u067e\u06cc\u0686\u06cc\u062f\u06af\u06cc \u0632\u0645\u0627\u0646\u06cc: \u0645\u062d\u0627\u0633\u0628\u0647 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u06cc\u0627\u062a\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641 \u0628\u0631 \u0631\u0648\u06cc \u0644\u06cc\u0633\u062a \u0645\u062c\u0627\u0648\u0631\u062a \u0645\u0639\u0645\u0648\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0628\u0647 \u0632\u0645\u0627\u0646 O(n + e) \u0646\u06cc\u0627\u0632 \u062f\u0627\u0631\u062f\u060c \u0632\u06cc\u0631\u0627 \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u0647\u0631 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u06cc\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0645\u06a9\u0646 \u0627\u0633\u062a \u0646\u06cc\u0627\u0632 \u0628\u0627\u0634\u062f \u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645\u06cc \u0631\u0626\u0648\u0633 \u0648 \u06cc\u0627\u0644\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u06af\u0631\u0627\u0641 \u0628\u0631\u0631\u0633\u06cc \u0634\u0648\u0646\u062f.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u06a9\u0627\u0631\u0628\u0631\u062f\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0644\u06cc\u0633\u062a \u0645\u062c\u0627\u0648\u0631\u062a<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0644\u06cc\u0633\u062a \u0645\u062c\u0627\u0648\u0631\u062a \u062f\u0631 \u062f\u0646\u06cc\u0627\u06cc \u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639\u06cc \u0646\u06cc\u0632 \u06a9\u0627\u0631\u0628\u0631\u062f\u0647\u0627\u06cc\u06cc \u062f\u0627\u0631\u062f \u06a9\u0647 \u062f\u0631\u0627\u062f\u0627\u0645\u0647 \u0622\u0646\u200c\u0647\u0627 \u0631\u0627 \u0628\u0631\u0631\u0633\u06cc \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u0645:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u0645\u0648\u062a\u0648\u0631\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u062c\u0633\u062a\u062c\u0648<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0645\u0648\u062a\u0648\u0631\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u062c\u0633\u062a\u062c\u0648 \u0627\u0632 \u06af\u0631\u0627\u0641\u200c\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u0646\u0645\u0627\u06cc\u0634 \u0627\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0637 \u0628\u06cc\u0646 \u0635\u0641\u062d\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0628 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u06a9\u0646\u0646\u062f \u0648 \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u0646\u0645\u0627\u06cc\u0634 \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u06af\u0631\u0627\u0641\u200c\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0627\u0632 \u0644\u06cc\u0633\u062a \u0645\u062c\u0627\u0648\u0631\u062a \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u0634\u0648\u062f. \u062f\u0631 \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u0644\u06cc\u0633\u062a \u0647\u0631 \u0635\u0641\u062d\u0647 \u0628\u0647 \u0639\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0646 \u06cc\u06a9 \u0631\u0627\u0633 \u0648 \u0644\u06cc\u0646\u06a9\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0628\u06cc\u0646 \u0635\u0641\u062d\u0627\u062a \u0628\u0647 \u0639\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0646 \u06cc\u0627\u0644\u200c\u0647\u0627 \u062f\u0631 \u0646\u0638\u0631 \u06af\u0631\u0641\u062a\u0647 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u0634\u0648\u0646\u062f. \u0644\u06cc\u0633\u062a \u0645\u062c\u0627\u0648\u0631\u062a \u0628\u0647 \u0628\u0647\u06cc\u0646\u0647\u200c\u0633\u0627\u0632\u06cc \u0641\u0631\u0622\u06cc\u0646\u062f \u067e\u06cc\u0645\u0627\u06cc\u0634 \u0648 \u0631\u062a\u0628\u0647\u200c\u0628\u0646\u062f\u06cc \u0635\u0641\u062d\u0627\u062a \u06a9\u0645\u06a9 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u06a9\u0646\u062f.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u0633\u06cc\u0633\u062a\u0645\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u062a\u0648\u0635\u06cc\u0647\u200c\u06af\u0631<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/cafetadris.com\/blog\/%d8%b3%db%8c%d8%b3%d8%aa%d9%85%d9%87%d8%a7%db%8c-%d8%aa%d9%88%d8%b5%db%8c%d9%87%da%af%d8%b1-%d9%88-%da%86%da%af%d9%88%d9%86%da%af%db%8c-%d8%aa%d8%a7%d8%ab%db%8c%d8%b1%da%af\/\" data-type=\"URL\" data-id=\"https:\/\/cafetadris.com\/blog\/%d8%b3%db%8c%d8%b3%d8%aa%d9%85%d9%87%d8%a7%db%8c-%d8%aa%d9%88%d8%b5%db%8c%d9%87%da%af%d8%b1-%d9%88-%da%86%da%af%d9%88%d9%86%da%af%db%8c-%d8%aa%d8%a7%d8%ab%db%8c%d8%b1%da%af\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\"><mark style=\"background-color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0)\" class=\"has-inline-color has-vivid-cyan-blue-color\">\u0633\u06cc\u0633\u062a\u0645\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u062a\u0648\u0635\u06cc\u0647\u200c\u06af\u0631<\/mark><\/a> (\u0645\u062b\u0644 \u062a\u0648\u0635\u06cc\u0647 \u0641\u06cc\u0644\u0645\u200c\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0645\u062d\u0635\u0648\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0648 \u063a\u06cc\u0631\u0647) \u0627\u0632 \u06af\u0631\u0627\u0641\u200c\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u0645\u062f\u0644\u200c\u0633\u0627\u0632\u06cc \u0627\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0637\u0627\u062a \u0628\u06cc\u0646 \u06a9\u0627\u0631\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u0648 \u0622\u06cc\u062a\u0645\u200c\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u06a9\u0646\u0646\u062f. \u0644\u06cc\u0633\u062a \u0645\u062c\u0627\u0648\u0631\u062a \u0628\u0647 \u062f\u0644\u06cc\u0644 \u06a9\u0627\u0631\u0627\u06cc\u06cc \u062f\u0631 \u067e\u06cc\u0645\u0627\u06cc\u0634 \u0648 \u06cc\u0627\u0641\u062a\u0646 \u0647\u0645\u0633\u0627\u06cc\u06af\u0627\u0646 \u0646\u0632\u062f\u06cc\u06a9 \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u062a\u0648\u0635\u06cc\u0647\u200c\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0648\u0631\u062f \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u06af\u06cc\u0631\u062f.<\/p>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter size-full is-resized\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/cafetadris.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/image-177.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-18629\" width=\"557\" height=\"409\" srcset=\"https:\/\/cafetadris.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/image-177.png 850w, https:\/\/cafetadris.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/image-177-300x221.png 300w, https:\/\/cafetadris.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/image-177-768x565.png 768w, https:\/\/cafetadris.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/image-177-585x430.png 585w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 557px) 100vw, 557px\" \/><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u062a\u062d\u0644\u06cc\u0644 \u0634\u0628\u06a9\u0647\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0628\u06cc\u0648\u0644\u0648\u0698\u06cc\u06a9\u06cc<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p>\u062f\u0631 \u0628\u06cc\u0648\u0644\u0648\u0698\u06cc \u0648 \u067e\u0632\u0634\u06a9\u06cc\u060c \u0634\u0628\u06a9\u0647\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u06cc \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0634\u0628\u06a9\u0647\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u067e\u0631\u0648\u062a\u0626\u06cc\u0646-\u067e\u0631\u0648\u062a\u0626\u06cc\u0646\u060c \u0634\u0628\u06a9\u0647\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0698\u0646\u06cc \u0648 \u0634\u0628\u06a9\u0647\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0639\u0635\u0628\u06cc \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u062f\u0627\u0631\u0646\u062f \u06a9\u0647 \u0628\u0647\u200c\u0635\u0648\u0631\u062a \u06af\u0631\u0627\u0641 \u0646\u0645\u0627\u06cc\u0634 \u062f\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u0634\u0648\u0646\u062f. \u0644\u06cc\u0633\u062a \u0645\u062c\u0627\u0648\u0631\u062a \u0628\u0647 \u062a\u062d\u0644\u06cc\u0644 \u0627\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0637\u0627\u062a \u0648 \u062a\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0628\u06cc\u0646 \u0627\u062c\u0632\u0627\u06cc \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641 \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u0634\u0628\u06a9\u0647\u200c\u0647\u0627 \u06a9\u0645\u06a9 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u06a9\u0646\u062f.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u0645\u062f\u0644\u200c\u0633\u0627\u0632\u06cc \u0628\u0627\u0632\u06cc\u200c\u0647\u0627<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p>\u062f\u0631 \u0637\u0631\u0627\u062d\u06cc \u0648 \u067e\u06cc\u0627\u062f\u0647\u200c\u0633\u0627\u0632\u06cc \u0628\u0627\u0632\u06cc\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u06a9\u0627\u0645\u067e\u06cc\u0648\u062a\u0631\u06cc\u060c \u06af\u0631\u0627\u0641\u200c\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u0645\u062f\u0644\u200c\u0633\u0627\u0632\u06cc \u0645\u062d\u06cc\u0637 \u0628\u0627\u0632\u06cc\u060c \u0645\u0633\u06cc\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0648 \u0627\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0637\u0627\u062a \u0628\u06cc\u0646 \u0646\u0642\u0627\u0637 \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u0634\u0648\u0646\u062f. \u0646\u0645\u0627\u06cc\u0634 \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u06af\u0631\u0627\u0641\u200c\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0647\u200c\u0635\u0648\u0631\u062a \u0644\u06cc\u0633\u062a \u0645\u062c\u0627\u0648\u0631\u062a \u0628\u0647 \u0645\u062f\u06cc\u0631\u06cc\u062a \u0648 \u067e\u06cc\u0645\u0627\u06cc\u0634 \u0622\u0646\u200c\u0647\u0627 \u06a9\u0645\u06a9 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u06a9\u0646\u062f.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u0645\u0642\u0627\u06cc\u0633\u0647 \u0645\u0627\u062a\u0631\u06cc\u0633 \u0645\u062c\u0627\u0648\u0631\u062a \u0648 \u0644\u06cc\u0633\u062a \u0645\u062c\u0627\u0648\u0631\u062a<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0645\u0627\u062a\u0631\u06cc\u0633 \u0645\u062c\u0627\u0648\u0631\u062a \u0648 \u0644\u06cc\u0633\u062a \u0645\u062c\u0627\u0648\u0631\u062a \u062f\u0648 \u0631\u0648\u0634 \u0645\u062a\u062f\u0627\u0648\u0644 \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u0646\u0645\u0627\u06cc\u0634 \u06af\u0631\u0627\u0641\u200c\u0647\u0627 \u0647\u0633\u062a\u0646\u062f. \u0647\u0631 \u06cc\u06a9 \u0627\u0632 \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u0631\u0648\u0634\u200c\u0647\u0627 \u062f\u0627\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u0645\u0632\u0627\u06cc\u0627 \u0648 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u06cc\u0628 \u062e\u0627\u0635 \u062e\u0648\u062f \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u0628\u0627\u0634\u0646\u062f \u06a9\u0647 \u062f\u0631\u0627\u062f\u0627\u0645\u0647 \u0628\u0647 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u06cc\u0633\u0647 \u0622\u0646\u200c\u0647\u0627 \u067e\u0631\u062f\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0647\u200c\u0627\u06cc\u0645:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u0645\u0627\u062a\u0631\u06cc\u0633 \u0645\u062c\u0627\u0648\u0631\u062a<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0647\u0645\u0627\u0646\u200c\u0637\u0648\u0631 \u06a9\u0647 \u062f\u0631 \u0627\u0628\u062a\u062f\u0627\u06cc \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0644\u0647 \u062a\u0648\u0636\u06cc\u062d \u062f\u0627\u062f\u06cc\u0645\u060c \u0645\u0627\u062a\u0631\u06cc\u0633 \u0645\u062c\u0627\u0648\u0631\u062a \u06cc\u06a9 \u0645\u0627\u062a\u0631\u06cc\u0633 \u0645\u0631\u0628\u0639\u06cc \u0627\u0633\u062a \u06a9\u0647 \u062f\u0631 \u0622\u0646 \u0633\u0637\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0648 \u0633\u062a\u0648\u0646\u200c\u0647\u0627 \u0646\u0645\u0627\u06cc\u0627\u0646\u06af\u0631 \u0631\u0626\u0648\u0633 \u06af\u0631\u0627\u0641 \u0647\u0633\u062a\u0646\u062f. \u062f\u0631 \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u0645\u0627\u062a\u0631\u06cc\u0633\u060c \u0627\u06af\u0631 \u0628\u06cc\u0646 \u062f\u0648 \u0631\u0627\u0633 \u06cc\u06a9 \u06cc\u0627\u0644 \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u062f\u0627\u0634\u062a\u0647 \u0628\u0627\u0634\u062f\u060c \u0645\u0642\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u0631\u0628\u0648\u0637 \u0628\u0647 \u0622\u0646 \u062e\u0627\u0646\u0647 \u0628\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0631 \u06f1 (\u06cc\u0627 \u0648\u0632\u0646 \u06cc\u0627\u0644) \u0648 \u062f\u0631 \u063a\u06cc\u0631 \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u0635\u0648\u0631\u062a \u0628\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0631 \u06f0 \u0627\u0633\u062a.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u0645\u0632\u0627\u06cc\u0627<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u0632\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u062f\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0633\u06cc \u0633\u0631\u06cc\u0639: \u0628\u0627 \u0645\u0627\u062a\u0631\u06cc\u0633 \u0645\u062c\u0627\u0648\u0631\u062a \u062a\u0634\u062e\u06cc\u0635 \u0628\u0647 \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u06cc\u0627 \u0639\u062f\u0645 \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u06cc\u06a9 \u06cc\u0627\u0644 \u0628\u06cc\u0646 \u062f\u0648 \u0631\u0627\u0633 \u062f\u0631 \u0632\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u062b\u0627\u0628\u062a (O(1)) \u0627\u0645\u06a9\u0627\u0646\u200c\u067e\u0630\u06cc\u0631 \u0627\u0633\u062a.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0633\u0627\u062f\u06af\u06cc \u067e\u06cc\u0627\u062f\u0647\u200c\u0633\u0627\u0632\u06cc: \u067e\u06cc\u0627\u062f\u0647\u200c\u0633\u0627\u0632\u06cc \u0645\u0627\u062a\u0631\u06cc\u0633 \u0645\u062c\u0627\u0648\u0631\u062a \u0646\u0633\u0628\u062a\u0627\u064b \u0633\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0648 \u0633\u0631\u0631\u0627\u0633\u062a \u0627\u0633\u062a.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u0645\u0639\u0627\u06cc\u0628<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u0645\u0635\u0631\u0641 \u062d\u0627\u0641\u0638\u0647 \u0632\u06cc\u0627\u062f: \u0645\u0635\u0631\u0641 \u062d\u0627\u0641\u0638\u0647 \u0628\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0631 \u0628\u0627 O(n<sup>2<\/sup>) \u0627\u0633\u062a\u060c \u06a9\u0647 n \u062a\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062f \u0631\u0626\u0648\u0633 \u06af\u0631\u0627\u0641 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u0628\u0627\u0634\u062f. \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u0645\u0648\u0636\u0648\u0639 \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u06af\u0631\u0627\u0641\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0628\u0632\u0631\u06af \u0645\u0634\u06a9\u0644\u200c\u0633\u0627\u0632 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u060c \u0628\u0647\u200c\u0648\u06cc\u0698\u0647 \u0627\u06af\u0631 \u06af\u0631\u0627\u0641 \u062f\u0627\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u06cc\u0627\u0644\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u06a9\u0645\u06cc \u0628\u0627\u0634\u062f.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0633\u062e\u062a\u06cc \u062f\u0631 \u067e\u06cc\u0645\u0627\u06cc\u0634 \u06cc\u0627\u0644\u200c\u0647\u0627: \u067e\u06cc\u0645\u0627\u06cc\u0634 \u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645\u06cc \u06cc\u0627\u0644\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u06cc\u06a9 \u0631\u0627\u0633 \u062e\u0627\u0635 \u0646\u06cc\u0627\u0632\u0645\u0646\u062f \u067e\u06cc\u0645\u0627\u06cc\u0634 \u06cc\u06a9 \u0633\u0637\u0631 \u06a9\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0645\u0627\u062a\u0631\u06cc\u0633 \u0627\u0633\u062a \u06a9\u0647 \u0632\u0645\u0627\u0646 O(n) \u0631\u0627 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u0637\u0644\u0628\u062f.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u0644\u06cc\u0633\u062a \u0645\u062c\u0627\u0648\u0631\u062a<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0644\u06cc\u0633\u062a \u0645\u062c\u0627\u0648\u0631\u062a \u0627\u0632 \u06cc\u06a9 \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0647 \u0644\u06cc\u0633\u062a\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u067e\u06cc\u0648\u0646\u062f\u06cc \u06cc\u0627 \u0622\u0631\u0627\u06cc\u0647\u200c\u0627\u06cc \u062a\u0634\u06a9\u06cc\u0644 \u0634\u062f\u0647 \u06a9\u0647 \u0647\u0631 \u0644\u06cc\u0633\u062a \u06cc\u0627 \u0622\u0631\u0627\u06cc\u0647 \u0646\u0645\u0627\u06cc\u0627\u0646\u06af\u0631 \u0631\u0626\u0648\u0633 \u0645\u062c\u0627\u0648\u0631 \u06cc\u06a9 \u0631\u0627\u0633 \u062e\u0627\u0635 \u0627\u0633\u062a. \u0647\u0631 \u06af\u0631\u0647 \u062f\u0631 \u0644\u06cc\u0633\u062a \u0645\u062c\u0627\u0648\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0634\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u06cc\u06a9 \u0631\u0627\u0633 \u0645\u062c\u0627\u0648\u0631 \u0648 \u0648\u0632\u0646 \u06cc\u0627\u0644 (\u062f\u0631 \u0635\u0648\u0631\u062a \u0648\u0632\u0646\u200c\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0628\u0648\u062f\u0646 \u06af\u0631\u0627\u0641) \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u0628\u0627\u0634\u062f.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u0645\u0632\u0627\u06cc\u0627<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u0645\u0635\u0631\u0641 \u062d\u0627\u0641\u0638\u0647 \u0628\u0647\u06cc\u0646\u0647: \u0645\u0635\u0631\u0641 \u062d\u0627\u0641\u0638\u0647 \u0628\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0631 \u0628\u0627 O(n + e) \u0627\u0633\u062a\u060c \u06a9\u0647 n \u062a\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062f \u0631\u0626\u0648\u0633 \u0648 e \u062a\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062f \u06cc\u0627\u0644\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u06af\u0631\u0627\u0641 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u0628\u0627\u0634\u062f. \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u0645\u0648\u0636\u0648\u0639 \u0628\u0627\u0639\u062b \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u0634\u0648\u062f \u0644\u06cc\u0633\u062a \u0645\u062c\u0627\u0648\u0631\u062a \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u06af\u0631\u0627\u0641\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0628\u0632\u0631\u06af \u0648 \u067e\u0631\u0627\u06a9\u0646\u062f\u0647 \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628\u200c\u062a\u0631 \u0628\u0627\u0634\u062f.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u067e\u06cc\u0645\u0627\u06cc\u0634 \u0622\u0633\u0627\u0646 \u06cc\u0627\u0644\u200c\u0647\u0627: \u067e\u06cc\u0645\u0627\u06cc\u0634 \u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645\u06cc \u06cc\u0627\u0644\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u06cc\u06a9 \u0631\u0627\u0633 \u062e\u0627\u0635 \u0628\u0627 \u067e\u06cc\u0645\u0627\u06cc\u0634 \u0644\u06cc\u0633\u062a \u0645\u062c\u0627\u0648\u0631\u062a \u0622\u0646 \u0631\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0645\u06a9\u0627\u0646\u200c\u067e\u0630\u06cc\u0631 \u0627\u0633\u062a \u06a9\u0647 \u0632\u0645\u0627\u0646 O(e) \u0631\u0627 \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u0647\u0631 \u0631\u0627\u0633 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u0637\u0644\u0628\u062f.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u0645\u0639\u0627\u06cc\u0628<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u062f\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0633\u06cc \u06a9\u0646\u062f\u062a\u0631: \u062f\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0633\u06cc \u0628\u0647 \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u06cc\u0627 \u0639\u062f\u0645 \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u06cc\u06a9 \u06cc\u0627\u0644 \u0628\u06cc\u0646 \u062f\u0648 \u0631\u0627\u0633 \u0645\u0645\u06a9\u0646 \u0627\u0633\u062a \u062f\u0631 \u0628\u062f\u062a\u0631\u06cc\u0646 \u062d\u0627\u0644\u062a \u0628\u0647 \u0632\u0645\u0627\u0646 O(n) &nbsp;\u0646\u06cc\u0627\u0632 \u062f\u0627\u0634\u062a\u0647 \u0628\u0627\u0634\u062f.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u067e\u06cc\u0627\u062f\u0647\u200c\u0633\u0627\u0632\u06cc \u067e\u06cc\u0686\u06cc\u062f\u0647\u200c\u062a\u0631: \u067e\u06cc\u0627\u062f\u0647\u200c\u0633\u0627\u0632\u06cc \u0644\u06cc\u0633\u062a \u0645\u062c\u0627\u0648\u0631\u062a \u0646\u0633\u0628\u062a \u0628\u0647 \u0645\u0627\u062a\u0631\u06cc\u0633 \u0645\u062c\u0627\u0648\u0631\u062a \u067e\u06cc\u0686\u06cc\u062f\u0647\u200c\u062a\u0631 \u0627\u0633\u062a \u0648 \u0646\u06cc\u0627\u0632 \u0628\u0647 \u0645\u062f\u06cc\u0631\u06cc\u062a \u062d\u0627\u0641\u0638\u0647 \u067e\u0648\u06cc\u0627 \u062f\u0627\u0631\u062f.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter size-full is-resized\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/cafetadris.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/image-86.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-18168\" width=\"734\" height=\"412\" srcset=\"https:\/\/cafetadris.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/image-86.png 975w, https:\/\/cafetadris.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/image-86-300x169.png 300w, https:\/\/cafetadris.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/image-86-768x432.png 768w, https:\/\/cafetadris.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/image-86-585x329.png 585w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 734px) 100vw, 734px\" \/><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n<p>\u062f\u0631 \u062c\u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0632\u06cc\u0631 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0646\u06cc\u062f \u0646\u06a9\u0627\u062a\u06cc \u06a9\u0647 \u062f\u0631 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0627 \u0628\u0631\u0631\u0633\u06cc \u0634\u062f \u0631\u0627 \u0628\u0628\u06cc\u0646\u06cc\u062f:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table aligncenter\"><table class=\"has-background\" style=\"background:linear-gradient(135deg,rgb(255,236,180) 0%,rgb(182,227,212) 50%,rgb(51,167,181) 100%)\"><tbody><tr><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\"><strong>\u0648\u06cc\u0698\u06af\u06cc<\/strong><\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\"><strong>\u0645\u0627\u062a\u0631\u06cc\u0633 \u0645\u062c\u0627\u0648\u0631\u062a<\/strong><\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\"><strong>\u0644\u06cc\u0633\u062a \u0645\u062c\u0627\u0648\u0631\u062a<\/strong><\/td><\/tr><tr><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\"><strong>\u0645\u0635\u0631\u0641 \u062d\u0627\u0641\u0638\u0647<\/strong><\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">O(n<sup>2<\/sup>)<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">O(n + e)<\/td><\/tr><tr><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\"><strong>\u062f\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0633\u06cc \u0628\u0647 \u06cc\u0627\u0644\u200c\u0647\u0627<\/strong><\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">O(1)<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">O(e)<\/td><\/tr><tr><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\"><strong>\u0627\u0641\u0632\u0648\u062f\u0646 \u06cc\u0627\u0644<\/strong><\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">O(1)<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">O(1)<\/td><\/tr><tr><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\"><strong>\u062d\u0630\u0641 \u06cc\u0627\u0644<\/strong><\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">O(1)<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">O(e)<\/td><\/tr><tr><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\"><strong>\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628 \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u06af\u0631\u0627\u0641\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc<\/strong><\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\u06af\u0631\u0627\u0641\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0645\u062a\u0631\u0627\u06a9\u0645 (Dense)<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\u06af\u0631\u0627\u0641\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u067e\u0631\u0627\u06a9\u0646\u062f\u0647 (Sparse)<\/td><\/tr><tr><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\"><strong>\u067e\u06cc\u0627\u062f\u0647\u200c\u0633\u0627\u0632\u06cc<\/strong><\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\u0633\u0627\u062f\u0647\u200c\u062a\u0631<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\u067e\u06cc\u0686\u06cc\u062f\u0647\u200c\u062a\u0631<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u0646\u0645\u0627\u06cc\u0634 \u0647\u0646\u062f\u0633\u06cc<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>\u06cc\u06a9\u06cc \u062f\u06cc\u06af\u0631 \u0627\u0632 \u0631\u0648\u0634\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0646\u0645\u0627\u06cc\u0634 \u06af\u0631\u0627\u0641\u060c \u0646\u0645\u0627\u06cc\u0634 \u0647\u0646\u062f\u0633\u06cc \u06cc\u0627 \u062a\u0631\u0633\u06cc\u0645 \u06af\u0631\u0627\u0641 \u0628\u0647 \u0635\u0648\u0631\u062a \u062a\u0635\u0648\u06cc\u0631\u06cc \u0627\u0633\u062a \u06a9\u0647 \u062f\u0631 \u0622\u0646 \u0631\u0626\u0648\u0633 \u0628\u0647 \u0635\u0648\u0631\u062a \u0646\u0642\u0627\u0637 \u0648 \u06cc\u0627\u0644\u200c\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0647 \u0635\u0648\u0631\u062a \u062e\u0637\u0648\u0637 \u0646\u0634\u0627\u0646 \u062f\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u0634\u0648\u0646\u062f. \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u0631\u0648\u0634 \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u0641\u0647\u0645 \u0628\u0635\u0631\u06cc \u06af\u0631\u0627\u0641\u200c\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0633\u06cc\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u0641\u06cc\u062f \u0627\u0633\u062a. \u0646\u0645\u0627\u06cc\u0634 \u0647\u0646\u062f\u0633\u06cc \u0628\u0647 \u0645\u0627 \u0627\u0645\u06a9\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u062f\u0647\u062f \u062a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u06af\u0648\u0647\u0627 \u0648 \u0627\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0637\u0627\u062a \u0631\u0627 \u0628\u0647 \u0635\u0648\u0631\u062a \u0628\u0635\u0631\u06cc \u0645\u0634\u0627\u0647\u062f\u0647 \u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u0645 \u0648 \u0628\u0647 \u062a\u062d\u0644\u06cc\u0644\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u067e\u06cc\u0686\u06cc\u062f\u0647\u200c\u062a\u0631\u06cc \u0628\u067e\u0631\u062f\u0627\u0632\u06cc\u0645. \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u0646\u0648\u0639 \u0646\u0645\u0627\u06cc\u0634 \u062f\u0631 \u0632\u0645\u06cc\u0646\u0647\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u06cc \u0627\u0632 \u062c\u0645\u0644\u0647 \u0637\u0631\u0627\u062d\u06cc \u0634\u0628\u06a9\u0647\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0627\u0644\u06a9\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0646\u06cc\u06a9\u06cc \u0648 \u0645\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0631\u06cc \u0633\u06cc\u0633\u062a\u0645\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0646\u0631\u0645\u200c\u0627\u0641\u0632\u0627\u0631\u06cc \u06a9\u0627\u0631\u0628\u0631\u062f \u062f\u0627\u0631\u062f.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u06cc\u06a9\u06cc \u0627\u0632 \u0631\u0648\u0634\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0646\u0645\u0627\u06cc\u0634 \u0647\u0646\u062f\u0633\u06cc \u06af\u0631\u0627\u0641\u200c\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0627\u0632 \u06a9\u062a\u0627\u0628\u062e\u0627\u0646\u0647\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0632\u0628\u0627\u0646\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0628\u0631\u0646\u0627\u0645\u0647\u200c\u0646\u0648\u06cc\u0633\u06cc \u0627\u0633\u062a. \u062f\u0631 \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u0628\u062e\u0634 \u0646\u062d\u0648\u0647 \u06a9\u0627\u0631 \u0628\u0627 \u06cc\u06a9\u06cc \u062a\u0627 \u0627\u0632 \u06a9\u062a\u0627\u0628\u062e\u0627\u0646\u0647\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0645\u0639\u0631\u0648\u0641 \u067e\u0627\u06cc\u062a\u0648\u0646 \u06cc\u0639\u0646\u06cc \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u06a9\u0627\u0631 \u0628\u0627 \u06af\u0631\u0627\u0641\u200c\u0647\u0627 \u0631\u0627 \u0628\u0627 \u06cc\u06a9\u062f\u06cc\u06af\u0631 \u0645\u0631\u0648\u0631 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u0645. \u06a9\u062a\u0627\u0628\u062e\u0627\u0646\u0647 \u0645\u0648\u0631\u062f \u0646\u0638\u0631 \u0645\u0627 NetworkX \u0627\u0633\u062a.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><mark style=\"background-color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0)\" class=\"has-inline-color has-vivid-cyan-blue-color\"><a href=\"https:\/\/networkx.org\/documentation\/stable\/reference\/index.html\" data-type=\"URL\" data-id=\"https:\/\/networkx.org\/documentation\/stable\/reference\/index.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">NetworkX<\/a> <\/mark>\u06cc\u06a9 \u06a9\u062a\u0627\u0628\u062e\u0627\u0646\u0647 \u0642\u062f\u0631\u062a\u0645\u0646\u062f \u067e\u0627\u06cc\u062a\u0648\u0646 \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u0627\u06cc\u062c\u0627\u062f \u0648 \u0645\u0637\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0647 \u0633\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0627\u0631\u0647\u0627\u060c \u062f\u06cc\u0646\u0627\u0645\u06cc\u06a9 \u0648 \u06a9\u0627\u0631\u06a9\u0631\u062f\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0634\u0628\u06a9\u0647\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u067e\u06cc\u0686\u06cc\u062f\u0647 \u0627\u0633\u062a. \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u06a9\u062a\u0627\u0628\u062e\u0627\u0646\u0647 \u0627\u0645\u06a9\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0645\u062a\u0639\u062f\u062f\u06cc \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u0645\u062f\u0644\u200c\u0633\u0627\u0632\u06cc \u0648 \u062a\u062d\u0644\u06cc\u0644 \u06af\u0631\u0627\u0641\u200c\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u0631\u0627\u0647\u0645 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u06a9\u0646\u062f \u0648 \u0628\u0627\u06a9\u0645\u06a9 \u0622\u0646 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0646 \u0628\u0647\u200c\u0631\u0627\u062d\u062a\u06cc \u0627\u0644\u06af\u0648\u0631\u06cc\u062a\u0645\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u067e\u06cc\u0686\u06cc\u062f\u0647 \u0631\u0627 \u067e\u06cc\u0627\u062f\u0647\u200c\u0633\u0627\u0632\u06cc \u06a9\u0631\u062f.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u0646\u0635\u0628 \u06a9\u062a\u0627\u0628\u062e\u0627\u0646\u0647 NetworkX<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u06a9\u0627\u0631 \u0628\u0627 \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u06a9\u062a\u0627\u0628\u062e\u0627\u0646\u0647\u060c \u0627\u0628\u062a\u062f\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u06cc\u062f \u0622\u0646 &nbsp;\u0631\u0627 \u0646\u0635\u0628 \u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u0645. \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u0646\u0635\u0628 \u0622\u0646 \u0627\u0632 \u062f\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0631 \u0632\u06cc\u0631 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u0645:<\/p>\n\n\n<p style=\"direction:ltr;text-align:left!important\">\n<code>!pip install networkx<\/code><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062f \u06a9\u0631\u062f\u0646 \u06a9\u062a\u0627\u0628\u062e\u0627\u0646\u0647\u200c\u0647\u0627<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>\u062d\u0627\u0644 \u0628\u0627\u06cc\u062f NetworkX \u0648 numpy \u0631\u0627 \u06a9\u0647 \u06a9\u062a\u0627\u0628\u062e\u0627\u0646\u0647\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0645\u0648\u0631\u062f \u0646\u06cc\u0627\u0632 \u0645\u0627 \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u06a9\u0627\u0631 \u0628\u0627 \u06af\u0631\u0627\u0641 \u0647\u0633\u062a\u0646\u062f\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0631\u062f \u200c\u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u0645:<\/p>\n\n\n<p style=\"direction:ltr;text-align:left!important\">\n<code>import networkx as nx<\/code><br \/>\n<code>import numpy as np<\/code><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u0627\u06cc\u062c\u0627\u062f \u06cc\u06a9 \u06af\u0631\u0627\u0641 \u0628\u062f\u0648\u0646 \u062c\u0647\u062a \u0648 \u0631\u0633\u0645 \u0622\u0646<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u0627\u06cc\u062c\u0627\u062f \u06cc\u06a9 \u06af\u0631\u0627\u0641 \u0628\u062f\u0648\u0646 \u062c\u0647\u062a \u0627\u0632 \u062f\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0631 nx.Graph \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u0645. \u0633\u067e\u0633 \u0645\u0637\u0627\u0628\u0642 \u06a9\u062f \u0632\u06cc\u0631 \u06cc\u0627\u0644\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u06af\u0631\u0627\u0641 \u0631\u0627 \u0627\u0636\u0627\u0641\u0647 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u0645:<\/p>\n\n\n<p style=\"direction:ltr;text-align:left!important\">\n<code><span style=\"color:green\"># Create an undirected graph<\/span><\/code><br \/>\n<code>G = nx.Graph()<\/code>\n<\/p>\n<p style=\"direction:ltr;text-align:left!important\">\n<code><span style=\"color:green\"># Add edges to the graph<\/span><\/code><br \/>\n<code>G.add_edge('A', 'B')<\/code><br \/>\n<code>G.add_edge('B', 'C')<\/code><br \/>\n<code>G.add_edge('B', 'D')<\/code><br \/>\n<code>G.add_edge('C', 'A')<\/code><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u0631\u0633\u0645 \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u06af\u0631\u0627\u0641 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0646\u06cc\u0645 \u0627\u0632 nx.draw \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u0645:<\/p>\n\n\n<p style=\"direction:ltr;text-align:left!important\">\n<code><span style=\"color:green\"># Draw the graph<\/span><\/code><br \/>\n<code>nx.draw(G, with_labels=True, node_color='skyblue', node_size=700, edge_color='black')<\/code><\/p>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter size-full is-resized\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/cafetadris.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/image-89.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-18207\" width=\"602\" height=\"455\" srcset=\"https:\/\/cafetadris.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/image-89.png 660w, https:\/\/cafetadris.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/image-89-300x227.png 300w, https:\/\/cafetadris.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/image-89-585x442.png 585w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 602px) 100vw, 602px\" \/><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n<p>\u0647\u0645\u0686\u0646\u06cc\u0646 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0646 \u0628\u0627 \u0645\u0642\u062f\u0627\u0631\u062f\u0647\u06cc \u0628\u0647 \u0645\u062a\u063a\u06cc\u0631 weight \u062f\u0631 \u0647\u0646\u06af\u0627\u0645 \u0633\u0627\u062e\u062a \u06af\u0631\u0627\u0641\u060c \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u0647\u0631 \u06cc\u0627\u0644 \u0648\u0632\u0646\u06cc \u0645\u0634\u062e\u0635 \u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u0645:<\/p>\n\n\n<p style=\"direction:ltr;text-align:left!important\">\n<code><span style=\"color:green\"># Create an undirected graph<\/span><\/code><br \/>\n<code>G = nx.Graph()<\/code>\n<\/p>\n<p style=\"direction:ltr;text-align:left!important\">\n<code><span style=\"color:green\"># Add edges to the graph<\/span><\/code><br \/>\n<code>G.add_edge('A', 'B', weight=2)<\/code><br \/>\n<code>G.add_edge('B', 'C', weight=3.5)<\/code><br \/>\n<code>G.add_edge('B', 'D', weight=4)<\/code><br \/>\n<code>G.add_edge('C', 'A', weight=1.5)<\/code><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u0631\u0633\u0645 \u06af\u0631\u0627\u0641\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0648\u0632\u0646\u200c\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0646\u06cc\u0632 \u0628\u0627\u06cc\u062f \u0627\u0632 \u06a9\u062f \u0632\u06cc\u0631 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u06a9\u0631\u062f:<\/p>\n\n\n<p style=\"direction:ltr;text-align:left!important\">\n<code><span style=\"color:green\"># Draw Graph<\/span><\/code><br \/>\n<code>pos = nx.spring_layout(G)<\/code><br \/>\n<code>nx.draw(G, pos, with_labels=True, node_color='skyblue', node_size=700, edge_color='black')<\/code><br \/>\n<code>edge_labels = nx.get_edge_attributes(G, 'weight')<\/code><br \/>\n<code>nx.draw_networkx_edge_labels(G, pos, edge_labels=edge_labels)<\/code><\/p>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter size-full is-resized\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/cafetadris.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/image-90.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-18208\" width=\"570\" height=\"431\" srcset=\"https:\/\/cafetadris.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/image-90.png 660w, https:\/\/cafetadris.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/image-90-300x227.png 300w, https:\/\/cafetadris.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/image-90-585x442.png 585w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 570px) 100vw, 570px\" \/><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u0627\u06cc\u062c\u0627\u062f \u06af\u0631\u0627\u0641 \u062c\u0647\u062a\u200c\u062f\u0627\u0631<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u0627\u06cc\u062c\u0627\u062f \u06cc\u06a9 \u06af\u0631\u0627\u0641 \u062c\u0647\u062a\u200c\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0632 nx.DiGraph \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u0645 \u0648 \u0645\u0637\u0627\u0628\u0642 \u0622\u0646\u0686\u0647 \u062f\u0631 \u0628\u062e\u0634\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0622\u0645\u0648\u062e\u062a\u06cc\u0645\u060c \u06af\u0631\u0627\u0641 \u0631\u0627 \u0631\u0633\u0645 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u0645. \u062a\u0648\u062c\u0647 \u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u062f \u06a9\u0647 \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u0645\u0634\u0627\u0647\u062f\u0647 \u062c\u0647\u062a \u06cc\u0627\u0644\u200c\u0647\u0627 \u0644\u0627\u0632\u0645 \u0627\u0633\u062a \u062f\u0631 \u0647\u0646\u06af\u0627\u0645 \u062a\u0631\u0633\u06cc\u0645 \u0622\u0646\u060c \u0645\u062a\u063a\u06cc\u0631 arrows \u0631\u0627 True \u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u0645:<\/p>\n\n\n<p style=\"direction:ltr;text-align:left!important\">\n<code><span style=\"color:green\"># Create a directed graph<\/span><\/code><br \/>\n<code>G = nx.DiGraph()<\/code>\n<\/p>\n<p style=\"direction:ltr;text-align:left!important\">\n<code><span style=\"color:green\"># Add edges to the graph<\/span><\/code><br \/>\n<code>G.add_edge('A', 'B')<\/code><br \/>\n<code>G.add_edge('B', 'C')<\/code><br \/>\n<code>G.add_edge('B', 'D')<\/code><br \/>\n<code>G.add_edge('C', 'A')<\/code>\n<\/p>\n<p style=\"direction:ltr;text-align:left!important\">\n<code><span style=\"color:green\"># Draw the graph<\/span><\/code><br \/>\n<code>nx.draw(G, with_labels=True, arrows=True, node_color='skyblue', node_size=700, edge_color='black')<\/code><\/p>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter size-full is-resized\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/cafetadris.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/image-91.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-18209\" width=\"566\" height=\"428\" srcset=\"https:\/\/cafetadris.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/image-91.png 660w, https:\/\/cafetadris.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/image-91-300x227.png 300w, https:\/\/cafetadris.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/image-91-585x442.png 585w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 566px) 100vw, 566px\" \/><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u0627\u06cc\u062c\u0627\u062f \u0645\u0627\u062a\u0631\u06cc\u0633 \u0645\u062c\u0627\u0648\u0631\u062a<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u06a9\u062a\u0627\u0628\u062e\u0627\u0646\u0647 \u0647\u0645\u0686\u0646\u06cc\u0646 \u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644\u06cc\u062a \u062a\u0634\u06a9\u06cc\u0644 \u0645\u0627\u062a\u0631\u06cc\u0633 \u0645\u062c\u0627\u0648\u0631\u062a \u06af\u0631\u0627\u0641\u200c\u0647\u0627 \u0631\u0627 \u0646\u06cc\u0632 \u062f\u0627\u0631\u062f:<\/p>\n\n\n<p style=\"direction:ltr;text-align:left!important\">\n<code><span style=\"color:green\"># Create a graph<\/span><\/code><br \/>\n<code>G = nx.Graph()<\/code>\n<\/p>\n<p style=\"direction:ltr;text-align:left!important\">\n<code><span style=\"color:green\"># Add edges to the graph<\/span><\/code><br \/>\n<code>G.add_edge(1, 2)<\/code><br \/>\n<code>G.add_edge(2, 3)<\/code><br \/>\n<code>G.add_edge(3, 1)<\/code>\n<\/p>\n<p style=\"direction:ltr;text-align:left!important\">\n<code><span style=\"color:green\"># Generate the adjacency matrix<\/span><\/code><br \/>\n<code>A = nx.adjacency_matrix(G).todense()<\/code>\n<\/p>\n<p style=\"direction:ltr;text-align:left!important\">\n<code>print(\"Adjacency Matrix\")<\/code><br \/>\n<code>print(A)<\/code>\n<\/p>\n<p style=\"direction:ltr;text-align:left!important\">\n<strong>Adjacency Matrix<\/strong><br \/>\n[[0 1 1]<br \/>\n [1 0 1]<br \/>\n [1 1 0]]<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u06af\u0631\u0627\u0641 \u0648\u0632\u0646\u200c\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0646\u06cc\u0632 \u0628\u0647\u200c\u0635\u0648\u0631\u062a \u0632\u06cc\u0631 \u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u0645:<\/p>\n\n\n<p style=\"direction:ltr;text-align:left!important\">\n<code><span style=\"color:green\"># Create a graph<\/span><\/code><br \/>\n<code>G = nx.Graph()<\/code>\n<\/p>\n<p style=\"direction:ltr;text-align:left!important\">\n<code><span style=\"color:green\"># Add edges to the graph with weights<\/span><\/code><br \/>\n<code>G.add_edge(1, 2, weight=3)<\/code><br \/>\n<code>G.add_edge(2, 3, weight=5)<\/code><br \/>\n<code>G.add_edge(3, 1, weight=7)<\/code>\n<\/p>\n<p style=\"direction:ltr;text-align:left!important\">\n<code><span style=\"color:green\"># Generate the adjacency matrix<\/span><\/code><br \/>\n<code>A = nx.adjacency_matrix(G).todense()<\/code>\n<\/p>\n<p style=\"direction:ltr;text-align:left!important\">\n<code>print(\"Adjacency Matrix\")<\/code><br \/>\n<code>print(A)<\/code>\n<\/p>\n<p style=\"direction:ltr;text-align:left!important\">\n<strong>Adjacency Matrix<\/strong><br \/>\n[[0 3 7]<br \/>\n [3 0 5]<br \/>\n [7 5 0]]<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u0627\u06cc\u062c\u0627\u062f \u0645\u0627\u062a\u0631\u06cc\u0633 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0647<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0628\u0627 \u062f\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0631 \u0632\u06cc\u0631 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0646\u06cc\u062f \u0628\u0647\u200c\u0631\u0627\u062d\u062a\u06cc \u0645\u0627\u062a\u0631\u06cc\u0633 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0647 \u06cc\u06a9 \u06af\u0631\u0627\u0641 \u0631\u0627 \u0628\u0633\u0627\u0632\u06cc\u062f:<\/p>\n\n\n<p style=\"direction:ltr;text-align:left!important\">\n<code><span style=\"color:green\"># Create a graph<\/span><\/code><br \/>\n<code>G = nx.Graph()<\/code>\n<\/p>\n<p style=\"direction:ltr;text-align:left!important\">\n<code><span style=\"color:green\"># Add edges to the graph with weights<\/span><\/code><br \/>\n<code>G.add_edge(1, 2, weight=3)<\/code><br \/>\n<code>G.add_edge(2, 3, weight=5)<\/code><br \/>\n<code>G.add_edge(3, 1, weight=7)<\/code>\n<\/p>\n<p style=\"direction:ltr;text-align:left!important\">\n<code><span style=\"color:green\"># Calculate the degree of each node with weights<\/span><\/code><br \/>\n<code>degree_dict = dict(G.degree(weight='weight'))<\/code>\n<\/p>\n<p style=\"direction:ltr;text-align:left!important\">\n<code><span style=\"color:green\"># Get the nodes of the graph<\/span><\/code><br \/>\n<code>nodes = G.nodes()<\/code>\n<\/p>\n<p style=\"direction:ltr;text-align:left!important\">\n<code><span style=\"color:green\"># Initialize a degree matrix with zeros<\/span><\/code><br \/>\n<code>degree_matrix = np.zeros((len(nodes), len(nodes)))<\/code>\n<\/p>\n<p style=\"direction:ltr;text-align:left!important\">\n<code><span style=\"color:green\"># Fill the degree matrix with the degrees of the nodes<\/span><\/code><br \/>\n<code>for i, node in enumerate(nodes):<\/code><br \/>\n<code>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;degree_matrix[i, i] = degree_dict[node]<\/code>\n<\/p>\n<p style=\"direction:ltr;text-align:left!important\">\n<code>print(\"Degree Matrix\")<\/code><br \/>\n<code>print(degree_matrix)<\/code>\n<\/p>\n<p style=\"direction:ltr;text-align:left!important\">\n<strong>Degree Matrix<\/strong><br \/>\n[[10.  0.  0.]<br \/>\n [ 0.  8.  0.]<br \/>\n [ 0.  0. 12.]]<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u0627\u06cc\u062c\u0627\u062f \u0645\u0627\u062a\u0631\u06cc\u0633 \u0631\u062e\u062f\u0627\u062f<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u062a\u0634\u06a9\u06cc\u0644 \u0645\u0627\u062a\u0631\u06cc\u0633 \u0631\u062e\u062f\u0627\u062f \u06a9\u0647 \u0646\u0634\u0627\u0646\u200c\u062f\u0647\u0646\u062f\u0647 \u0627\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0637 \u06cc\u0627\u0644\u200c\u0647\u0627 \u0648 \u06af\u0631\u0647\u200c\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u060c \u0627\u0632 \u062f\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0631 \u0632\u06cc\u0631 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u0645:<\/p>\n\n\n<p style=\"direction:ltr;text-align:left!important\">\n<code><span style=\"color:green\"># Create a graph<\/span><\/code><br \/>\n<code>G = nx.Graph()<\/code>\n<\/p>\n<p style=\"direction:ltr;text-align:left!important\">\n<code><span style=\"color:green\"># Add edges to the graph<\/span><\/code><br \/>\n<code>G.add_edge(1, 2)<\/code><br \/>\n<code>G.add_edge(2, 3)<\/code><br \/>\n<code>G.add_edge(3, 1)<\/code>\n<\/p>\n<p style=\"direction:ltr;text-align:left!important\">\n<code><span style=\"color:green\"># Generate the incidence matrix<\/span><\/code><br \/>\n<code>incidence_matrix = nx.incidence_matrix(G, oriented=False).todense()<\/code>\n<\/p>\n<p style=\"direction:ltr;text-align:left!important\">\n<code>print(\"Incidence Matrix:\")<\/code><br \/>\n<code>print(incidence_matrix)<\/code>\n<\/p>\n<p style=\"direction:ltr;text-align:left!important\">\n<strong>Incidence Matrix:<\/strong><br \/>\n[[1. 1. 0.]<br \/>\n [1. 0. 1.]<br \/>\n [0. 1. 1.]]<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u0627\u06cc\u062c\u0627\u062f \u0644\u06cc\u0633\u062a \u0645\u062c\u0627\u0648\u0631\u062a<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0644\u06cc\u0633\u062a \u0645\u062c\u0627\u0648\u0631\u062a \u0634\u06cc\u0648\u0647 \u062f\u06cc\u06af\u0631\u06cc \u0627\u0632 \u0646\u0645\u0627\u06cc\u0634 \u06af\u0631\u0627\u0641 \u062f\u0631 \u06a9\u0627\u0645\u067e\u06cc\u0648\u062a\u0631 \u0627\u0633\u062a \u06a9\u0647 \u0627\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0637 \u06af\u0631\u0647\u200c\u0647\u0627 \u0631\u0627 \u0646\u0634\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u062f\u0647\u062f. \u0628\u0627 \u06a9\u062f \u0632\u06cc\u0631 \u0628\u0647\u200c\u0631\u0627\u062d\u062a\u06cc \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0646 \u0628\u0627\u06a9\u0645\u06a9 \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u06a9\u062a\u0627\u0628\u062e\u0627\u0646\u0647 \u0644\u06cc\u0633\u062a \u0645\u062c\u0627\u0648\u0631\u062a \u0645\u0627\u062a\u0631\u06cc\u0633 \u0645\u0648\u0631\u062f \u0646\u0638\u0631 \u0631\u0627 \u0627\u06cc\u062c\u0627\u062f \u06a9\u0631\u062f:<\/p>\n\n\n<p style=\"direction:ltr;text-align:left!important\">\n<code><span style=\"color:green\"># Create a graph<\/span><\/code><br \/>\n<code>G = nx.Graph()<\/code>\n<\/p>\n<p style=\"direction:ltr;text-align:left!important\">\n<code><span style=\"color:green\"># Add edges to the graph<\/span><\/code><br \/>\n<code>G.add_edge(1, 2)<\/code><br \/>\n<code>G.add_edge(2, 3)<\/code><br \/>\n<code>G.add_edge(3, 1)<\/code>\n<\/p>\n<p style=\"direction:ltr;text-align:left!important\">\n<code><span style=\"color:green\"># Convert the graph to an adjacency list<\/span><\/code><br \/>\n<code>adj_list = nx.to_dict_of_lists(G)<\/code>\n<\/p>\n<p style=\"direction:ltr;text-align:left!important\">\n<code>print(adj_list)<\/code>\n<\/p>\n<p style=\"direction:ltr;text-align:left!important\">\n<strong>{1: [2, 3], 2: [1, 3], 3: [2, 1]}<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0647 \u06a9\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u06a9\u062f\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0634\u062f\u0647 \u062f\u0631 \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u0645\u0637\u0644\u0628\u060c \u0627\u0632 \u06af\u06cc\u062a\u200c\u0647\u0627\u0628 \u0631\u06cc\u067e\u0648\u0632\u06cc\u062a\u0648\u0631\u06cc <a href=\"https:\/\/github.com\/MobinaPoulaei\/Graph-Theory\/tree\/main\/Graph%20Representations\" data-type=\"URL\" data-id=\"https:\/\/github.com\/MobinaPoulaei\/Graph-Theory\/tree\/main\/Graph%20Representations\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\"><mark style=\"background-color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0)\" class=\"has-inline-color has-vivid-cyan-blue-color\">Graph Representations<\/mark><\/a> \u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644 \u062f\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0633\u06cc \u0627\u0633\u062a.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u0645\u0632\u0627\u06cc\u0627 \u0648 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u06cc\u0628 \u0647\u0631 \u0646\u0648\u0639 \u0646\u0645\u0627\u06cc\u0634<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0647\u0631 \u06cc\u06a9 \u0627\u0632 \u0631\u0648\u0634\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0646\u0645\u0627\u06cc\u0634 \u06af\u0631\u0627\u0641 \u062f\u0627\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u0645\u0632\u0627\u06cc\u0627 \u0648 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u06cc\u0628 \u062e\u0627\u0635 \u062e\u0648\u062f \u0647\u0633\u062a\u0646\u062f \u06a9\u0647 \u0628\u0627\u06cc\u062f \u0628\u0627\u062a\u0648\u062c\u0647 \u0628\u0647 \u0646\u0648\u0639 \u0645\u0633\u0626\u0644\u0647 \u0648 \u0648\u06cc\u0698\u06af\u06cc\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u06af\u0631\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0646\u062a\u062e\u0627\u0628 \u0634\u0648\u0646\u062f. \u062f\u0631\u0627\u062f\u0627\u0645\u0647 \u0645\u0632\u0627\u06cc\u0627 \u0648 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u06cc\u0628 \u0647\u0631 \u0631\u0648\u0634 \u0631\u0627 \u0628\u0631\u0631\u0633\u06cc \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u0645:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u0645\u0632\u0627\u06cc\u0627\u06cc \u0646\u0645\u0627\u06cc\u0634 \u0645\u0627\u062a\u0631\u06cc\u0633\u06cc<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>\u0627\u0645\u06a9\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0646\u062c\u0627\u0645 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u06cc\u0627\u062a \u0631\u06cc\u0627\u0636\u06cc \u067e\u06cc\u0686\u06cc\u062f\u0647<\/strong>: \u0646\u0645\u0627\u06cc\u0634 \u0645\u0627\u062a\u0631\u06cc\u0633\u06cc \u0627\u0645\u06a9\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0646\u062c\u0627\u0645 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u06cc\u0627\u062a \u0631\u06cc\u0627\u0636\u06cc \u067e\u06cc\u0686\u06cc\u062f\u0647 \u0628\u0631 \u0631\u0648\u06cc \u06af\u0631\u0627\u0641 \u0631\u0627 \u0641\u0631\u0627\u0647\u0645 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u06a9\u0646\u062f \u0648 \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u06af\u0631\u0627\u0641\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0645\u062a\u0631\u0627\u06a9\u0645 \u06a9\u0647 \u062a\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062f \u0632\u06cc\u0627\u062f\u06cc \u06cc\u0627\u0644 \u062f\u0627\u0631\u0646\u062f\u060c \u06a9\u0627\u0631\u0627\u06cc\u06cc \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0627\u06cc\u06cc \u062f\u0627\u0631\u062f.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u062f\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0633\u06cc \u0633\u0631\u06cc\u0639 \u0628\u0647 \u0627\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0637\u0627\u062a<\/strong>: \u062f\u0631 \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u0631\u0648\u0634\u060c \u062f\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0633\u06cc \u0628\u0647 \u0627\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0631\u0628\u0648\u0637 \u0628\u0647 \u0627\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0637\u0627\u062a \u0628\u06cc\u0646 \u0631\u0626\u0648\u0633 \u0628\u0633\u06cc\u0627\u0631 \u0633\u0631\u06cc\u0639 \u0627\u0633\u062a \u06a9\u0647 \u0628\u0647 \u0627\u062c\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u0633\u0631\u06cc\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u06af\u0648\u0631\u06cc\u062a\u0645\u200c\u0647\u0627 \u06a9\u0645\u06a9 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u06a9\u0646\u062f.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u067e\u06cc\u0627\u062f\u0647\u200c\u0633\u0627\u0632\u06cc \u0627\u0644\u06af\u0648\u0631\u06cc\u062a\u0645\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u067e\u06cc\u0686\u06cc\u062f\u0647<\/strong>: \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u0646\u0648\u0639 \u0646\u0645\u0627\u06cc\u0634 \u0628\u0647 \u0645\u0627 \u06a9\u0645\u06a9 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u06a9\u0646\u062f \u062a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u06af\u0648\u0631\u06cc\u062a\u0645\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u067e\u06cc\u0686\u06cc\u062f\u0647\u200c\u062a\u0631\u06cc \u0631\u0627 \u0628\u0647 \u0631\u0627\u062d\u062a\u06cc \u067e\u06cc\u0627\u062f\u0647\u200c\u0633\u0627\u0632\u06cc \u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u0645 \u0648 \u062a\u062d\u0644\u06cc\u0644\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u062f\u0642\u06cc\u0642\u200c\u062a\u0631\u06cc \u0627\u0646\u062c\u0627\u0645 \u062f\u0647\u06cc\u0645.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u0645\u0639\u0627\u06cc\u0628 \u0646\u0645\u0627\u06cc\u0634 \u0645\u0627\u062a\u0631\u06cc\u0633\u06cc<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>\u0646\u06cc\u0627\u0632 \u0628\u0647 \u0641\u0636\u0627\u06cc \u0630\u062e\u06cc\u0631\u0647\u200c\u0633\u0627\u0632\u06cc \u0632\u06cc\u0627\u062f<\/strong>: \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u0646\u0648\u0639 \u0646\u0645\u0627\u06cc\u0634 \u0628\u0647 \u0641\u0636\u0627\u06cc \u0630\u062e\u06cc\u0631\u0647\u200c\u0633\u0627\u0632\u06cc \u0632\u06cc\u0627\u062f\u06cc \u0646\u06cc\u0627\u0632 \u062f\u0627\u0631\u062f \u0648 \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u06af\u0631\u0627\u0641\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u067e\u0631\u0627\u06a9\u0646\u062f\u0647 \u06a9\u0647 \u062a\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062f \u06cc\u0627\u0644\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u06a9\u0645\u06cc \u0646\u0633\u0628\u062a \u0628\u0647 \u062a\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062f \u0631\u0626\u0648\u0633 \u062f\u0627\u0631\u0646\u062f\u060c \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628 \u0646\u06cc\u0633\u062a.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u067e\u06cc\u0686\u06cc\u062f\u06af\u06cc \u062f\u0631 \u062a\u063a\u06cc\u06cc\u0631\u0627\u062a \u06af\u0631\u0627\u0641<\/strong>: \u062a\u063a\u06cc\u06cc\u0631\u0627\u062a \u062f\u0631 \u06af\u0631\u0627\u0641 (\u0645\u0627\u0646\u0646\u062f \u0627\u0636\u0627\u0641\u0647 \u06cc\u0627 \u062d\u0630\u0641 \u06a9\u0631\u062f\u0646 \u06cc\u0627\u0644\u200c\u0647\u0627) \u0645\u0645\u06a9\u0646 \u0627\u0633\u062a \u067e\u06cc\u0686\u06cc\u062f\u0647\u200c\u062a\u0631 \u0628\u0627\u0634\u062f \u0648 \u0645\u062f\u06cc\u0631\u06cc\u062a \u0648 \u067e\u0631\u062f\u0627\u0632\u0634 \u0645\u0627\u062a\u0631\u06cc\u0633\u200c\u0647\u0627 \u062f\u0631 \u06af\u0631\u0627\u0641\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0628\u0632\u0631\u06af \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0646\u062f \u062f\u0634\u0648\u0627\u0631 \u0628\u0627\u0634\u062f.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u062d\u062c\u0645 \u062f\u0627\u062f\u0647\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0627<\/strong>: \u062f\u0631 \u06af\u0631\u0627\u0641\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0628\u0632\u0631\u06af \u0628\u0627 \u062a\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062f \u0632\u06cc\u0627\u062f\u06cc \u0631\u0627\u0633 \u0648 \u06cc\u0627\u0644\u060c \u062d\u062c\u0645 \u062f\u0627\u062f\u0647\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0645\u0627\u062a\u0631\u06cc\u0633 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0646\u062f \u0628\u0633\u06cc\u0627\u0631 \u0632\u06cc\u0627\u062f \u0634\u0648\u062f \u06a9\u0647 \u0645\u062f\u06cc\u0631\u06cc\u062a \u0648 \u067e\u0631\u062f\u0627\u0632\u0634 \u0622\u0646\u200c\u0647\u0627 \u0631\u0627 \u062f\u0634\u0648\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u0633\u0627\u0632\u062f.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u0645\u0632\u0627\u06cc\u0627\u06cc \u0646\u0645\u0627\u06cc\u0634 \u0644\u06cc\u0633\u062a\u06cc<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>\u0641\u0636\u0627\u06cc \u0630\u062e\u06cc\u0631\u0647\u200c\u0633\u0627\u0632\u06cc \u06a9\u0645\u062a\u0631<\/strong>: \u0646\u0645\u0627\u06cc\u0634 \u0644\u06cc\u0633\u062a\u06cc \u0641\u0636\u0627\u06cc \u06a9\u0645\u062a\u0631\u06cc \u0631\u0627 \u0627\u0634\u063a\u0627\u0644 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u06a9\u0646\u062f \u0648 \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u06af\u0631\u0627\u0641\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u067e\u0631\u0627\u06a9\u0646\u062f\u0647 \u0628\u0633\u06cc\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628 \u0627\u0633\u062a.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u062f\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0633\u06cc \u0633\u0631\u06cc\u0639 \u0628\u0647 \u0647\u0645\u0633\u0627\u06cc\u06af\u0627\u0646 \u0631\u0627\u0633 \u062e\u0627\u0635<\/strong>: \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u0631\u0648\u0634 \u0628\u0647 \u0645\u0627 \u0627\u0645\u06a9\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u062f\u0647\u062f \u062a\u0627 \u0628\u0647 \u0633\u0631\u0639\u062a \u0628\u0647 \u0647\u0645\u0633\u0627\u06cc\u06af\u0627\u0646 \u06cc\u06a9 \u0631\u0627\u0633 \u062e\u0627\u0635 \u062f\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0633\u06cc \u067e\u06cc\u062f\u0627 \u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u0645 \u0648 \u062a\u063a\u06cc\u06cc\u0631\u0627\u062a \u062f\u0631 \u06af\u0631\u0627\u0641 \u0631\u0627 \u0628\u0647 \u0633\u0627\u062f\u06af\u06cc \u0627\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u0645.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628 \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u06af\u0631\u0627\u0641\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u062f\u0627\u06cc\u0646\u0627\u0645\u06cc\u06a9<\/strong>: \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u0646\u0648\u0639 \u0646\u0645\u0627\u06cc\u0634 \u0628\u0647 \u062e\u0635\u0648\u0635 \u062f\u0631 \u06af\u0631\u0627\u0641\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u062f\u0627\u06cc\u0646\u0627\u0645\u06cc\u06a9 \u06a9\u0647 \u062a\u063a\u06cc\u06cc\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0632\u06cc\u0627\u062f\u06cc \u062f\u0627\u0631\u0646\u062f\u060c \u0628\u0633\u06cc\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u0641\u06cc\u062f \u0627\u0633\u062a.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u0645\u0639\u0627\u06cc\u0628 \u0646\u0645\u0627\u06cc\u0634 \u0644\u06cc\u0633\u062a\u06cc<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>\u062f\u0634\u0648\u0627\u0631\u06cc \u062f\u0631 \u0627\u0646\u062c\u0627\u0645 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u06cc\u0627\u062a \u0631\u06cc\u0627\u0636\u06cc \u067e\u06cc\u0686\u06cc\u062f\u0647<\/strong>: \u0639\u0645\u0644\u06cc\u0627\u062a \u0631\u06cc\u0627\u0636\u06cc \u067e\u06cc\u0686\u06cc\u062f\u0647 \u0628\u0631 \u0631\u0648\u06cc \u0646\u0645\u0627\u06cc\u0634 \u0644\u06cc\u0633\u062a\u06cc \u062f\u0634\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062a\u0631 \u0627\u0633\u062a \u0648 \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u06af\u0631\u0627\u0641\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0645\u062a\u0631\u0627\u06a9\u0645 \u06a9\u0647 \u062a\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062f \u0632\u06cc\u0627\u062f\u06cc \u06cc\u0627\u0644 \u062f\u0627\u0631\u0646\u062f\u060c \u06a9\u0627\u0631\u0627\u06cc\u06cc \u06a9\u0645\u062a\u0631\u06cc \u062f\u0627\u0631\u062f.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u062f\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0633\u06cc \u0632\u0645\u0627\u0646\u200c\u0628\u0631 \u0628\u0647 \u0627\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0637\u0627\u062a<\/strong>: \u062f\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0633\u06cc \u0628\u0647 \u0627\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0631\u0628\u0648\u0637 \u0628\u0647 \u0627\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0637\u0627\u062a \u0628\u06cc\u0646 \u0647\u0645\u0647 \u0631\u0626\u0648\u0633 \u062f\u0631 \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u0631\u0648\u0634 \u0645\u0645\u06a9\u0646 \u0627\u0633\u062a \u0632\u0645\u0627\u0646\u200c\u0628\u0631 \u0628\u0627\u0634\u062f \u0648 \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u0627\u0644\u06af\u0648\u0631\u06cc\u062a\u0645\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u062a\u062d\u0644\u06cc\u0644 \u0634\u0628\u06a9\u0647 \u06a9\u0647 \u0646\u06cc\u0627\u0632 \u0628\u0647 \u0628\u0631\u0631\u0633\u06cc \u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645\u06cc \u06cc\u0627\u0644\u200c\u0647\u0627 \u062f\u0627\u0631\u0646\u062f\u060c \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u0646\u0648\u0639 \u0646\u0645\u0627\u06cc\u0634 \u0645\u0645\u06a9\u0646 \u0627\u0633\u062a \u06a9\u0646\u062f\u062a\u0631 \u0639\u0645\u0644 \u06a9\u0646\u062f.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u0645\u0632\u0627\u06cc\u0627\u06cc \u0646\u0645\u0627\u06cc\u0634 \u0647\u0646\u062f\u0633\u06cc<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>\u062f\u0631\u06a9 \u0628\u0635\u0631\u06cc \u0648 \u0634\u0647\u0648\u062f\u06cc<\/strong>: \u0646\u0645\u0627\u06cc\u0634 \u0647\u0646\u062f\u0633\u06cc \u06af\u0631\u0627\u0641\u200c\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0647 \u06a9\u0627\u0631\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u062c\u0627\u0632\u0647 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u062f\u0647\u062f \u062a\u0627 \u0633\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0627\u0631 \u06af\u0631\u0627\u0641 \u0631\u0627 \u0628\u0647 \u0635\u0648\u0631\u062a \u0628\u0635\u0631\u06cc \u0645\u0634\u0627\u0647\u062f\u0647 \u06a9\u0646\u0646\u062f. \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u0646\u0648\u0639 \u0646\u0645\u0627\u06cc\u0634 \u0628\u0647 \u0648\u06cc\u0698\u0647 \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u0641\u0647\u0645 \u0631\u0648\u0627\u0628\u0637 \u067e\u06cc\u0686\u06cc\u062f\u0647 \u0648 \u0627\u0644\u06af\u0648\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u067e\u0646\u0647\u0627\u0646 \u062f\u0631 \u062f\u0627\u062f\u0647\u200c\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0641\u06cc\u062f \u0627\u0633\u062a.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u0634\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0627\u06cc\u06cc \u0627\u0644\u06af\u0648\u0647\u0627 \u0648 \u062e\u0648\u0634\u0647\u200c\u0647\u0627<\/strong>: \u0628\u0627 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0627\u0632 \u0646\u0645\u0627\u06cc\u0634 \u0647\u0646\u062f\u0633\u06cc\u060c \u0634\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0627\u06cc\u06cc \u0627\u0644\u06af\u0648\u0647\u0627 \u0648 \u062e\u0648\u0634\u0647\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641 \u062f\u0631 \u06af\u0631\u0627\u0641 \u0622\u0633\u0627\u0646\u200c\u062a\u0631 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u0634\u0648\u062f. \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u0627\u0645\u0631 \u0628\u0647 \u062a\u062d\u0644\u06cc\u0644\u06af\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u06a9\u0645\u06a9 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u06a9\u0646\u062f \u062a\u0627 \u062f\u0633\u062a\u0647\u200c\u0628\u0646\u062f\u06cc\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0637\u0628\u06cc\u0639\u06cc \u062f\u0631 \u062f\u0627\u062f\u0647\u200c\u0647\u0627 \u0631\u0627 \u0628\u06cc\u0627\u0628\u0646\u062f \u0648 \u0622\u0646\u200c\u0647\u0627 \u0631\u0627 \u062a\u062d\u0644\u06cc\u0644 \u06a9\u0646\u0646\u062f.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u0634\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0627\u06cc\u06cc \u0646\u0642\u0627\u0637 \u06a9\u0644\u06cc\u062f\u06cc<\/strong>: \u0646\u0645\u0627\u06cc\u0634 \u0647\u0646\u062f\u0633\u06cc \u0628\u0647 \u0634\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0627\u06cc\u06cc \u0646\u0642\u0627\u0637 \u06a9\u0644\u06cc\u062f\u06cc \u0645\u0627\u0646\u0646\u062f \u0631\u0626\u0648\u0633 \u0645\u0631\u06a9\u0632\u06cc\u060c \u0645\u0633\u06cc\u0631\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0645\u0647\u0645 \u0648 \u06cc\u0627\u0644\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0628\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0646\u06cc \u06a9\u0645\u06a9 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u06a9\u0646\u062f. \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u0627\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u0628\u0647\u06cc\u0646\u0647\u200c\u0633\u0627\u0632\u06cc \u0634\u0628\u06a9\u0647\u200c\u0647\u0627 \u0648 \u0628\u0647\u0628\u0648\u062f \u0639\u0645\u0644\u06a9\u0631\u062f \u0622\u0646\u200c\u0647\u0627 \u062d\u06cc\u0627\u062a\u06cc \u0647\u0633\u062a\u0646\u062f.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628 \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u0627\u0631\u0627\u0626\u0647\u200c\u0647\u0627<\/strong>: \u0646\u0645\u0627\u06cc\u0634 \u0647\u0646\u062f\u0633\u06cc \u0628\u0647 \u062f\u0644\u06cc\u0644 \u0648\u06cc\u0698\u06af\u06cc\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0628\u0635\u0631\u06cc \u0648 \u0634\u0641\u0627\u0641\u06cc\u062a\u060c \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u0627\u0631\u0627\u0626\u0647\u200c\u0647\u0627 \u0648 \u062a\u0648\u0636\u06cc\u062d \u0645\u0641\u0627\u0647\u06cc\u0645 \u0628\u0647 \u0645\u062e\u0627\u0637\u0628\u0627\u0646 \u063a\u06cc\u0631 \u062a\u062e\u0635\u0635\u06cc \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628 \u0627\u0633\u062a. \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u0646\u0648\u0639 \u0646\u0645\u0627\u06cc\u0634 \u0628\u0647 \u0627\u0641\u0631\u0627\u062f \u06a9\u0645\u06a9 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u06a9\u0646\u062f \u062a\u0627 \u0628\u062f\u0648\u0646 \u0646\u06cc\u0627\u0632 \u0628\u0647 \u062f\u0627\u0646\u0634 \u062a\u062e\u0635\u0635\u06cc\u060c \u0633\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0627\u0631 \u0648 \u0627\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0637\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u062f\u0631 \u06af\u0631\u0627\u0641 \u0631\u0627 \u062f\u0631\u06a9 \u06a9\u0646\u0646\u062f.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u0645\u0639\u0627\u06cc\u0628 \u0646\u0645\u0627\u06cc\u0634 \u0647\u0646\u062f\u0633\u06cc<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>\u067e\u06cc\u0686\u06cc\u062f\u06af\u06cc \u062f\u0631 \u0631\u0633\u0645 \u06af\u0631\u0627\u0641\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0628\u0632\u0631\u06af<\/strong>: \u0646\u0645\u0627\u06cc\u0634 \u0647\u0646\u062f\u0633\u06cc \u06af\u0631\u0627\u0641\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0628\u0632\u0631\u06af \u0648 \u067e\u06cc\u0686\u06cc\u062f\u0647 \u0645\u0645\u06a9\u0646 \u0627\u0633\u062a \u0628\u0627\u0639\u062b \u0628\u0631\u0648\u0632 \u0645\u0634\u06a9\u0644\u0627\u062a\u06cc \u0646\u0638\u06cc\u0631 \u0647\u0645\u067e\u0648\u0634\u0627\u0646\u06cc \u0631\u0626\u0648\u0633 \u0648 \u06cc\u0627\u0644\u200c\u0647\u0627 \u0634\u0648\u062f. \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u0627\u0645\u0631 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0646\u062f \u0645\u0646\u062c\u0631 \u0628\u0647 \u06a9\u0627\u0647\u0634 \u062e\u0648\u0627\u0646\u0627\u06cc\u06cc \u0648 \u062f\u0634\u0648\u0627\u0631\u06cc \u062f\u0631 \u062a\u0641\u0633\u06cc\u0631 \u06af\u0631\u0627\u0641 \u0634\u0648\u062f.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u0646\u06cc\u0627\u0632 \u0628\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u06af\u0648\u0631\u06cc\u062a\u0645\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u067e\u06cc\u0686\u06cc\u062f\u0647<\/strong>: \u0631\u0633\u0645 \u06af\u0631\u0627\u0641\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0628\u0632\u0631\u06af \u0628\u0647 \u0635\u0648\u0631\u062a \u0647\u0646\u062f\u0633\u06cc \u0646\u06cc\u0627\u0632 \u0628\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u06af\u0648\u0631\u06cc\u062a\u0645\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u067e\u06cc\u0686\u06cc\u062f\u0647 \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u06cc\u0627\u0641\u062a\u0646 \u0686\u06cc\u062f\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628 \u062f\u0627\u0631\u062f. \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u06af\u0648\u0631\u06cc\u062a\u0645\u200c\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0645\u06a9\u0646 \u0627\u0633\u062a \u0646\u06cc\u0627\u0632\u0645\u0646\u062f \u0645\u062d\u0627\u0633\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0632\u06cc\u0627\u062f \u0648 \u0632\u0645\u0627\u0646\u200c\u0628\u0631 \u0628\u0627\u0634\u0646\u062f.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u0645\u062d\u062f\u0648\u062f\u06cc\u062a \u062f\u0631 \u062f\u0642\u062a<\/strong>: \u062f\u0631 \u0628\u0631\u062e\u06cc \u0645\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062f\u060c \u0646\u0645\u0627\u06cc\u0634 \u0647\u0646\u062f\u0633\u06cc \u0646\u0645\u06cc\u200c\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0646\u062f \u0628\u0647 \u062f\u0642\u062a \u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0648\u06cc\u0698\u06af\u06cc\u200c\u0647\u0627 \u0648 \u062c\u0632\u0626\u06cc\u0627\u062a \u06af\u0631\u0627\u0641 \u0631\u0627 \u0646\u0645\u0627\u06cc\u0634 \u062f\u0647\u062f. \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u0645\u0634\u06a9\u0644 \u0628\u0647 \u062e\u0635\u0648\u0635 \u062f\u0631 \u06af\u0631\u0627\u0641\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc\u06cc \u0628\u0627 \u062a\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062f \u0632\u06cc\u0627\u062f \u06cc\u0627\u0644\u200c\u0647\u0627 \u0648 \u0631\u0626\u0648\u0633 \u0628\u0631\u0648\u0632 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u06a9\u0646\u062f.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u0645\u062d\u062f\u0648\u062f\u06cc\u062a\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0641\u0636\u0627\u06cc\u06cc<\/strong>: \u0646\u0645\u0627\u06cc\u0634 \u0647\u0646\u062f\u0633\u06cc \u0645\u0645\u06a9\u0646 \u0627\u0633\u062a \u0646\u06cc\u0627\u0632 \u0628\u0647 \u0641\u0636\u0627\u06cc \u0646\u0645\u0627\u06cc\u0634 \u0632\u06cc\u0627\u062f\u06cc \u062f\u0627\u0634\u062a\u0647 \u0628\u0627\u0634\u062f \u0648 \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u0645\u062d\u062f\u0648\u062f\u06cc\u062a \u0628\u0627\u0639\u062b \u0634\u0648\u062f \u06a9\u0647 \u0646\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0646 \u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645\u06cc \u062c\u0632\u0626\u06cc\u0627\u062a \u0631\u0627 \u0628\u0647 \u062e\u0648\u0628\u06cc \u0645\u0634\u0627\u0647\u062f\u0647 \u06a9\u0631\u062f. \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u0627\u0645\u0631 \u0628\u0647 \u062e\u0635\u0648\u0635 \u062f\u0631 \u0646\u0645\u0627\u06cc\u0634 \u06af\u0631\u0627\u0641\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0633\u0647\u200c\u0628\u0639\u062f\u06cc \u06cc\u0627 \u06af\u0631\u0627\u0641\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc\u06cc \u0628\u0627 \u0686\u06af\u0627\u0644\u06cc \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0627 \u0645\u0634\u06a9\u0644\u200c\u0633\u0627\u0632 \u0627\u0633\u062a.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u0627\u0628\u0632\u0627\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0648 \u0646\u0631\u0645\u200c\u0627\u0641\u0632\u0627\u0631\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0645\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0637 \u0628\u0627 \u0646\u0645\u0627\u06cc\u0634 \u06af\u0631\u0627\u0641<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0627\u0645\u0631\u0648\u0632\u0647 \u0627\u0628\u0632\u0627\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0648 \u0646\u0631\u0645\u200c\u0627\u0641\u0632\u0627\u0631\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0645\u062a\u0639\u062f\u062f\u06cc \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u0646\u0645\u0627\u06cc\u0634 \u0648 \u062a\u062d\u0644\u06cc\u0644 \u06af\u0631\u0627\u0641\u200c\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u062f\u0627\u0631\u062f \u06a9\u0647 \u0628\u0647 \u067e\u0698\u0648\u0647\u0634\u06af\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u0648 \u062f\u0627\u0646\u0634\u0645\u0646\u062f\u0627\u0646 \u062f\u0631 \u06a9\u0627\u0631\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u062e\u0648\u062f \u06a9\u0645\u06a9 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u06a9\u0646\u0646\u062f.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0628\u0631\u062e\u06cc \u0627\u0632 \u0646\u0631\u0645\u200c\u0627\u0641\u0632\u0627\u0631\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0645\u062d\u0628\u0648\u0628 \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u0631\u0633\u0645 \u06af\u0631\u0627\u0641\u200c\u0647\u0627 \u0639\u0628\u0627\u0631\u062a\u0646\u062f \u0627\u0632:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Gephi<\/h3>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter size-large is-resized\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/cafetadris.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/image-87-1024x638.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-18203\" width=\"728\" height=\"453\" srcset=\"https:\/\/cafetadris.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/image-87-1024x638.png 1024w, https:\/\/cafetadris.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/image-87-300x187.png 300w, https:\/\/cafetadris.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/image-87-768x479.png 768w, https:\/\/cafetadris.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/image-87-585x365.png 585w, https:\/\/cafetadris.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/image-87.png 1397w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 728px) 100vw, 728px\" \/><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/gephi.org\/\" data-type=\"URL\" data-id=\"https:\/\/gephi.org\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\"><mark style=\"background-color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0)\" class=\"has-inline-color has-vivid-cyan-blue-color\">Gephi <\/mark><\/a>\u06cc\u06a9 \u0646\u0631\u0645\u200c\u0627\u0641\u0632\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u062a\u0646\u200c\u0628\u0627\u0632 \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u062a\u062d\u0644\u06cc\u0644 \u0648 \u0645\u0635\u0648\u0631\u0633\u0627\u0632\u06cc \u0634\u0628\u06a9\u0647\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u067e\u06cc\u0686\u06cc\u062f\u0647 \u0627\u0633\u062a. \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u0646\u0631\u0645\u200c\u0627\u0641\u0632\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0645\u06a9\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0645\u062a\u0639\u062f\u062f\u06cc \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u062a\u0631\u0633\u06cc\u0645 \u0648 \u062a\u062d\u0644\u06cc\u0644 \u06af\u0631\u0627\u0641\u200c\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u0631\u0627\u0647\u0645 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u06a9\u0646\u062f \u0648 \u0628\u0647 \u0645\u0627 \u0627\u0645\u06a9\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u062f\u0647\u062f \u062a\u0627 \u0628\u0647 \u0631\u0627\u062d\u062a\u06cc \u062f\u0627\u062f\u0647\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u067e\u06cc\u0686\u06cc\u062f\u0647 \u0631\u0627 \u0628\u0647 \u0635\u0648\u0631\u062a \u0628\u0635\u0631\u06cc \u0645\u0634\u0627\u0647\u062f\u0647 \u0648 \u062a\u062d\u0644\u06cc\u0644 \u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u0645.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Cytoscape<\/h3>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter size-large is-resized\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/cafetadris.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/EuHjG0WrQFGN3oFF8lPP_figure2_allrush_v1-1024x535.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-18205\" width=\"712\" height=\"371\" srcset=\"https:\/\/cafetadris.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/EuHjG0WrQFGN3oFF8lPP_figure2_allrush_v1-1024x535.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/cafetadris.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/EuHjG0WrQFGN3oFF8lPP_figure2_allrush_v1-300x157.jpg 300w, https:\/\/cafetadris.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/EuHjG0WrQFGN3oFF8lPP_figure2_allrush_v1-1536x803.jpg 1536w, https:\/\/cafetadris.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/EuHjG0WrQFGN3oFF8lPP_figure2_allrush_v1-2048x1071.jpg 2048w, https:\/\/cafetadris.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/EuHjG0WrQFGN3oFF8lPP_figure2_allrush_v1-585x306.jpg 585w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 712px) 100vw, 712px\" \/><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/cytoscape.org\/\" data-type=\"URL\" data-id=\"https:\/\/cytoscape.org\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\"><mark style=\"background-color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0)\" class=\"has-inline-color has-vivid-cyan-blue-color\">Cytoscape <\/mark><\/a>\u06cc\u06a9 \u0646\u0631\u0645\u200c\u0627\u0641\u0632\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u062a\u0646\u200c\u0628\u0627\u0632 \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u0645\u0635\u0648\u0631\u0633\u0627\u0632\u06cc \u0634\u0628\u06a9\u0647\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0645\u0648\u0644\u06a9\u0648\u0644\u06cc \u0648 \u062a\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0628\u06cc\u0648\u0644\u0648\u0698\u06cc\u06a9\u06cc \u0627\u0633\u062a. \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u0646\u0631\u0645\u200c\u0627\u0641\u0632\u0627\u0631 \u0628\u0647 \u062e\u0635\u0648\u0635 \u062f\u0631 \u0628\u06cc\u0648\u0627\u0646\u0641\u0648\u0631\u0645\u0627\u062a\u06cc\u06a9 \u0648 \u062a\u062d\u0644\u06cc\u0644 \u0634\u0628\u06a9\u0647\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0698\u0646\u062a\u06cc\u06a9\u06cc \u06a9\u0627\u0631\u0628\u0631\u062f \u062f\u0627\u0631\u062f \u0648 \u0627\u0628\u0632\u0627\u0631\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0642\u062f\u0631\u062a\u0645\u0646\u062f\u06cc \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u0645\u062f\u0644\u200c\u0633\u0627\u0632\u06cc \u0648 \u062a\u062d\u0644\u06cc\u0644 \u062f\u0627\u062f\u0647\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0628\u06cc\u0648\u0644\u0648\u0698\u06cc\u06a9\u06cc \u0641\u0631\u0627\u0647\u0645 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u06a9\u0646\u062f.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Graphviz<\/h3>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter size-large is-resized\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/cafetadris.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/Graphviz_Banner-1024x662.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-18206\" width=\"706\" height=\"456\" srcset=\"https:\/\/cafetadris.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/Graphviz_Banner-1024x662.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/cafetadris.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/Graphviz_Banner-300x194.jpg 300w, https:\/\/cafetadris.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/Graphviz_Banner-768x496.jpg 768w, https:\/\/cafetadris.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/Graphviz_Banner-585x378.jpg 585w, https:\/\/cafetadris.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/Graphviz_Banner.jpg 1280w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 706px) 100vw, 706px\" \/><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/graphviz.org\/\" data-type=\"URL\" data-id=\"https:\/\/graphviz.org\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\"><mark style=\"background-color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0)\" class=\"has-inline-color has-vivid-cyan-blue-color\">Graphviz <\/mark><\/a>\u06cc\u06a9 \u0627\u0628\u0632\u0627\u0631 \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u0631\u0633\u0645 \u06af\u0631\u0627\u0641\u200c\u0647\u0627 \u0648 \u0646\u0645\u0648\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0634\u0628\u06a9\u0647\u200c\u0627\u06cc \u0627\u0633\u062a \u06a9\u0647 \u0627\u0632 \u0632\u0628\u0627\u0646 DOT \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u062a\u0648\u0635\u06cc\u0641 \u06af\u0631\u0627\u0641\u200c\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u06a9\u0646\u062f. \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u0627\u0628\u0632\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0645\u06a9\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0645\u062a\u0639\u062f\u062f\u06cc \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u062a\u0631\u0633\u06cc\u0645 \u0648 \u062a\u062d\u0644\u06cc\u0644 \u06af\u0631\u0627\u0641\u200c\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u0631\u0627\u0647\u0645 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u06a9\u0646\u062f \u0648 \u0628\u0647 \u0645\u0627 \u0627\u0645\u06a9\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u062f\u0647\u062f \u062a\u0627 \u0628\u0647 \u0631\u0627\u062d\u062a\u06cc \u06af\u0631\u0627\u0641\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u067e\u06cc\u0686\u06cc\u062f\u0647 \u0631\u0627 \u0645\u062f\u0644\u200c\u0633\u0627\u0632\u06cc \u0648 \u062a\u062d\u0644\u06cc\u0644 \u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u0645.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u062c\u0645\u0639\u200c\u0628\u0646\u062f\u06cc<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>\u06af\u0631\u0627\u0641\u200c\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0647 \u0639\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0628\u0632\u0627\u0631\u06cc \u0645\u0624\u062b\u0631 \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u0645\u062f\u0644\u200c\u0633\u0627\u0632\u06cc \u0648 \u062a\u062d\u0644\u06cc\u0644 \u0631\u0648\u0627\u0628\u0637 \u067e\u06cc\u0686\u06cc\u062f\u0647 \u062f\u0631 \u0632\u0645\u06cc\u0646\u0647\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641 \u0627\u0632 \u062c\u0645\u0644\u0647 \u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0631\u0627\u06cc\u0627\u0646\u0647\u060c \u0634\u0628\u06a9\u0647\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u06cc \u0648 \u0628\u06cc\u0648\u0627\u0646\u0641\u0648\u0631\u0645\u0627\u062a\u06cc\u06a9 \u0645\u0637\u0631\u062d \u0647\u0633\u062a\u0646\u062f. \u062f\u0631 \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0644\u0647 \u0628\u0647 \u062a\u0641\u0635\u06cc\u0644 \u062f\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0647 \u0627\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0639 \u0646\u0645\u0627\u06cc\u0634\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641 \u06af\u0631\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0632 \u062c\u0645\u0644\u0647 \u0645\u0627\u062a\u0631\u06cc\u0633 \u0645\u062c\u0627\u0648\u0631\u062a\u060c \u0645\u0627\u062a\u0631\u06cc\u0633 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0647\u060c \u0645\u0627\u062a\u0631\u06cc\u0633 \u0631\u062e\u062f\u0627\u062f \u0648 \u0644\u06cc\u0633\u062a \u0645\u062c\u0627\u0648\u0631\u062a \u067e\u0631\u062f\u0627\u062e\u062a\u06cc\u0645. \u0647\u0631 \u06cc\u06a9 \u0627\u0632 \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u0631\u0648\u0634\u200c\u0647\u0627 \u062f\u0627\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u0645\u0632\u0627\u06cc\u0627 \u0648 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u06cc\u0628 \u062e\u0627\u0635 \u062e\u0648\u062f \u0647\u0633\u062a\u0646\u062f \u0648 \u0627\u0646\u062a\u062e\u0627\u0628 \u0635\u062d\u06cc\u062d \u0622\u0646\u200c\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0633\u062a\u06af\u06cc \u0628\u0647 \u0646\u0648\u0639 \u0645\u0633\u0626\u0644\u0647 \u0648 \u0648\u06cc\u0698\u06af\u06cc\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u06af\u0631\u0627\u0641 \u062f\u0627\u0631\u062f.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0628\u0627 \u0641\u0647\u0645 \u0639\u0645\u06cc\u0642\u200c\u062a\u0631 \u0627\u0632 \u0647\u0631 \u06cc\u06a9 \u0627\u0632 \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u0631\u0648\u0634\u200c\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0646\u06cc\u0645 \u06af\u0631\u0627\u0641\u200c\u0647\u0627 \u0631\u0627 \u0628\u0647 \u0637\u0648\u0631 \u0645\u0648\u062b\u0631\u062a\u0631\u06cc \u062a\u062d\u0644\u06cc\u0644 \u0648 \u0628\u0631\u0631\u0633\u06cc \u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u0645. \u0647\u0645\u0686\u0646\u06cc\u0646\u060c \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0627\u0632 \u0627\u0628\u0632\u0627\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0648 \u0646\u0631\u0645\u200c\u0627\u0641\u0632\u0627\u0631\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0646\u062f \u0641\u0631\u0622\u06cc\u0646\u062f \u062a\u062d\u0644\u06cc\u0644 \u06af\u0631\u0627\u0641\u200c\u0647\u0627 \u0631\u0627 \u0633\u0627\u062f\u0647\u200c\u062a\u0631 \u0648 \u06a9\u0627\u0631\u0622\u0645\u062f\u062a\u0631 \u06a9\u0646\u062f. \u062f\u0631 \u0646\u0647\u0627\u06cc\u062a\u060c \u062f\u0631\u06a9 \u062f\u0642\u06cc\u0642\u200c\u062a\u0631 \u0648 \u06a9\u0627\u0645\u0644\u200c\u062a\u0631 \u0627\u0632 \u06af\u0631\u0627\u0641\u200c\u0647\u0627 \u0648 \u0646\u062d\u0648\u0647 \u0646\u0645\u0627\u06cc\u0634 \u0622\u0646\u200c\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0646\u062f \u0628\u0647 \u0645\u0627 \u062f\u0631 \u062d\u0644 \u0645\u0633\u0627\u0626\u0644 \u067e\u06cc\u0686\u06cc\u062f\u0647\u200c\u062a\u0631 \u0648 \u0627\u0646\u062c\u0627\u0645 \u062a\u062d\u0644\u06cc\u0644\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u062f\u0642\u06cc\u0642\u200c\u062a\u0631 \u06a9\u0645\u06a9 \u06a9\u0646\u062f.<\/p>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"307\" src=\"http:\/\/cafetadris.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/05\/FAQs-2-2-1024x307.jpg\" alt=\"\u067e\u0631\u0633\u0634\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0645\u062a\u062f\u0627\u0648\u0644\" class=\"wp-image-15747\" srcset=\"https:\/\/cafetadris.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/05\/FAQs-2-2-1024x307.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/cafetadris.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/05\/FAQs-2-2-300x90.jpg 300w, https:\/\/cafetadris.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/05\/FAQs-2-2-768x230.jpg 768w, https:\/\/cafetadris.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/05\/FAQs-2-2-1536x461.jpg 1536w, https:\/\/cafetadris.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/05\/FAQs-2-2-585x176.jpg 585w, https:\/\/cafetadris.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/05\/FAQs-2-2.jpg 2000w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u0633\u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0645\u062a\u062f\u0627\u0648\u0644<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u0646\u0638\u0631\u06cc\u0647 \u06af\u0631\u0627\u0641 \u0686\u06cc\u0633\u062a\u061f<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0646\u0638\u0631\u06cc\u0647 \u06af\u0631\u0627\u0641 \u0634\u0627\u062e\u0647\u200c\u0627\u06cc \u0627\u0632 \u0631\u06cc\u0627\u0636\u06cc\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0633\u062a \u06a9\u0647 \u0628\u0647 \u0645\u0637\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0647 \u06af\u0631\u0627\u0641\u200c\u0647\u0627 \u0648 \u0627\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0637\u0627\u062a \u0628\u06cc\u0646 \u0631\u0626\u0648\u0633 \u0648 \u06cc\u0627\u0644\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0622\u0646\u200c\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u067e\u0631\u062f\u0627\u0632\u062f. \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u0646\u0638\u0631\u06cc\u0647 \u0628\u0647 \u0645\u0627 \u0627\u0645\u06a9\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u062f\u0647\u062f \u062a\u0627 \u0631\u0648\u0627\u0628\u0637 \u067e\u06cc\u0686\u06cc\u062f\u0647 \u0631\u0627 \u0628\u0647 \u0635\u0648\u0631\u062a \u06af\u0631\u0627\u0641\u06cc\u06a9\u06cc \u0646\u0645\u0627\u06cc\u0634 \u062f\u0647\u06cc\u0645 \u0648 \u0628\u0647 \u062a\u062d\u0644\u06cc\u0644 \u0648 \u0628\u0631\u0631\u0633\u06cc \u062f\u0642\u06cc\u0642\u200c\u062a\u0631 \u0622\u0646\u200c\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u067e\u0631\u062f\u0627\u0632\u06cc\u0645.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u0645\u0627\u062a\u0631\u06cc\u0633 \u0645\u062c\u0627\u0648\u0631\u062a \u0686\u06cc\u0633\u062a\u061f<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0645\u0627\u062a\u0631\u06cc\u0633 \u0645\u062c\u0627\u0648\u0631\u062a \u06cc\u06a9 \u0631\u0648\u0634 \u0646\u0645\u0627\u06cc\u0634 \u06af\u0631\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0633\u062a \u06a9\u0647 \u062f\u0631 \u0622\u0646 \u0627\u0632 \u06cc\u06a9 \u0645\u0627\u062a\u0631\u06cc\u0633 \u0645\u0631\u0628\u0639\u06cc \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u0646\u0634\u0627\u0646 \u062f\u0627\u062f\u0646 \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u06cc\u0627 \u0639\u062f\u0645 \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u06cc\u0627\u0644 \u0628\u06cc\u0646 \u0631\u0626\u0648\u0633 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u0634\u0648\u062f. \u0627\u06af\u0631 \u06cc\u06a9 \u06cc\u0627\u0644 \u0628\u06cc\u0646 \u062f\u0648 \u0631\u0627\u0633 \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u062f\u0627\u0634\u062a\u0647 \u0628\u0627\u0634\u062f\u060c \u0645\u0642\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0639\u0646\u0635\u0631 \u0645\u0631\u0628\u0648\u0637\u0647 \u06cc\u06a9 \u0648 \u062f\u0631 \u063a\u06cc\u0631 \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u0635\u0648\u0631\u062a \u0635\u0641\u0631 \u0627\u0633\u062a.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u0646\u0645\u0627\u06cc\u0634 \u0644\u06cc\u0633\u062a\u06cc \u0686\u0647 \u0645\u0632\u0627\u06cc\u0627\u06cc\u06cc \u062f\u0627\u0631\u062f\u061f<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0646\u0645\u0627\u06cc\u0634 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\u0645\u06cc\u200c\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0646&#8230;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":11,"featured_media":18374,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[558],"tags":[1227,1228],"yst_prominent_words":[],"class_list":["post-18146","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-558","tag-1227","tag-1228"],"amp_enabled":true,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/cafetadris.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/18146","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/cafetadris.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/cafetadris.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/cafetadris.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/11"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/cafetadris.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=18146"}],"version-history":[{"count":71,"href":"https:\/\/cafetadris.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/18146\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":19119,"href":"https:\/\/cafetadris.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/18146\/revisions\/19119"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/cafetadris.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/18374"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/cafetadris.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=18146"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/cafetadris.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=18146"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/cafetadris.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=18146"},{"taxonomy":"yst_prominent_words","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/cafetadris.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/yst_prominent_words?post=18146"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}